ZEP 1:5 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX καὶ τοὺς προσκυνοῦντας ἐπὶ τὰ δώματα τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ τοὺς προσκυνοῦντας καὶ τοὺς ὀμνύοντας κατὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ τοὺς ὀμνύοντας κατὰ τοῦ βασιλέως αὐτῶν,
(kai tous proskunountas epi ta dōmata taʸ stratia tou ouranou, kai tous proskunountas kai tous omnuontas kata tou Kuriou, kai tous omnuontas kata tou basileōs autōn, )

BrTr and them that worship the host of heaven upon the house-tops; and them that worship and swear by the Lord, and them that swear by their king;

ULT those who are bowing down on the housetops to the army of the heavens,
⇔ and those who bow down, who swear by Yahweh and also swear upon Milcom,[fn]

The Hebrew text has by their king , but some modern versions read by Milcom , the name of a pagan god that many people worshiped.

UST I will get rid of those who go up on the roofs of their houses and worship the sun, moon, and stars,
⇔ and those who claim to worship me but also swear using the name of their king.

BSB those who bow on the rooftops
⇔ to worship the host of heaven,
⇔ those who bow down and swear by the LORD
⇔ but also swear by Milcom,[fn]

1:5 Or by their king; Milcom is a variant of Molech; see Leviticus 18:21 and 1 Kings 11:7.

OEB and those who worship on the housetops
⇔ to the stars in the sky,
⇔ and those worshippers of the Lord
⇔ who also pay homage to Milcom,

WEBBE those who worship the army of the sky on the housetops, those who worship and swear by the LORD and also swear by Malcam,

WMBB (Same as above)

NET I will remove those who worship the stars in the sky from their rooftops,
⇔ those who swear allegiance to the Lord while taking oaths in the name of their ‘king,’

LSV And those bowing themselves
On the roofs to the host of the heavens,
And those bowing themselves,
Swearing to YHWH, and swearing by Malcham,

FBV I will destroy those who go up to the rooftops to bow down before the sun, moon, and stars. They also bow down and swear allegiance to the Lord, but then they do the same to Milcom.[fn]

1:5 Or “Molech,” a pagan god.

T4T I will get rid of those who go up on the roofs of their houses and worship the sun and moon and stars,
⇔ those who claim that they worship me but also worship their god Molech.

LEB • to the host of heaven, • and those who bow down, swearing to Yahweh • but also swearing by Milkom,[fn]

1:1 Or “their king”

BBE And the worshippers of the army of heaven on the house-tops, and the Lord's worshippers who take oaths by Milcom,

Moff No Moff ZEP book available

JPS And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship, that swear to the LORD and swear by Malcam;

ASV and them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship, that swear to Jehovah and swear by Malcam;

DRA And them that worship the host of heaven upon the tops of houses, and them that adore, and swear by the Lord, and swear by Melchom.

YLT And those bowing themselves On the roofs to the host of the heavens, And those bowing themselves, Swearing to Jehovah, and swearing by Malcham,

Drby and them that bow down to the host of the heavens upon the housetops; and them that bow down to Jehovah, that swear by [him], and swear by Malcham;

RV and them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship, which swear to the LORD and swear by Malcam;

Wbstr And them that worship the host of heaven upon the house-tops; and them that worship and that swear by the LORD, and that swear by Malcham;

KJB-1769 And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship and that swear by the LORD, and that swear by Malcham;[fn]

1.5 by the…: or, to the LORD

KJB-1611 And them that worship the hoste of heauen vpon the house tops, & them that worship, and that sweare [fn]by the LORD, and that sweare by Malcham:
(And them that worship the host of heaven upon the house tops, and them that worship, and that swear by the LORD, and that swear by Malcham:)

1:5 Or, to the LORD.

Bshps Yea & such as vpon their house toppes worship and bowe them selues vnto the hoast of heauen, whiche sweare by the Lorde, and by their Malchom also:
(Yea and such as upon their house tops worship and bow themselves unto the host of heaven, which swear by the Lord, and by their Malchom also:)

Gnva And them that worship the hoste of heauen vpon the house tops, and them that worship and sweare by the Lord, and sweare by Malcham,
(And them that worship the host of heaven upon the house tops, and them that worship and swear by the Lord, and swear by Malcham, )

Cvdl yee & soch as vpon their house toppes worshipe & bowe them selues vnto the hoost of heauen: which sweare by the LORDE, and by their Malchom also:
(yee and such as upon their house tops worship and bow themselves unto the host of heaven: which swear by the LORD, and by their Malchom also:)

Wycl and hem that worschipen on roouys the knyythod of heuene, and worschipen, and sweren in the Lord, and sweren in Melchon;
(and them that worschipen on roouys the knyythod of heaven, and worschipen, and sweren in the Lord, and sweren in Melchon;)

Luth und die, so auf den Dächern des Himmels Heer anbeten, die es anbeten und schwören doch bei dem HErr’s und zugleich bei Malchom,
(and die, so on the Dächern the heavens Heer worship, the it worship and schwören though/but at to_him LORD’s and zugleich at Malchom,)

ClVg et eos qui adorant super tecta militiam cæli, et adorant et jurant in Domino, et jurant in Melchom;
(and them who adorant over tecta militiam cæli, and adorant and yurant in Master, and yurant in Melchom; )

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

וְ⁠אֶת־הַ⁠מִּשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥ים עַל־הַ⁠גַּגּ֖וֹת לִ⁠צְבָ֣א הַ⁠שָּׁמָ֑יִם וְ⁠אֶת־הַ⁠מִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוִים֙ הַ⁠נִּשְׁבָּעִ֣ים לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה וְ⁠הַ⁠נִּשְׁבָּעִ֖ים בְּ⁠מַלְכָּֽ⁠ם

and=DOM the,bow_down on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in the,roofs to,host the=heavens and=DOM the,bow_down the,swear to/for=YHWH and,the,swear in/on/at/with,milkom,

Yahweh is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and I will cut off the ones bowing down on the housetops to the army of the skies, and I will cut off the ones bowing down, swearing to Yahweh but swearing by their king” or “and I will destroy the ones bowing down on the housetops to the army of the skies, and I will destroy the ones bowing down, swearing to Yahweh but swearing by their king”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

וְ⁠אֶת־הַ⁠מִּשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥ים עַל־הַ⁠גַּגּ֖וֹת לִ⁠צְבָ֣א

and=DOM the,bow_down on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in the,roofs to,host

Yahweh is using one aspect of worship, bowing down, to mean worship generally. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I will destroy the ones who worship the army of”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

לִ⁠צְבָ֣א הַ⁠שָּׁמָ֑יִם

to,host the=heavens

Yahweh is speaking of the sun, moon, and stars as if they were an army in the skies. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to the heavenly bodies”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person

וְ⁠אֶת־הַ⁠מִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוִים֙ הַ⁠נִּשְׁבָּעִ֣ים לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה

and=DOM and=DOM the,bow_down the,swear to/for=YHWH

Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person. Alternate translation: “and the ones bowing down, swearing to me”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

וְ⁠אֶת־הַ⁠מִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוִים֙ הַ⁠נִּשְׁבָּעִ֣ים לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה

and=DOM and=DOM the,bow_down the,swear to/for=YHWH

The terms bowing down and swearing to mean similar things. They both indicate worship; bowing down, one aspect of worship, represents worship generally, while the expression swearing to describes pledging oneself to worship Yahweh as God. Yahweh is using the two terms together for emphasis since, as the rest of the verse shows, this worship was not wholehearted. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “the ones appearing to worship me devotedly”

Note 6 topic: translate-names

הַ⁠נִּשְׁבָּעִ֣ים לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה וְ⁠הַ⁠נִּשְׁבָּעִ֖ים בְּ⁠מַלְכָּֽ⁠ם

the,swear to/for=YHWH and,the,swear in/on/at/with,milkom,

The word translated their king could be the name of a false god, Milcom, also called Molech, Molek, or Moloch. If you choose to use the name in your translation, spell it the way it sounds in your language. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the spelling that it uses. Alternate translation: “swearing to me but swearing by Milcom”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

הַ⁠נִּשְׁבָּעִ֣ים לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה וְ⁠הַ⁠נִּשְׁבָּעִ֖ים בְּ⁠מַלְכָּֽ⁠ם

the,swear to/for=YHWH and,the,swear in/on/at/with,milkom,

Yahweh is drawing a contrast between swearing to and swearing by. The Judeans who swore to Yahweh pledged themselves to worship him as their God. But they then swore by Milcom, invoking the name of that false god to guarantee a vow or promise that they had made. Yahweh is saying how inconsistent and inappropriate it was for them to do that. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “pledging themselves to worship me but then guaranteeing their oaths by invoking the false god Milcom”

Parallel ZEP 1:5