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interlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA PSA AMOS HOS 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH PRO ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1TH 2TH 1COR 2COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1TIM TIT 1PET 2PET 2TIM HEB YUD 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN REV
Joel 1 V1 V2 V3 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20
OET (OET-LV) The_remainder_of the_cutting_locust it_has_eaten the_swarming_locust and_left_of the_swarming_locust it_has_eaten the_hopping_locust and_left_of the_hopping_locust it_has_eaten the_destroying_locust.
OET (OET-RV) What the cutting locusts left behind, the swarming locusts have eaten,
⇔ and what the swarming locusts left behind, the hopping locusts have eaten,
⇔ and what the hopping locusts left behind, the destroying locusts have eaten.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun
יֶ֤תֶר הַגָּזָם֙ אָכַ֣ל הָֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה וְיֶ֥תֶר הָאַרְבֶּ֖ה אָכַ֣ל הַיָּ֑לֶק וְיֶ֣תֶר הַיֶּ֔לֶק אָכַ֖ל הֶחָסִֽיל
left_of the,cutting_locust eaten the,swarming_locust and,left_of the,swarming_locust eaten the,hopping_locust and,left_of the,hopping_locust eaten the,destroying_locust
Joel is not referring to specific locusts of these types. He means locusts of these types in general. It may be more natural in your language to express this meaning by using plural forms. Alternate translation: [The residue of the cutting locusts, swarming locusts have eaten, and the residue of the swarming locusts, hopping locusts have eaten, and the residue of the hopping locusts, destroying locusts have eaten]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / litany
יֶ֤תֶר הַגָּזָם֙ אָכַ֣ל הָֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה וְיֶ֥תֶר הָאַרְבֶּ֖ה אָכַ֣ל הַיָּ֑לֶק וְיֶ֣תֶר הַיֶּ֔לֶק אָכַ֖ל הֶחָסִֽיל
left_of the,cutting_locust eaten the,swarming_locust and,left_of the,swarming_locust eaten the,hopping_locust and,left_of the,hopping_locust eaten the,destroying_locust
In the General Introduction to Joel, see the discussion of the litany form and how you might format this verse in your translation to show that Joel is using that form.
Note 3 topic: translate-unknown
יֶ֤תֶר הַגָּזָם֙ אָכַ֣ל הָֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה וְיֶ֥תֶר הָאַרְבֶּ֖ה אָכַ֣ל הַיָּ֑לֶק וְיֶ֣תֶר הַיֶּ֔לֶק אָכַ֖ל הֶחָסִֽיל
left_of the,cutting_locust eaten the,swarming_locust and,left_of the,swarming_locust eaten the,hopping_locust and,left_of the,hopping_locust eaten the,destroying_locust
The terms cutting, swarming, hopping, and destroying describe different kinds of locusts. Interpreters are not certain specifically what kinds of locusts these were. You may wish to use more general expressions in your translation. Alternate translation: [The residue of one kind of locust, another kind of locust has eaten, and the residue of that kind of locust, yet another kind of locust has eaten, and the residue of that kind of locust, still another kind of locust has eaten]
1:4 The disaster that had befallen Judah was a catastrophic plague of locusts. Some commentators have understood the four kinds of locusts mentioned here to represent four ancient empires that conquered Israel. Others have suggested that the words indicate four stages in the development of locusts. Most likely, the prophet was using multiple terms to emphasize the extent of the destruction wrought by wave after wave of the voracious insects.
OET (OET-LV) The_remainder_of the_cutting_locust it_has_eaten the_swarming_locust and_left_of the_swarming_locust it_has_eaten the_hopping_locust and_left_of the_hopping_locust it_has_eaten the_destroying_locust.
OET (OET-RV) What the cutting locusts left behind, the swarming locusts have eaten,
⇔ and what the swarming locusts left behind, the hopping locusts have eaten,
⇔ and what the hopping locusts left behind, the destroying locusts have eaten.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.