YAC 4:6 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. μείζονα
2. meizōn
3. greater
4. -
5. 31870
6. S····AFS
7. greater
8. greater
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147840
1. Δέ
2. de
3. But
4. but
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. S
10. Y60
11. 147841
1. δίδωσιν
2. didōmi
3. he is giving
4. -
5. 13250
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ giving
8. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ giving
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147842
1. χάριν
2. χaris
3. grace
4. -
5. 54850
6. N····AFS
7. grace
8. grace
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147843
1. Διό
2. dio
3. Therefore
4. -
5. 13520
6. C·······
7. therefore
8. therefore
9. S
10. Y60
11. 147844
1. λέγει
2. legō
3. he is saying
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
8. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147845
1. Ὁ
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMS
7. ¬The
8. ¬The
9. B
10. Y60
11. 147846
1. Θεός
2. theos
3. god
4. ‘God
5. 23160
6. N····NMS
7. god
8. God
9. GN
10. Y60; Person=God
11. 147847
1. ὑπερηφάνοις
2. huperēfanos
3. against +the proud
4. proud
5. 52440
6. S····DMP
7. ˱against˲ ˓the˒ proud
8. ˱against˲ ˓the˒ proud
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147848
1. ἀντιτάσσεται
2. antitassō
3. is opposing
4. opposes
5. 4980
6. VIPM3··S
7. ˓is˒ opposing
8. ˓is˒ opposing
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147849
1. ταπεινοῖς
2. tapeinos
3. to +the humble
4. humble
5. 50110
6. S····DMP
7. ˱to˲ ˓the˒ humble
8. ˱to˲ ˓the˒ humble
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147850
1. δέ
2. de
3. but
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147851
1. δίδωσιν
2. didōmi
3. he is giving
4. -
5. 13250
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ giving
8. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ giving
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147852
1. χάριν
2. χaris
3. grace
4. -
5. 54850
6. N····AFS
7. grace
8. grace
9. -
10. Y60
11. 147853

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:1–12: Believers must submit to God, not to their own selfish desires

In this section, James wrote about the problem of Christians quarreling among themselves. He identified the root of the problem as our human selfish desires. Then he pointed out that the solution is to humble ourselves and submit to God.

Some other possible headings for this section are:

Warning against being God’s enemy (UBS)

Submit Yourselves to God (NIV)

Paragraph 4:4–6

James said that to love the world’s evil way is to hate God. God is angry with people who do this.

4:6a

But He gives us more grace.

But God is very merciful/kind to us.^(incl)
But God treats us^(incl) very kindly/favorably.

But He gives us more grace: Most commentators agree that the words But He gives us more grace are the words of James. They are not an additional part of the scripture that James mentioned in 4:5c.Note that although the 1973 and 1978 editions of NIV included these words as part of the quotation, the 1984 edition finishes the quotation at the end of 4:5 like all other major English versions.

But: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as But introduces a mild contrast. The contrast is between our unfaithfulness (4:4) and God’s grace. The contrast is also between God’s high standard (4:5) and his grace.

He gives us more grace: The expression gives…more grace translates a Hebrew idiom meaning “treat someone very favorably and kindly”. Here more grace means “very much grace.” God’s grace is completely adequate to meet his requirements.Ropes, page 265; Laws, page 180; Moo (1985), pages 146–147; Martin, page 151. In NT Greek the comparative form of an adjective is quite often used in an elative sense, where no direct comparison is intended. The translation in this case would be “very much.”

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

he treats us very kindly

he acts towards us in a favorable/merciful way

he is very kind to us

He: The pronoun He refers to God.

us: The pronoun us is inclusive: that is, all believers, including both James and his readers.

4:6b

This is why it says:

Just as God’s word/message says,
It is just as God says in his book/word,

This is why it says: The Greek word that the BSB translates as This is why indicates that what follows supports James’ statement in 4:6a. That statement is that God gives grace.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

As the scripture says (GNT)

just as the Scriptures say (CEV)

Scripture says (GW)

it says: The pronoun it here refers to Scripture. Since Scripture does not itself literally speak, in some languages it may be better to say:

God says in the Scriptures

God says in his written word

Here it refers to one verse from Scripture in particular, Proverbs 3:34. This verse is quoted in 4:6c and 4:6d.

4:6c

“God opposes the proud,

“God opposes/resists proud people,
“God is against arrogant people,

God opposes the proud: The clause God opposes the proud means that God “resists” or “is against” proud people. Notice the present tense of the verb. This indicates that God always has this attitude.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

God opposes arrogant people (GW)

God resists the proud (GNT)

God is against the proud (NCV)

the proud: The word proud describes people who think they are more important and better than other people. In this context, they are people who think that they do not need the grace of God.

Some other ways to translate this word are:

people who think that they are important

those who think they are better than other people

people who are not humble

Many languages have idioms for such people.

4:6d

but gives grace to the humble.”

but he is merciful/kind to humble people.”
but he treats kindly/favorably those who are meek/modest.”

but: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as but introduces a contrast. The contrast is between how God acts towards the proud (4:6c) and how he acts towards the humble (4:6d).

gives grace: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as gives grace translates a Hebrew idiom. It means “treats someone favorably and kindly.”

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

he is kind (CEV)

he shows favor (NLT96)

This phrase also occurs in 4:6a.

the humble: The Greek word that the BSB translates as the humble refers to people who are meek and modest. They know that they need God’s help. They depend on God and not on themselves. They are the opposite of “the proud” people in 4:6c.

Some other ways to translate this word are:

meek/modest people

people who do not think that they are very important

This Greek word also occurs in 1:9a, but the sense is not quite the same. There the focus was on a person’s lowly social or financial situation. Here the focus is on how a person thinks of himself.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

μείζονα δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν

greater (Some words not found in SR-GNT: μείζονα Δέ δίδωσιν χάριν Διό λέγει Ὁ Θεός ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται ταπεινοῖς δέ δίδωσιν χάριν)

In light of what he says in the previous two verses, James is drawing a contrast between what God might be expected to do and what God actually does. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the contrast more explicitly. Alternate translation: [But even though God is jealous if we are friends with the world, he does not reject us. Instead, he gives us even more grace to be friends with him]

Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns

μείζονα δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν

The pronoun he refers to God. Alternate translation: [But God gives greater grace]

μείζονα & χάριν

greater & grace

The comparative greater refers to quantity rather than to size. Alternate translation: [even more grace]

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

διὸ λέγει

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: μείζονα Δέ δίδωσιν χάριν Διό λέγει Ὁ Θεός ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται ταπεινοῖς δέ δίδωσιν χάριν)

The pronoun it refers to the Scripture, the antecedent from the previous verse. Even though James is now quoting a specific passage, [Proverbs 3:34](../pro/03/34.md), rather than a general teaching, the reference is to the Bible as a whole. Alternate translation: [Therefore the Scripture says] or [Therefore the Scriptures say]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

λέγει

˱he˲_˓is˒_saying

James is speaking of the Bible as if it could speak on its own. Alternate translation: [it is written in the Scriptures] or [we can read in the Scriptures]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

ὑπερηφάνοις & ταπεινοῖς

˱against˲_˓the˒_proud & ˱to˲_˓the˒_humble

James is using the adjectives proud and humble as nouns to refer to types of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate these with equivalent expressions. Alternate translation: [proud people … to humble people]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear YAC (JAM) 4:6

SR Greek word order

Section 4:1–12: Believers must submit to God, not to their own selfish desires

Paragraph 4:4–6

4:6a

4:6b

4:6c

4:6d

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)