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1 Yhn C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

1 Yhn 4 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V21

OET interlinear 1 YHN (1 JHN) 4:20

◄ ← 1 YHN (1 JHN) 4:20 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Ἐάν
    2. ean
    3. If
    4. -
    5. 14370
    6. C·······
    7. if
    8. if
    9. S
    10. Y90
    11. 153614
    1. τὶς
    2. tis
    3. anyone
    4. someone
    5. 51000
    6. R····NMS
    7. anyone
    8. anyone
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153615
    1. εἴπῃ
    2. legō
    3. may say
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VSAA3··S
    7. ˓may˒ say
    8. ˓may˒ say
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153616
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. that
    4. -
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. ¬that
    8. ¬that
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153617
    1. Ἀγαπῶ
    2. agapaō
    3. I am loving
    4. -
    5. 250
    6. VIPA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ loving
    8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ loving
    9. D
    10. Y90
    11. 153618
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153619
    1. Θεόν
    2. theos
    3. god
    4. -
    5. 23160
    6. N····AMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y90; Person=God
    11. 153620
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. but
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153621
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153622
    1. ἀδελφόν
    2. adelfos
    3. brother
    4. -
    5. 800
    6. N····AMS
    7. brother
    8. brother
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153623
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. of him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153624
    1. μισῇ
    2. miseō
    3. may be hating
    4. -
    5. 34040
    6. VSPA3··S
    7. ˓may_be˒ hating
    8. ˓may_be˒ hating
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153625
    1. ψεύστης
    2. pseustēs
    3. +a liar
    4. -
    5. 55830
    6. N····NMS
    7. ˓a˒ liar
    8. ˓a˒ liar
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153626
    1. ἐστίν
    2. eimi
    3. is
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153627
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the one
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····NMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153628
    1. γάρ
    2. gar
    3. because/for
    4. because
    5. 10630
    6. C·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153629
    1. μή
    2. mē
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 33610
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153630
    1. ἀγαπῶν
    2. agapaō
    3. loving
    4. -
    5. 250
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. loving
    8. loving
    9. -
    10. Y90; F153634; F153636; F153641; F153645
    11. 153631
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153632
    1. ἀδελφόν
    2. adelfos
    3. brother
    4. -
    5. 800
    6. N····AMS
    7. brother
    8. brother
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153633
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. of him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153634
    1. ὅν
    2. hos
    3. whom
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····AMS
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153635
    1. ἑώρακεν
    2. horaō
    3. he has seen
    4. -
    5. 37080
    6. VIEA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    8. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153636
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153637
    1. Θεόν
    2. theos
    3. god
    4. -
    5. 23160
    6. N····AMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y90; Person=God
    11. 153638
    1. ὅν
    2. hos
    3. whom
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····AMS
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153639
    1. οὐχ
    2. ou
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 37560
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153640
    1. ἑώρακεν
    2. horaō
    3. he has seen
    4. -
    5. 37080
    6. VIEA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    8. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153641
    1. οὒ
    2. ou
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 37560
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153642
    1. πῶς
    2. pōs
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 44590
    6. D·······
    7. how
    8. how
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 153643
    1. δύναται
    2. dunamai
    3. is able
    4. -
    5. 14100
    6. VIPM3··S
    7. ˓is˒ able
    8. ˓is˒ able
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153644
    1. ἀγαπᾶν
    2. agapaō
    3. to be loving
    4. -
    5. 250
    6. VNPA····
    7. ˓to_be˒ loving
    8. ˓to_be˒ loving
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153645

OET (OET-LV) If anyone may_say, that I_am_loving the god, and may_be_hating the brother of_him, is a_liar, because/for the one not loving the brother of_him, whom he_has_seen, is_ not _able to_be_loving the god, whom he_has_ not _seen.

OET (OET-RV) Anyone who says that they are loving God but hates a fellow believer, that person is liar because if someone can’t love a fellow believer that they’ve seen, they can’t love God who they’ve never seen.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:7–5:12: We should love one another because of what God has done for us

Read 4:7–5:12 carefully.

Section Theme: In this section John gives two reasons why we should love one another:

4:7–12

God has shown us what true love is by sending his Son to die for us.

4:13–21

God has loved us so much that we have a duty to love others.

At the end of the section, in 5:1–12, he shows how it is believing in Jesus that enables us to both love and obey God.

Paragraph 4:19–21

Read 4:19–21 in both BSB and GNT. Compare the two versions.

Paragraph Theme: This is the summary of John’s appeal that we should love other Christians because God has loved us so much.

4:20a

If anyone says, “I love God,”

says, “I love God”: (Speech Quotation) This is not the quotation of what someone actually said. It is an example of what someone might say. Therefore in translation it is important to consider whether it should be in direct speech or in indirect speech. See GNT and the Display.

4:20b

but hates his brother,

but hates his brother: (Multiple Senses) As in 2:9b, this means treating fellow Christians in a bad way, without love. See the notes on 2:9b.

4:20c

he is a liar.

he is a liar: (Meaning) In other words, he does not really love God. He is deceiving people when he says he loves God.

4:20d

For anyone who does not love his brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God, whom he has not seen.

For: (Logical Relationship) This conjunction shows that the rest of the verse explains how we know that such a person is a liar.

his brother, whom he has seen: (Meaning) This is not referring to a specific brother. John is giving a general example, saying that our fellow Christians are people we see all the time, whereas God cannot be seen at all.

cannot love God: (Meaning) John is saying that if we do not love our brothers, it is impossible for us to truly claim to be loving God. Since this is a strong negative statement, it may be expressed in some languages as a rhetorical question. See JBP, LB.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / hypo

ἐάν τις εἴπῃ, ὅτι ἀγαπῶ τὸν Θεόν, καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ μισῇ, ψεύστης ἐστίν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐάν τὶς εἴπῃ ὅτι Ἀγαπῶ τόν Θεόν καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῇ ψεύστης ἐστίν ὁ γάρ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ ὅν ἑώρακεν τόν Θεόν ὅν οὐχ ἑώρακεν οὒ δύναται ἀγαπᾶν)

John is using a hypothetical situation to help his readers recognize the importance of consistency between their words and their actions. Alternate translation: [Suppose someone says, “I love God,” but he hates his brother. Then he is a liar]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

καὶ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐάν τὶς εἴπῃ ὅτι Ἀγαπῶ τόν Θεόν καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῇ ψεύστης ἐστίν ὁ γάρ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ ὅν ἑώρακεν τόν Θεόν ὅν οὐχ ἑώρακεν οὒ δύναται ἀγαπᾶν)

John is using the word translated as and to introduce a contrast between what would be expected, that someone who loved God would also love his fellow believers, and what would actually be true of this hypothetical person. Alternate translation: [but]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐάν τὶς εἴπῃ ὅτι Ἀγαπῶ τόν Θεόν καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῇ ψεύστης ἐστίν ὁ γάρ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ ὅν ἑώρακεν τόν Θεόν ὅν οὐχ ἑώρακεν οὒ δύναται ἀγαπᾶν)

See how you translated his brother in [2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: [one of his fellow believers]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / doublenegatives

ὁ & μὴ ἀγαπῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ & τὸν Θεὸν & οὐ δύναται ἀγαπᾶν

the_‹one› & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐάν τὶς εἴπῃ ὅτι Ἀγαπῶ τόν Θεόν καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῇ ψεύστης ἐστίν ὁ γάρ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ ὅν ἑώρακεν τόν Θεόν ὅν οὐχ ἑώρακεν οὒ δύναται ἀγαπᾶν)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this double negative by translating it as a positive statement. Alternate translation: [only the person who loves his fellow believers … is able to love God]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὁ γὰρ μὴ ἀγαπῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, ὃν ἑώρακεν, τὸν Θεὸν, ὃν οὐχ ἑώρακεν, οὐ δύναται ἀγαπᾶν

the_‹one› (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐάν τὶς εἴπῃ ὅτι Ἀγαπῶ τόν Θεόν καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῇ ψεύστης ἐστίν ὁ γάρ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ ὅν ἑώρακεν τόν Θεόν ὅν οὐχ ἑώρακεν οὒ δύναται ἀγαπᾶν)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could state explicitly why this is true. Alternate translation: [This is true because it is much easier to love your fellow believer who is right in front of you than to love God, whom you could not even see.]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

4:7-21 John explains the source of a Christian’s love and its outworking.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. If
    2. -
    3. 14370
    4. S
    5. ean
    6. C-·······
    7. if
    8. if
    9. S
    10. Y90
    11. 153614
    1. anyone
    2. someone
    3. 51000
    5. tis
    6. R-····NMS
    7. anyone
    8. anyone
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153615
    1. may say
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-SAA3··S
    7. ˓may˒ say
    8. ˓may˒ say
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153616
    1. that
    2. -
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. ¬that
    8. ¬that
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153617
    1. I am loving
    2. -
    3. 250
    4. D
    5. agapaō
    6. V-IPA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ loving
    8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ loving
    9. D
    10. Y90
    11. 153618
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153619
    1. god
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y90; Person=God
    11. 153620
    1. and
    2. but
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153621
    1. may be hating
    2. -
    3. 34040
    5. miseō
    6. V-SPA3··S
    7. ˓may_be˒ hating
    8. ˓may_be˒ hating
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153625
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153622
    1. brother
    2. -
    3. 800
    5. adelfos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. brother
    8. brother
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153623
    1. of him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153624
    1. is
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153627
    1. +a liar
    2. -
    3. 55830
    5. pseustēs
    6. N-····NMS
    7. ˓a˒ liar
    8. ˓a˒ liar
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153626
    1. because/for
    2. because
    3. 10630
    5. gar
    6. C-·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153629
    1. the one
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····NMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153628
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 33610
    5. mē
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153630
    1. loving
    2. -
    3. 250
    5. agapaō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. loving
    8. loving
    9. -
    10. Y90; F153634; F153636; F153641; F153645
    11. 153631
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153632
    1. brother
    2. -
    3. 800
    5. adelfos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. brother
    8. brother
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153633
    1. of him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153634
    1. whom
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····AMS
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153635
    1. he has seen
    2. -
    3. 37080
    5. horaō
    6. V-IEA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    8. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153636
    1. is
    2. -
    3. 14100
    5. dunamai
    6. V-IPM3··S
    7. ˓is˒ able
    8. ˓is˒ able
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153644
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153642
    1. able
    2. -
    3. 14100
    5. dunamai
    6. V-IPM3··S
    7. ˓is˒ able
    8. ˓is˒ able
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153644
    1. to be loving
    2. -
    3. 250
    5. agapaō
    6. V-NPA····
    7. ˓to_be˒ loving
    8. ˓to_be˒ loving
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153645
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153637
    1. god
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y90; Person=God
    11. 153638
    1. whom
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····AMS
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153639
    1. he has
    2. -
    3. 37080
    5. horaō
    6. V-IEA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    8. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153641
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 153640
    1. seen
    2. -
    3. 37080
    5. horaō
    6. V-IEA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    8. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ seen
    9. -
    10. Y90; R153631
    11. 153641

OET (OET-LV) If anyone may_say, that I_am_loving the god, and may_be_hating the brother of_him, is a_liar, because/for the one not loving the brother of_him, whom he_has_seen, is_ not _able to_be_loving the god, whom he_has_ not _seen.

OET (OET-RV) Anyone who says that they are loving God but hates a fellow believer, that person is liar because if someone can’t love a fellow believer that they’ve seen, they can’t love God who they’ve never seen.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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