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Ruth 4 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22
Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) (At that time in Israel, people had a different way of buying land or exchanging goods between them. In order to make these matters legally binding, one man would take off one of his sandals and give it to the other party. That was the way people in Israel confirmed what they had agreed to do.)
OET-LV And_this in_former_times in/on/at/with_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) on the_redemption and_for the_exchanging to_confirm every matter he_drew_off anyone sandal_his and_he/it_gave to_other_his and_this the_manner_of_attesting in/on/at/with_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
UHB וְזֹאת֩ לְפָנִ֨ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל עַל־הַגְּאוּלָּ֤ה וְעַל־הַתְּמוּרָה֙ לְקַיֵּ֣ם כָּל־דָּבָ֔ר שָׁלַ֥ף אִ֛ישׁ נַעֲל֖וֹ וְנָתַ֣ן לְרֵעֵ֑הוּ וְזֹ֥את הַתְּעוּדָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ ‡
(vəzoʼt ləfānim bəyisrāʼēl ˊal-haggəʼūllāh vəˊal-hattəmūrāh ləqayyēm kāl-dāⱱār shālaf ʼiysh naˊₐlō vənātan lərēˊēhū vəzoʼt hattəˊūdāh bəyisrāʼēl.)
Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX Καὶ τοῦτο τὸ δικαίωμα ἔμπροσθεν ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ ἐπὶ τὴν ἀγχιστείαν, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ ἀντάλλαγμα τοῦ στῆσαι πάντα λόγον· καὶ ὑπελύετο ἀνὴρ τὸ ὑπόδημα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐδίδου τῷ πλησίον αὐτοῦ τῷ ἀγχιστεύοντι τὴν ἀγχιστείαν αὐτοῦ· καὶ τοῦτο ἦν μαρτύριον ἐν Ἰσραήλ.
(Kai touto to dikaiōma emprosthen en tōi Israaʸl epi taʸn agⱪisteian, kai epi to antallagma tou staʸsai panta logon; kai hupelueto anaʸr to hupodaʸma autou, kai edidou tōi plaʸsion autou tōi agⱪisteuonti taʸn agⱪisteian autou; kai touto aʸn marturion en Israaʸl. )
BrTr And this was in former time the ordinance in Israel for redemption, and for a bargain, to confirm every word: A man loosed his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour that redeemed his right; and this was a testimony in Israel.
ULT Now this, formerly in Israel, concerning redemption and concerning exchange, to confirm any matter: a man took off his sandal and gave it to his friend. So this was the form of legal agreement in Israel.
UST (At that time in Israel, people had a different way of redeeming land or exchanging goods between them. In order to make these matters legally binding, one man would take off one of his sandals and give it to the other man. That was the way people in Israel made final what they had agreed to do.)
BSB § Now in former times in Israel, concerning the redemption or exchange of property, to make any matter legally binding a man would remove his sandal and give it to the other party, and this was a confirmation in Israel.
OEB Now this used to be the custom in Israel: to make valid anything relating to a matter of redemption or exchange, a man drew off his sandal and gave it to the other man; and this was the way contracts were attested in Israel.
WEBBE Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, to confirm all things: a man took off his sandal, and gave it to his neighbour; and this was the way of formalizing transactions in Israel.
WMBB (Same as above)
NET (Now this used to be the customary way to finalize a transaction involving redemption in Israel: A man would remove his sandal and give it to the other party. This was a legally binding act in Israel.)
LSV And this [is] formerly in Israel for redemption and for exchanging, to establish anything: a man has drawn off his sandal, and given [it] to his neighbor, and this [is] the Testimony in Israel.
FBV (Now during those times it was the custom in Israel to confirm the action of family redeemer, property transfer, or any similar legal matter by removing a sandal and handing it over. This was the way of validating a transaction in Israel.)
T4T At that time, it was the custom in Israel, when a person bought property that belonged to another person, that the man who was selling the property would take off one of his sandals and give it to the one who was buying the property. That was the way they finalized sales in Israel.
LEB (Now this was the custom in former times[fn] in Israel concerning the kinsman-redemption and transfer of property: to confirm the matter, a man removed his sandal and gave it to his fellow countryman. This was the manner of attesting in Israel.)
4:7 Literally “before faces”
BBE Now, in earlier times this was the way in Israel when property was taken over by a near relation, or when there was a change of owner. To make the exchange certain one man took off his shoe and gave it to the other; and this was a witness in Israel.
Moff No Moff RUTH book available
JPS Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, to confirm all things: a man drew off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour; and this was the attestation in Israel. —
ASV Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, to confirm all things: a man drew off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbor; and this was the manner of attestation in Israel.
DRA Now this in former times was the manner in Israel between kinsmen, that if at any time one yielded his right to another: that the grant might be sure, the man put off his shoe, and gave it to his neighhour; this was a testimony of cession of right in Israel.
YLT And this [is] formerly in Israel for redemption and for changing, to establish anything: a man hath drawn off his sandal, and given [it] to his neighbour, and this [is] the testimony in Israel.
Drby Now this [was the custom] in former time in Israel concerning redemption and concerning exchange, to confirm the whole matter: a man drew off his sandal, and gave it to his neighbour, and this was the [mode of] attestation in Israel.
RV Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, for to confirm all things; a man drew off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was the manner of attestation in Israel.
Wbstr Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for confirming all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbor: and this was a testimony in Israel.
KJB-1769 Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel.
KJB-1611 [fn]Now this was the maner in former time in Israel, concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirme all things: a man plucked off his shooe, and gaue it to his neighbour: and this was a testimonie in Israel.
(Now this was the manner in former time in Israel, concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things: a man plucked off his shooe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimonie in Israel.)
4:7 Deut. 25. 7,9.
Bshps Nowe this was the maner of olde time in Israel concerning redeeming & chaunging, for to stablishe al thing: that a man must plucke of his shoe, & geue it his neyghbour: And this was a sure witnesse in Israel.
(Now this was the manner of old time in Israel concerning redeeming and changing, for to stablishe all thing: that a man must pluck of his shoe, and give it his neighbour: And this was a sure witness in Israel.)
Gnva Now this was the maner beforetime in Israel, concerning redeeming and changing, for to stablish all things: a man did plucke off his shooe, and gaue it his neighbour, and this was a sure witnes in Israel.
(Now this was the manner beforetime in Israel, concerning redeeming and changing, for to stablish all things: a man did pluck off his shooe, and gave it his neighbour, and this was a sure witness in Israel. )
Cvdl But this was an olde custome in Israel concernynge the redemynge & chauginge, yt all matters mighte be stable, the one put of his shue, & gaue it vnto ye other: yt was the testimony in Israel.
(But this was an old custome in Israel concernynge the redemynge and chauginge, it all matters might be stable, the one put of his shoe, and gave it unto ye/you_all other: it was the testimony in Israel.)
Wycl Forsothe this was the custom bi eld tyme in Israel among kynesmen, that if a man yaf his riyt to anothir man, that the grauntyng were stidefast, the man vnlaase his scho, and yaf to his kynesman; this was the witnessyng of the yift in Israel.
(Forsothe this was the custom by old time in Israel among kynesmen, that if a man gave his right to another man, that the grauntyng were stidefast, the man unlaase his scho, and gave to his kinsman; this was the witnessing of the yift in Israel.)
Luth Es war aber von alters her eine solche Gewohnheit in Israel: Wenn einer ein Gut nicht beerben noch erkaufen wollte, auf daß allerlei Sache bestünde, so zog er seinen Schuh aus und gab ihn dem andern; das war das Zeugnis in Israel.
(It what/which but from alters her one such Gewohnheit in Israel: When einer a Gut not beerben still erkaufen wanted, on that allerlei matter bestünde, so pulled he his Schuh out_of and gave him/it to_him andern; the what/which the transcript in Israel.)
ClVg Hic autem erat mos antiquitus in Israël inter propinquos, ut siquando alter alteri suo juri cedebat, ut esset firma concessio, solvebat homo calceamentum suum, et dabat proximo suo: hoc erat testimonium cessionis in Israël.
(Hic however was mos antiquitus in Israel between propinquos, as siquando alter alteri his_own yuri cedebat, as was firma concessio, solvebat human calceamentum his_own, and dabat the_next suo: this was testimony cessionis in Israel. )
4:7 in those days: The book of Ruth was not written immediately after these events. By the time Ruth was written, most people had forgotten this custom of removing a sandal and what it meant. The transfer of a sandal symbolized transferring a right of purchase to redeem the land. See also Deut 25:9 for a similar (but not identical) custom in relation to levirate marriage; in both cases, the sandal apparently signified the right of redemption.
Note 1 topic: writing-background
וְזֹאת֩
and,this
The word Now marks what follows as background information that the writer wants the reader to know in order to understand the story. Use your language’s way of giving background information in a story. Alternate translation: “You need to know this:”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
וְזֹאת֩
and,this
Here some words are left out that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Now this was the custom”
Note 3 topic: writing-background
לְפָנִ֨ים
in,former_times
The word formerly implies that this custom was no longer practiced when the book of Ruth was written. Use a word or phrase that has this meaning. Alternate translation: “in earlier times”
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom
לְרֵעֵ֑הוּ
to,other,his
The words to his friend refer to the person with whom a man was making the agreement. Alternate translation: “to the counterparty” or “to the man with whom he was making an agreement”
Ruth 1-4
The story of Ruth is set in the time of the Judges, a few generations before the birth of King David. While much animosity often existed between Israel and Moab (Judges 3:12-30; 10:6-12:7; 2 Samuel 8:2; 10; 2 Kings 3:4-27; 2 Chronicles 20; see also Nations across the Jordan River map), other times the two nations appear to have enjoyed a somewhat congenial relationship, as is demonstrated by Naomi’s willingness to relocate to Moab to seek relief from a famine. Later Naomi’s sons also marry Moabite women, and Ruth’s devotion to Naomi and her God no doubt speaks highly of the character of many Moabites. Many years later Ruth’s great-grandson David placed his parents in the care of the king of Moab while he was on the run from King Saul (1 Samuel 22:3-4).