OET interlinear YAC (JAM) 4:4

uW Translation Notes:

μοιχαλίδες

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μοιχαλίδες Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστίν Ὅς ἐάν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρός τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται)

Alternate translation: [Adulteresses]

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

μοιχαλίδες

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μοιχαλίδες Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστίν Ὅς ἐάν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρός τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται)

James is describing his readers as married women who have sexual relations with men who are not their husbands. This metaphor is used many places in the Bible to represent unfaithfulness to God. Alternate translation: [You are not being faithful to God]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου, ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν?

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μοιχαλίδες Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστίν Ὅς ἐάν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρός τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται)

James is using the question form for emphasis and as a teaching tool. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question by translating his words as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: [Certainly you know that friendship with the world is enmity with God!]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου, ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν

¬the friendship ˱with˲_the world enmity ¬the ˱of˲_God (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μοιχαλίδες Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστίν Ὅς ἐάν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρός τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract nouns friendship and enmity by stating the ideas behind them with the concrete nouns “friend” and “enemy.” Alternate translation: [if you are a friend of the world, you are an enemy of God]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου

¬the friendship ˱with˲_the world

As in [1:27](../01/27.md), James is using the term world to mean the system of values shared by people who do not honor God. Alternate translation: [friendship with an ungodly value system]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου

¬the friendship ˱with˲_the world

James is speaking of this ungodly value system as if it were a person with whom someone could be friends. Alternate translation: [living by an ungodly value system]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν

enmity ¬the ˱of˲_God (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μοιχαλίδες Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστίν Ὅς ἐάν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρός τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται)

James probably does not consider that his readers have literally become sworn enemies of God. He is using the term enmity to describe how opposed the worldly value system is to the way God wants people to live. Alternate translation: [is contrary to what God wants]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου

˓a˒_friend to_be ˱of˲_the world

See how you translated the term world earlier in this verse. Alternate translation: [to be a friend of an ungodly value system]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου

˓a˒_friend to_be ˱of˲_the world

James speaks again of the ungodly value system as if it were a person with whom someone could be friends. Alternate translation: [to live by an ungodly value system]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

καθίσταται

˓is_being˒_appointed

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [makes himself]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐχθρὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μοιχαλίδες Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστίν Ὅς ἐάν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρός τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται)

See how you translated the similar expression earlier in this verse. Alternate translation: [someone who lives in a way contrary to what God wants]