Open Bible Data Home  About  News  OET Key

OET OET-RV OET-LV ULT UST BSB MSB BLB AICNT OEB WEBBE WMBB NET LSV FBV TCNT T4T LEB BBE Moff JPS Wymth ASV DRA YLT Drby RV SLT Wbstr KJB-1769 KJB-1611 Bshps Gnva Cvdl TNT Wycl SR-GNT UHB BrLXX BrTr Related Topics Parallel Interlinear Reference Dictionary Search

InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV

Ruth C1 C2 C3 C4

Ruth 1 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22

OET interlinear RUTH 1:12

← RUTH 1:12 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. שֹׁבְנָה
    2. 179352
    3. Go back
    4. -
    5. 7725
    6. V-Vqv2fp
    7. go_back
    8. S
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123961
    1. בְנֹתַ,י
    2. 179353,179354
    3. my daughters of my
    4. daughters
    5. 1323
    6. S-Ncfpc,Sp1cs
    7. my_daughters_of,my
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123962
    1. לֵכְןָ
    2. 179355
    3. go
    4. -
    5. 3212
    6. V-Vqv2fp
    7. go
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123963
    1. כִּי
    2. 179356
    3. if/because
    4. because
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123964
    1. זָקַנְתִּי
    2. 179357
    3. I am too old
    4. -
    5. 2204
    6. V-Vqp1cs
    7. I_am_[too]_old
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123965
    1. מִ,הְיוֹת
    2. 179358,179359
    3. for belonging
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    7. for,belonging
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123966
    1. לְ,אִישׁ
    2. 179360,179361
    3. to a husband
    4. -
    5. 376
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    7. to,a_husband
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123967
    1. כִּי
    2. 179362
    3. if/because
    4. -
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123968
    1. אָמַרְתִּי
    2. 179363
    3. I said
    4. -
    5. 559
    6. V-Vqp1cs
    7. I_said
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123969
    1. יֶשׁ
    2. 179364
    3. there +is
    4. -
    5. 3426
    6. P-Tm
    7. there_[is]
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123970
    2. 179365
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 123971
    1. לִ,י
    2. 179366,179367
    3. to me
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp1cs
    7. to=me
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123972
    1. תִקְוָה
    2. 179368
    3. hope
    4. -
    6. S-Ncfsa
    7. hope
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123973
    1. גַּם
    2. 179369
    3. also
    4. -
    5. 1571
    6. S-Ta
    7. also
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123974
    1. הָיִיתִי
    2. 179370
    3. I belonged
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. V-Vqp1cs
    7. I_belonged
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123975
    1. הַ,לַּיְלָה
    2. 179371,179372
    3. the night
    4. -
    5. 3915
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    7. the=night
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123976
    1. לְ,אִישׁ
    2. 179373,179374
    3. to a husband
    4. -
    5. 376
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    7. to,a_husband
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123977
    1. וְ,גַם
    2. 179375,179376
    3. and also
    4. -
    5. 1571
    6. S-C,Ta
    7. and=also
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123978
    1. יָלַדְתִּי
    2. 179377
    3. I bore
    4. -
    5. 3205
    6. V-Vqp1cs
    7. I_bore
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123979
    1. בָנִים
    2. 179378
    3. sons
    4. sons
    6. O-Ncmpa
    7. sons
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123980
    2. 179379
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 123981

OET (OET-LV) Go_back my_daughters_of_my go if/because I_am_too_old for_belonging to_a_husband if/because I_said there_is to_me hope also I_belonged the_night to_a_husband and_also I_bore sons.

OET (OET-RV) Go on back, my daughters, because I’m too old to remarry. Even if I did hope for that and got married tonight and had some sons,

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:6–22: Naomi returned to Bethlehem with Ruth

This section talks about the next main event of the story, which is Naomi’s return to Bethlehem, accompanied by her daughter-in-law, Ruth.

Many scholars agree that verses 1:7–21 describe this event in detail, and that verse 1:22 is the closing verse of this section, which summarizes the event.

However, scholars do not agree about the function of verse 1:6. Some scholars believe that verse 1:6 is a summary introduction. It says that Naomi arose (she and her daughters-in-law) and returned from the region of Moab. Thus, this section begins and ends with a summary description of the main event.NICOT (pages 99–100 ): The common Hebrew idiom qûm plus a verb of motion (šûḇ) also signals the start of the story’s main action: Then she…returned. Structurally, the idiom is a summary-introduction to the following events (vv. 7–21) and forms an inclusio with the chapter’s summary-conclusion (cf. wattāšāḇ, v. 22). Further, it sounds the chapter’s main theme, namely, the return of Naomi.

Some other scholars do not believe that verse 1:6 is a summary introduction. Rather 1:6 describes the first part of the action. It says that she arose (she and her daughters-in-law) and prepared to return from the region of Moab.

The majority of versions follow the second suggestion. However, the first suggestion follows a pattern that is also in some other Hebrew narratives. An event is introduced by a summary statement, and the verses after it describe that event in detail.For example: Genesis 1:1 introduces the creation account of 1:2–31. Genesis 6:7 introduces the flood account of Genesis 6–9. Ruth 1:1–2 introduces the first section in Ruth 1:3–5. See the Note on 1:6b for more information.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Naomi and Ruth Return to Bethlehem (NIV)

Naomi and Ruth Return (NLT)

Departure from Moab (GW)

1:12a

Return home, my daughters. Go on, for I am too old to have another husband.

Return home, my daughters: Naomi repeated almost the same words that she used in verse 11. In the Hebrew text, she added another command, “go.” This emphasized what she was saying.

for I am too old to have another husband: Naomi added another point to her argument. Not only was she too old to bear more children, but she was also too old to be married again.

Here are some other ways to translate this verse part:

You must go back home, because I am too old to marry again. (CEV)

Go, because I am too old to get married again. (GW)

1:12b–c

Verse 12b–c consists of two parallel clauses. Both clauses are conditions that are not true.

1:12b

Even if I thought there was hope for me

Even if I thought there was hope for me: This clause states a condition that is not true. The word hope refers to the hope that Naomi could get married again and bear more children. It may be helpful to include that implicit information here. For example:

Even if I thought that there was still hope for me to have more sons

1:12c

to have a husband tonight

to have a husband tonight and to bear sons: This clause states a second condition that is not true. It was not possible that Naomi could get married that night.

Here are some other ways to translate this verse part:

Even if I got married tonight and later had more sons (CEV)

Suppose I married a man tonight. Suppose that later I gave birth to his sons (NIRV)

even if I got married today and became pregnant tonight and later gave birth to sons (T4T)

1:12d

and to bear sons,

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

זָקַ֖נְתִּי מִ⁠הְי֣וֹת לְ⁠אִ֑ישׁ

old for,belonging to,a_husband

The implication is that Naomi cannot again marry and provide them with husbands. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [I am too old to marry again and bear more children]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

כִּ֤י אָמַ֨רְתִּי֙ יֶשׁ־לִ֣⁠י תִקְוָ֔ה גַּ֣ם הָיִ֤יתִי הַ⁠לַּ֨יְלָה֙ לְ⁠אִ֔ישׁ וְ⁠גַ֖ם יָלַ֥דְתִּי בָנִֽים

that/for/because/then/when thought there_was to=me hope also/yet have the=night to,a_husband and=also bear children

This rhetorical question begins here and continues into the next verse. Naomi uses this question to emphasize that she cannot provide other sons for them to marry. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: [Even if it were possible that I could expect to marry right away and also give birth to sons right away]

יָלַ֥דְתִּי בָנִֽים

bear children

Alternate translation: [I were to bear sons] or [I were to deliver baby boys]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Go back
    2. -
    3. 7951
    5. 179352
    6. V-Vqv2fp
    8. S
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123961
    1. my daughters of my
    2. daughters
    3. 1143,1978
    5. 179353,179354
    6. S-Ncfpc,Sp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123962
    1. go
    2. -
    3. 1984
    5. 179355
    6. V-Vqv2fp
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123963
    1. if/because
    2. because
    3. 3482
    5. 179356
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123964
    1. I am too old
    2. -
    3. 2133
    5. 179357
    6. V-Vqp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123965
    1. for belonging
    2. -
    3. 4129,1929
    5. 179358,179359
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123966
    1. to a husband
    2. -
    3. 3705,266
    5. 179360,179361
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123967
    1. if/because
    2. -
    3. 3482
    5. 179362
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123968
    1. I said
    2. -
    3. 683
    5. 179363
    6. V-Vqp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123969
    1. there +is
    2. -
    3. 3093
    5. 179364
    6. P-Tm
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123970
    1. to me
    2. -
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 179366,179367
    6. S-R,Sp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123972
    1. hope
    2. -
    3. 8249
    5. 179368
    6. S-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123973
    1. also
    2. -
    3. 1471
    5. 179369
    6. S-Ta
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123974
    1. I belonged
    2. -
    3. 1929
    5. 179370
    6. V-Vqp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123975
    1. the night
    2. -
    3. 1893,3780
    5. 179371,179372
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123976
    1. to a husband
    2. -
    3. 3705,266
    5. 179373,179374
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123977
    1. and also
    2. -
    3. 1987,1471
    5. 179375,179376
    6. S-C,Ta
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123978
    1. I bore
    2. -
    3. 3233
    5. 179377
    6. V-Vqp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123979
    1. sons
    2. sons
    3. 1043
    5. 179378
    6. O-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 123980

OET (OET-LV) Go_back my_daughters_of_my go if/because I_am_too_old for_belonging to_a_husband if/because I_said there_is to_me hope also I_belonged the_night to_a_husband and_also I_bore sons.

OET (OET-RV) Go on back, my daughters, because I’m too old to remarry. Even if I did hope for that and got married tonight and had some sons,

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

← RUTH 1:12 ↑ → ► ║ ©