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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clearImportance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV)All the respected men, and the others who were sitting at the town gate, agreed, and they said, “Yes, we are your. We pray that Yahweh will allow this woman who will be coming into your home, to be like Rachel and Leah, the two who gave birth to our ancestors and started our people, Israel. May you become great in the clan of Ephrathah and famous here in Bethlehem!
Key: khaki:verbs, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXXΚαὶ εἴποσαν πᾶς ὁ λαὸς οἱ ἐν τῇ πύλῃ, μάρτυρες· καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι εἴποσαν, δῴη Κύριος τὴν γυναῖκά σου, τὴν εἰσπορευομένην εἰς τὸν οἶκόν σου, ὡς Ῥαχὴλ καὶ ὡς Λίαν, αἳ ᾠκοδόμησαν ἀμφότεραι τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐποίησαν δύναμιν ἐν Ἐφραθᾷ, καὶ ἔσται ὄνομα ἐν Βηθλεέμ. (Kai eiposan pas ho laos hoi en taʸ pulaʸ, martures; kai hoi presbuteroi eiposan, dōaʸ Kurios taʸn gunaika sou, taʸn eisporeuomenaʸn eis ton oikon sou, hōs Ɽaⱪaʸl kai hōs Lian, hai ōkodomaʸsan amfoterai ton oikon tou Israaʸl, kai epoiaʸsan dunamin en Efratha, kai estai onoma en Baʸthleʼem. )
BrTrAnd all the people who were in the gate said, We are witnesses: and the elders said, The Lord make thy wife who goes into thy house, as Rachel and as Lia, who both together built the house of Israel, and wrought mightily in Ephratha, and there shall be a name to thee in Bethleem.
ULTAnd all the people who were in the gate and the elders said, “We are witnesses! May Yahweh make this woman who is coming into your house like Rachel and Leah, the two who built up the house of Israel. Prosper in Ephrathah and be renowned in Bethlehem!
USTAll the respected men, and the others who were sitting at the town gate, agreed, and they said, “Yes, we have seen and heard. We pray that Yahweh will allow this woman, who will be coming into your home, to be like Rachel and Leah, the two who bore our ancestors and started our people, Israel. May you become great in the clan of Ephrathah and famous here in Bethlehem!
BSB § “We are witnesses,” said the elders and all the people at the gate. “May the LORD make the woman entering your home like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel. May you be prosperous in Ephrathah and famous in Bethlehem.
OEBThen all the people who were at the gate and the elders said, ‘We are witnesses. May the Lord make the woman who is coming into your house like Rachel and Leah, who together built the house of Israel. May you do well in Ephrata, and become famous in Bethlehem.
WEBBEAll the people who were in the gate, and the elders, said, “We are witnesses. May the LORD make the woman who has come into your house like Rachel and like Leah, which both built the house of Israel; and treat you worthily in Ephrathah, and be famous in Bethlehem.
NETAll the people who were at the gate and the elders replied, “We are witnesses. May the Lord make the woman who is entering your home like Rachel and Leah, both of whom built up the house of Israel! May you prosper in Ephrathah and become famous in Bethlehem.
LSVAnd all the people who [are] in the gate say—also the elderly, “Witnesses! YHWH makes the woman who is coming to your house as Rachel and as Leah, both of whom built the house of Israel; and you do virtuously in Ephrathah, and proclaim the name in Beth-Lehem;
FBVThe elders and all the people present at the town gate said, “Yes, we are witnesses. May the Lord make the woman who is coming to your house like Rachel and Leah who between them gave birth to the people of Israel. May you become prosperous in Ephrathah, and famous in Bethlehem.
T4TAll the elders and the others who were sitting at the town gate agreed, and one of them said, “Yes, we are witnesses. We hope/desire that Yahweh will enable this woman, who will be coming into your home, to give birth to many children, as Rachel and Leah did. They are the women from whom all us people [MTY] of Israel are descended. We hope that you will become rich in the clan of Ephratah, and become famous [MTY]here in Bethlehem.
LEBAnd all of the people who were at the gate and the elders said, “We are witnesses. May Yahweh make the woman coming into your house as Rachel and as Leah, who together[fn] built the house of Israel. May you have strength in Ephrathah and bestow a name in Bethlehem.
BBEAnd all the people who were in the public place, and the responsible men, said, We are witnesses. May the Lord make this woman, who is about to come into your house, like Rachel and Leah, which two were the builders of the house of Israel: and may you have wealth in Ephrathah, and be great in Beth-lehem;
JPSAnd all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said: 'We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that is come into thy house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel; and do thou worthily in Ephrath, and be famous in Beth-lehem;
ASVAnd all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. Jehovah make the woman that is come into thy house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephrathah, and be famous in Beth-lehem:
DRAThen all the people that were in the gate, and the ancients answered: We are witnesses: The Lord make this woman who cometh into thy house, like Rachel, and Lia, who built up the house of Israel: that she may be an example of virtue in Ephrata, and may have a famous name in Bethlehem:
YLTAnd all the people who [are] in the gate say — also the elders — 'Witnesses! Jehovah make the woman who is coming in unto thy house as Rachel and as Leah, both of whom built the house of Israel; and do thou virtuously in Ephrathah, and proclaim the Name in Beth-Lehem;
DrbyAnd all the people that were in the gate and the elders said, [We are] witnesses. Jehovah make the woman that cometh into thy house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel; and acquire power in Ephratah, and make thyself a name in Bethlehem;
RVAnd all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephrathah, and be famous in Beth-lehem:
WbstrAnd all the people that were in the gate, and the elders said, We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that hath come into thy house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephratah, and be famous in Beth-lehem:
KJB-1769And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephratah, and be famous in Beth-lehem:[fn][fn] (And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that is come into thine/your house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou/you worthyly in Ephratah, and be famous in Beth-lehem: )
KJB-1611[fn][fn]And all the people that were in the gate, and the Elders said, Wee are witnesses: The LORD make the woman that is come into thine house, like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephratah, and bee famous in Bethlehem. (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from marking of added words (and possibly capitalisation and punctuation and footnotes))
BshpsAnd all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, sayde, We are witnesses: The Lord make the woma that is come into thyne house, lyke Rahel and Lea, whiche twayne dyd buylde the house of Israel: & that thou mayest do worthyly in Ephrata, and be famous in Bethlehem. (And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses: The Lord make the woma that is come into thine/your house, like Rahel and Lea, which twayne did build the house of Israel: and that thou/you mayest/may do worthyly in Ephrata, and be famous in Bethlehem.)
GnvaAnd all the people that were in the gate, and the Elders sayd, We are witnesses: the Lord make the wife that commeth into thine house, like Rahel and like Leah, which twaine did build the house of Israel: and that thou mayest doe worthily in Ephrathah, and be famous in Beth-lehem, (And all the people that were in the gate, and the Elders said, We are witnesses: the Lord make the wife that cometh/comes into thine/your house, like Rahel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and that thou/you mayest/may do worthyly in Ephrathah, and be famous in Beth-lehem, )
CvdlAnd all the people that was in the gate with the Elders, saide: We are witnesses. The LORDE make the woman that commeth in to thy house, as Rachel and Lea ( which both haue buylded vp the house of Israel) that she maye be an ensample of vertue in Ephrata, and haue an honorable name in Bethleem. (And all the people that was in the gate with the Elders, said: We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that cometh/comes in to thy/your house, as Rachel and Lea ( which both have builded/built up the house of Israel) that she may be an ensample of virtuee in Ephrata, and have an honorable name in Bethleem.)
WyclAl the puple, that was in the yate, answeride, and the grettere men in birthe answeriden, We ben witnessis; the Lord make this womman, that entrith in to thin hows, as Rachel and Lia, that bildiden the hows of Israel, that sche be ensaumple of vertu in Effrata, and haue a solempne name in Bethleem; (Al the people, that was in the gate, answered, and the greater men in birth answered, We been witnessis; the Lord make this woman, that entrith in to thin house, as Rachel and Lia, that builded/builten the house of Israel, that she be ensaumple of virtue in Effrata, and have a solemn name in Bethleem;)
LuthUnd alles Volk, das im Tor war, samt den Ältesten sprachen: Wir sind Zeugen. Der HErr mache das Weib, das in dein Haus kommt, wie Rahel und Lea, die beide das Haus Israel gebauet haben; und wachse sehr in Ephratha und werde gepreiset zu Bethlehem! (And all/everything people, the in_the goal/doorway was, samt the elders said: We are Zeugen. The LORD make the woman, the in your house kommt, like Rahel and Lea, the both the house Israel gebauet have; and wachse very in Ephratha and become gepreiset to Bethlehem!)
ClVgRespondit omnis populus, qui erat in porta, et majores natu: Nos testes sumus: faciat Dominus hanc mulierem, quæ ingreditur domum tuam, sicut Rachel et Liam, quæ ædificaverunt domum Israël: ut sit exemplum virtutis in Ephratha, et habeat celebre nomen in Bethlehem:[fn] (Respondit everyone populus, who was in porta, and mayores natu: Nos testes sumus: let_him_do Master hanc mulierem, which ingreditur home your, like Rachel and Liam, which ædificaverunt home Israel: as let_it_be exemplum of_virtue in Ephratha, and have celebre nomen in Bethlehem: )
4.11Et majores. ISID. Decem majorum natu benedictio ostendit in nomine Jesu omnes gentes esse benedicendas. Iota enim apud Græcos decem significat, quæ in nomine Jesu prima littera est. Faciat Dominus hanc. Imprecatur prospera Ecclesiæ gentium, ut gratiam fecunditatis, quam habuerunt Isrælitarum primi parentes, percipiat. Rachel. Spe internæ contemplationis habens internam intelligentiam veritatis. Unde, Rachel bona facie, et pulchra specie, quam amat omnis pie studiosus, et propter hanc servit Laban, qui interpretatur dealbatio, quam comparat gratiæ Dei qui dicit: Quod si fuerunt peccata vestra sicut Phœnicium, tanquam nix dealbabuntur Isa. 1.. Liam. Actio hujus vitæ in qua vivimus laboriosa est ex fide, et incerta, quo exitu perveniat ad utilitatem eorum quibus consulere volumus. Ipsa est Lia prior uxor Jacob, quæ infirmis oculis fuisse memoratur.
4.11And mayores. ISID. Decem mayorum natu benedictio ostendit in nomine Yesu everyone gentes esse benedicendas. Iota because apud Græcos ten significat, which in nomine Yesu the_first littera it_is. Faciat Master hanc. Imprecatur prospera Ecclesiæ gentium, as gratiam fecunditatis, how habuerunt Isrælitarum primi parentes, percipiat. Rachel. Spe internæ contemplationis habens internam intelligentiam veritatis. Unde, Rachel good facie, and pulchra specie, how amat everyone pie studiosus, and propter hanc servit Laban, who interpretatur dealbatio, how comparat gratiæ of_God who he_says: That when/but_if fuerunt sins vestra like Phœnicium, tanquam nix dealbabuntur Isa. 1.. Liam. Actio huyus of_life in which vivimus laboriosa it_is from fide, and incerta, quo exitu perveniat to utilitatem their to_whom consulere volumus. Ipsa it_is Lia prior wife Yacob, which infirmis oculis fuisse memoratur.
The implication is that the people who were in the gate are the same people who heard and observed the meeting between Boaz and the man who had been first as kinsman-redeemer. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “the people who had observed Boaz's meeting with the first kinsman-redeemer”
This has both a literal and a figurative meaning. As Ruth marries Boaz, she will move into his physical house. “House” can be a metonym that represents “family,” so this also refers to becoming part of Boaz’s family by being his wife. Alternate translation: “who is becoming part of your family”
Here, the people are asking God to bless Ruth. Their blessing continues for Ruth and Boaz through verse 12. You could express this as either a blessing or a prayer, in whichever way is more natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We ask Yahweh to make this woman who is coming into your house like Rachel and Leah, the two who built up the house of Israel”
like,Rachel and,as,Leah which/who they_had_built both,them DOM house_of Yisrael
Rachel and Leah are the names of two women, the two wives of Jacob, whose name was changed to Israel. They are considered to be the female ancestors of the people of Israel. They had many children, so implied in this blessing is the request that God give Ruth many children. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “like Rachel and Leah, who bore many children who then became the nation of Israel”
Here the people are speaking of the nation of Israel as if it were a house. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “bore many children who then became the nation of Israel”
These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. The area around the town of Bethlehem was known as Ephrathah, and that became another name for the town. Presumably, this name came from the Israelite clan that settled in and around the city of Bethlehem. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than and in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “May you prosper among your clan of Ephrathah, yes, may you be important in Bethlehem”
The verbs here are command forms, but they communicate the good desire of the people rather than commands. They serve to continue the blessing while shifting it from Ruth to Boaz. Use the style of blessing that is appropriate in your language. Alternate translation: “And you, Boaz, may you prosper among your clan of Ephrathah, yes, may you be important in Bethlehem”
The story of Ruth is set in the time of the Judges, a few generations before the birth of King David. While much animosity often existed between Israel and Moab (Judges 3:12-30; 10:6-12:7; 2 Samuel 8:2; 10; 2 Kings 3:4-27; 2 Chronicles 20; see also Nations across the Jordan River map), other times the two nations appear to have enjoyed a somewhat congenial relationship, as is demonstrated by Naomi’s willingness to relocate to Moab to seek relief from a famine. Later Naomi’s sons also marry Moabite women, and Ruth’s devotion to Naomi and her God no doubt speaks highly of the character of many Moabites. Many years later Ruth’s great-grandson David placed his parents in the care of the king of Moab while he was on the run from King Saul (1 Samuel 22:3-4).
