OET interlinear YAC (JAM) 4:12

uW Translation Notes:

εἷς ἐστιν νομοθέτης καὶ κριτής

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Εἱς ἐστίν νομοθέτης καί κριτής ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καί ἀπολέσαι σύ Δέ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων τόν πλησίον)

Alternate translation: [The lawgiver and judge are the same person]

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / distinguish

ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καὶ ἀπολέσαι

the_‹one› being_able ˓to˒_save the_‹one› (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Εἱς ἐστίν νομοθέτης καί κριτής ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καί ἀπολέσαι σύ Δέ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων τόν πλησίον)

James uses this phrase, which identifies God by two of his attributes, to clarify whom he means by one lawgiver and judge. Alternate translation: [God, who is able to save and to destroy]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

σὺ δὲ τίς εἶ, ὁ κρίνων τὸν πλησίον?

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Εἱς ἐστίν νομοθέτης καί κριτής ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καί ἀπολέσαι σύ Δέ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων τόν πλησίον)

James is using the question form to challenge and teach his readers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question by translating his words as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: [But you have no right to judge a neighbor!]

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

σὺ δὲ τίς εἶ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Εἱς ἐστίν νομοθέτης καί κριτής ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καί ἀπολέσαι σύ Δέ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων τόν πλησίον)

For emphasis, James includes the pronoun you even though it is not required with the verb. If your language does not ordinarily require pronouns with verbs but it can include them for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may be able to convey this emphasis in other ways, such as by repeating the pronoun. Alternate translation: [But you, who are you]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / youcrowd

σὺ & τίς εἶ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Εἱς ἐστίν νομοθέτης καί κριτής ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καί ἀπολέσαι σύ Δέ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων τόν πλησίον)

As in the previous verse, James is using the singular form of you because even though he is addressing a group of people, he is describing an individual situation.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

τὸν πλησίον

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Εἱς ἐστίν νομοθέτης καί κριτής ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καί ἀπολέσαι σύ Δέ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων τόν πλησίον)

See how you translated the term neighbor in [2:8](../02/08.md). Alternate translation: [another person]