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Ruth C1 C2 C3 C4

Ruth 1 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V19 V20 V21 V22

OET interlinear RUTH 1:18

← RUTH 1:18 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,תֵּרֶא
    2. 179518,179519
    3. And she/it saw
    4. When saw
    5. 7200
    6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
    7. and=she/it_saw
    8. S
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124076
    1. כִּי
    2. 179520
    3. if/because that
    4. -
    6. O-C
    7. if/because_that
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124077
    2. 179521
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124078
    1. מִתְאַמֶּצֶת
    2. 179522
    3. +was determined
    4. determined
    5. 553
    6. V-Vtrfsa
    7. [was]_determined
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124079
    1. הִיא
    2. 179523
    3. she
    4. she
    5. 1931
    6. S-Pp3fs
    7. she
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124080
    1. לָ,לֶכֶת
    2. 179524,179525
    3. to go
    4. go
    5. 3212
    6. OV-R,Vqc
    7. to=go
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124081
    1. אִתָּ,הּ
    2. 179526,179527
    3. with her
    4. -
    5. 854
    6. O-R,Sp3fs
    7. with,her
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124082
    1. וַ,תֶּחְדַּל
    2. 179528,179529
    3. and she ceased
    4. -
    5. 2308
    6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
    7. and,she_ceased
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124083
    1. לְ,דַבֵּר
    2. 179530,179531
    3. to speak
    4. -
    5. 1696
    6. SV-R,Vpc
    7. to,speak
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124084
    1. אֵלֶֽי,הָ
    2. 179532,179533
    3. to her
    4. -
    5. 413
    6. S-R,Sp3fs
    7. to,her
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124085
    2. 179534
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124086

OET (OET-LV) And_she/it_saw if/because_that was_determined she to_go with_her and_she_ceased to_speak to_her.

OET (OET-RV) When Naomi saw that Ruth was determined to go with her, she didn’t say any more.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:6–22: Naomi returned to Bethlehem with Ruth

This section talks about the next main event of the story, which is Naomi’s return to Bethlehem, accompanied by her daughter-in-law, Ruth.

Many scholars agree that verses 1:7–21 describe this event in detail, and that verse 1:22 is the closing verse of this section, which summarizes the event.

However, scholars do not agree about the function of verse 1:6. Some scholars believe that verse 1:6 is a summary introduction. It says that Naomi arose (she and her daughters-in-law) and returned from the region of Moab. Thus, this section begins and ends with a summary description of the main event.NICOT (pages 99–100 ): The common Hebrew idiom qûm plus a verb of motion (šûḇ) also signals the start of the story’s main action: Then she…returned. Structurally, the idiom is a summary-introduction to the following events (vv. 7–21) and forms an inclusio with the chapter’s summary-conclusion (cf. wattāšāḇ, v. 22). Further, it sounds the chapter’s main theme, namely, the return of Naomi.

Some other scholars do not believe that verse 1:6 is a summary introduction. Rather 1:6 describes the first part of the action. It says that she arose (she and her daughters-in-law) and prepared to return from the region of Moab.

The majority of versions follow the second suggestion. However, the first suggestion follows a pattern that is also in some other Hebrew narratives. An event is introduced by a summary statement, and the verses after it describe that event in detail.For example: Genesis 1:1 introduces the creation account of 1:2–31. Genesis 6:7 introduces the flood account of Genesis 6–9. Ruth 1:1–2 introduces the first section in Ruth 1:3–5. See the Note on 1:6b for more information.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Naomi and Ruth Return to Bethlehem (NIV)

Naomi and Ruth Return (NLT)

Departure from Moab (GW)

Paragraph 1:16–18

Ruth’s answer in verses 16–17 is in the form of parallel lines. Poetry in Hebrew consists of parallel lines. In these verses, the same meaning is stated twice in a similar way. It is recommended that you keep the form of the lines parallel if it is possible.

1:18a

When Naomi saw that Ruth was determined to go with her,

When Naomi saw that Ruth was determined to go with her: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as was determined indicates that Ruth had made a firm decision to go with Naomi.

Here are some other ways to translate this verse part:

When Naomi saw that Ruth had made up her mind to go with her CEV)

Naomi saw that Ruth wanted very much to go with her. (ERV)

Then Naomi understood that Ruth would not agree to return to her own country. (EASY)

1:18b

she stopped trying to persuade her.

she stopped trying to persuade her: Naomi stopped telling Ruth to return home. She did this because she knew that Ruth was determined to go with her.

Here are some other ways to translate this verse part:

she stopped urging her to go back (CEV)

So Naomi stopped arguing with her. (ERV)

So she stopped saying that Ruth should leave her. (EASY)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

וַ⁠תֶּחְדַּ֖ל לְ⁠דַבֵּ֥ר אֵלֶֽי⁠הָ

and,she_ceased to,speak to,her

This phrase expresses the result of the previous phrase. You may want to indicate this by using a connector that introduces a result. Alternate translation: [so she refrained from speaking to her further]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / pronouns

וַ⁠תֶּחְדַּ֖ל לְ⁠דַבֵּ֥ר אֵלֶֽי⁠הָ

and,she_ceased to,speak to,her

In this phrase, she refers to Naomi, and her refers to Ruth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use their names here. Also, this does not mean that Naomi was angry with Ruth or that she no longer spoke to her at all. It only means that she stopped trying to persuade Ruth to leave her. Alternate translation: [so Naomi stopped trying to persuade Ruth]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And she/it saw
    2. When saw
    3. 1987,7240
    5. 179518,179519
    6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
    8. S
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124076
    1. if/because that
    2. -
    3. 3482
    5. 179520
    6. O-C
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124077
    1. +was determined
    2. determined
    3. 680
    5. 179522
    6. V-Vtrfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124079
    1. she
    2. she
    3. 1855
    5. 179523
    6. S-Pp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124080
    1. to go
    2. go
    3. 3705,1984
    5. 179524,179525
    6. OV-R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124081
    1. with her
    2. -
    3. 347,1978
    5. 179526,179527
    6. O-R,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124082
    1. and she ceased
    2. -
    3. 1987,2524
    5. 179528,179529
    6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124083
    1. to speak
    2. -
    3. 3705,1609
    5. 179530,179531
    6. SV-R,Vpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124084
    1. to her
    2. -
    3. 369,1978
    5. 179532,179533
    6. S-R,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1308
    10. 124085

OET (OET-LV) And_she/it_saw if/because_that was_determined she to_go with_her and_she_ceased to_speak to_her.

OET (OET-RV) When Naomi saw that Ruth was determined to go with her, she didn’t say any more.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

← RUTH 1:18 ↑ → ► ║ ©