OET interlinear 1YHN (1JHN) 4:3

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

πᾶν πνεῦμα ὃ μὴ ὁμολογεῖ

every spirit that not /is/_confessing

See how you translated the similar expression in 4:2. Alternate translation: “every prophet who does not teach”

Note 2 topic: translate-textvariants

Ἰησοῦν

Jesus

See the discussion of textual issues at the end of the General Notes to this chapter to decide whether to follow the reading of ULT and say Jesus here or to follow the reading of some other manuscripts and say “Jesus Christ having come in the flesh.”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τὸν Ἰησοῦν

¬the Jesus

If you follow the variant reading “Jesus Christ having come in the flesh,” see how you translated that expression in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “that Jesus Christ had a real human body”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸν Ἰησοῦν

¬the Jesus

Even if you do not follow the reading of the textual variant here, you may wish to explain more fully what John means by Jesus in this context in order to make the implied information explicit for your readers. Alternate translation: “that Jesus Christ had a real human body”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ οὐκ ἔστιν

of ¬the God not is

See how you translated the similar expression in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “is not inspired by God” or, if your language does not use passive forms, “God is not inspiring,” placing that phrase before every spirit or “every prophet”

Note 6 topic: writing-pronouns

τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ τοῦ ἀντιχρίστου

this is the_‹spirit› ˱of˲_the false_messiah

The word this refers to every spirit that does not confess Jesus in the previous sentence and the word that here is a shorter way to say “the one” or “the spirit.” Alternate translation: “every spirit that does not confess Jesus is the spirit of the antichrist”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ τοῦ ἀντιχρίστου

this is the_‹spirit› ˱of˲_the false_messiah

Since that the word that means “the spirit,” see the discussion of the word “spirit” in the General Notes to this chapter. In this instance, John is referring to either: (1) the characteristic attitude of something, or (2) a supernatural being who inspires that attitude. Also see how you translated the term antichrist in 2:18. Alternate translation: “this is the false teaching that is opposed to Jesus”

Note 8 topic: writing-pronouns

ὃ ἀκηκόατε ὅτι ἔρχεται, καὶ νῦν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ ἐστὶν ἤδη

that which ˱you_all˲_/have/_heard that ˱it˲_/is/_coming and now in the world is already

The word which refers to the spirit of the antichrist, which was already in the world at the time when John wrote. It does not refer to the antichrist himself, who was not yet in the world. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “You have heard that this false teaching is coming, and it is now already circulating among people”

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ

in the world

John uses world to mean various things in this letter. Here, while it could possibly mean the literal earth (so this expression would mean “on this earth”), it more likely refers to the people living in the world. Alternate translation: “circulating among people”