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UTN uW Translation Notes:

Hosea 3 Chapter Introduction

Structure and Formatting

1. Hosea redeems and restores his wife (1–3)2. Israel will experience discipline before restoration (4–5)

Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter

Ancient measurements

The purchase price in verse 2 includes 15 shekels of silver, a homer of barley, and a lethek of barley. These are ancient units of currency and dry measure that translators may need to handle with footnotes or culturally appropriate equivalents.

Legitimate and illegitimate practices

The list in verse 4 includes both legitimate Israelite institutions such as “sacrifice” and “ephod” as well as items associated with idolatry such as “pillar” and “teraphim.” Israel will lose access to both proper worship and false worship during the period of deprivation.

Translation Issues in This Chapter

“David their king”

In verse 5, “David their king” uses David’s name as a metonymy for a future Davidic ruler, not David himself.