HOS 3:5 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, blue:Elohim, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐπιστρέψουσιν οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐπιζητήσουσι Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν αὐτῶν, καὶ Δαυὶδ τὸν βασιλέα αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐκστήσονται ἐπὶ τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς αὐτοῦ ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων τῶν ἡμερῶν.
(Kai meta tauta epistrepsousin hoi huioi Israaʸl, kai epizaʸtaʸsousi Kurion ton Theon autōn, kai Dawid ton basilea autōn, kai ekstaʸsontai epi tōi Kuriōi, kai epi tois agathois autou epʼ esⱪatōn tōn haʸmerōn. )

BrTr And afterward shall the children of Israel return, and shall seek the Lord their God, and David their king; and shall be amazed at the Lord and at his goodness in the latter days.

ULT Afterward the sons of Israel will return and seek Yahweh their God and David their king, and in the last days, they will come trembling to Yahweh and to his goodness.

UST After some time, the people of Israel will return to Yahweh; they will hope that he will receive them back. They will hope to have a descendant of David for their king again. In the later time, they will come to Yahweh to honor him and tremble before him because of his goodness to them.

OEB Yet afterward the Israelites will return, and seek the Lord their God and their Davidic king, and in the days to come they will turn with awe to the Lord and his goodness.

WEBBE Afterward the children of Israel shall return and seek the LORD their God, and David their king, and shall come with trembling to the LORD and to his blessings in the last days.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET Afterward, the Israelites will turn and seek the Lord their God and their Davidic king. Then they will submit to the Lord in fear and receive his blessings in the future.

LSV Afterward the sons of Israel have turned back, and sought their God YHWH, and David their king, and have hurried to YHWH, and to His goodness, in the latter end of the days.

FBV After this, the people of Israel will return and dedicate themselves to the Lord their God and to the line of David their king. In the last days they will come with awe and reverence for the Lord and his goodness.

T4T But later, the people of Israel will return to Yahweh their God and be guided by him and by a king who is a descendant of King David. In the last/future days they will come to Yahweh, revering him and trembling in his presence, and he will bless them.

LEB • Afterward the children of Israel will return and seek Yahweh their God and David their king.
• They will come in fear to Yahweh
• and to his goodness at the end of days.

BBE And after that, the children of Israel will come back and go in search of the Lord their God and David their king; and they will come in fear to the Lord and to his mercies in the days to come.

Moff after that, the Israelites shall turn to seek the Eternal their God once more, and their Davidic king, and at the end come eagerly to the Eternal and his goodness.

JPS afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek the LORD their God, and David their king; and shall come trembling unto the LORD and to His goodness in the end of days.

ASV afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek Jehovah their God, and David their king, and shall come with fear unto Jehovah and to his goodness in the latter days.

DRA And after this the children of Israel shall return, and shall seek the Lord their God, and David their king: and they shall fear the Lord, and his goodness in the last days.

YLT Afterwards turned back have the sons of Israel, and sought Jehovah their God, and David their king, and have hastened unto Jehovah, and unto His goodness, in the latter end of the days.

Drby Afterwards shall the children of Israel return, and seek Jehovah their [fn]God, and David their king; and shall turn with fear toward Jehovah and toward his goodness, at the end of the days.

3.5 Elohim

RV afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek the LORD their God, and David their king; and shall come with fear unto the LORD and to his goodness in the latter days.

SLT Afterward the sons of Israel shall turn back and they sought Jehovah their God, and David their king; and they trembled at Jehovah and at his goodness in the last of the days.

Wbstr Afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek the LORD their God, and David their king; and shall fear the LORD and his goodness in the latter days.

KJB-1769 Afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek the LORD their God, and David their king; and shall fear the LORD and his goodness in the latter days.

KJB-1611 Afterward shall the children of Israel returne, and seeke the LORD their God, and Dauid their King, and shall feare the LORD, and his goodnesse in the latter dayes.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation and punctuation)

Bshps But afterward the chyldren of Israel shalbe conuerted and seeke the Lord their God, and Dauid their kyng, and in the latter dayes they shall worship the Lorde, and his louing kindnesse.
(But afterward the children of Israel shall be converted and seek the Lord their God, and David their king, and in the latter days they shall worship the Lord, and his loving-kindness.)

Gnva Afterward shall the children of Israel conuert, and seeke the Lord their God, and Dauid their King, and shall feare the Lord, and his goodnes in the latter dayes.
(Afterward shall the children of Israel convert, and seek the Lord their God, and David their King, and shall fear the Lord, and his goodness in the latter days. )

Cvdl But afterwarde shal the children of Israel conuerte, and seke the LORDE their God, and Dauid their kinge: and in ye latter dayes they shal worshipe the LORDE, and his louynge kyndnesse.
(But afterward shall the children of Israel convert, and seek the LORD their God, and David their king: and in ye/you_all latter days they shall worship the LORD, and his loving-kindness.)

Wycl And after these thingis the sones of Israel schulen turne ayen, and schulen seke her Lord God, and Dauid, her king; and thei schulen drede at the Lord, and at the good of him, in the laste of daies.
(And after these things the sons of Israel should turn again, and should seek her Lord God, and David, her king; and they should dread at the Lord, and at the good of him, in the last of days.)

Luth Danach werden sich die Kinder Israel bekehren und den HErr’s, ihren GOtt, und ihren König David suchen und werden den HErr’s und seine Gnade ehren in der letzten Zeit.
(Thereafter/Then become itself/yourself/themselves the children Israel convert and the LORD’s, your(pl) God, and your(pl) king David search_for and become the LORD’s and his grace honour(v) in the/of_the last time/period.)

ClVg Et post hæc revertentur filii Israël, et quærent Dominum Deum suum, et David regem suum: et pavebunt ad Dominum, et ad bonum ejus, in novissimo dierum.
(And after these_things revertentur children Israel, and whichrent the_Master God his_own, and David the_king his_own: and pavebunt to the_Master, and to good his, in/into/on the_last days. )

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 3:1–5: Hosea redeemed Gomer as the LORD will redeem Israel

In this section, the LORD commanded Hosea to take Gomer back as his wife. This probably occurred later in their marriage after Gomer had left Hosea and became an adulteress.There are two main views about how the events of chapters 1 and 2 relate to those of chapter 3. One view is that the events described in chapter 3 follow those described in chapters 1 and 2. (This is the view taken by this Translators Notes publication.) Another view is that in chapter 3, Hosea is describing most of the same events but from a different perspective and for a different purpose. Once more Hosea communicated the LORD’s message by his action as well as his words. His action was an illustration of the LORD’s unfailing love for the nation of Israel. Israel had been unfaithful to the LORD and had been worshiping other gods. In the same way, Gomer had been unfaithful to Hosea and had left him for other lovers. And just as Hosea was commanded to take Gomer back as his wife, so the LORD planned to restore Israel to himself.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

An Illustration of God’s Love for Idolatrous Israel (NET)

Hosea Redeems His Wife (ESV)

Hosea’s Reconciliation With His Wife (NIV)

Paragraph 3:4–5

In this paragraph, Hosea’s words predicted that the LORD will judge/punish the nation of Israel (3:4). But after the LORD punishes them, they will seek him again (3:5).

Verse 4 gives details of the LORD’s punishment. He will punish Israel by keeping them from having three things: its own government, worship, and supernatural guidance. These things are arranged in three pairs. In Hebrew, the first five items in these pairs are introduced with a negative existential “there is no/not” (“without” in English versions):Lange (page 47) and Davies (page 103) think that both “ephod” and “idols” may have represented idols that were used in pagan worship. McComiskey (page 53) says that Hosea may have omitted the word “without” before “idols” to indicate that Israel’s syncretistic religion was actually totally pagan. Macintosh (pages 106–107) also comments on the close association of these two terms, but concludes that the Israelites used the ephod in the context of the idolatrous cult to consult Yahweh. Wood (page 138) and Pusey (page 43) both make a distinction between the ephod, used by the high priest to consult Yahweh, and the idols (teraphim) used to consult pagan deities. Hubbard (page 93) also associates the ephod with the high priestly garment that contained the Urim and Thummim used to obtain guidance from Yahweh. Of the English versions used in TN, only the NJPS and KJV follow the Hebrew repetition of the word “without.”

^4a without king and without prince

^4b without sacrifice and without pillar

^4c without ephod and idols

3:5a

Afterward, the people of Israel will return and seek the LORD their God and David their king.

When that time has ended, the Israelites will again turn to Yahweh who is their God and to a descendant of David their king.
But afterwards, the people of Israel will repent of their idolatry and they will again worship/serve Yahweh their God. They will also worship/serve a descendant of David their king.

Afterward: This word refers to a future time after the “many days” referred to in 3:4a.

Here are some other ways to translate this word:

But the time will come when… (GNT)

But later (CEV)

the people of Israel will return and seek the LORD their God: In Hebrew, the phrase return and seek is literally “will turn…and will seek.” This combination of phrases probably means “they will again seek.”Macintosh (page 108) and Andersen and Freedman pages (306–307). It means that they will turn their hearts again to the LORD in order to follow or worship him.

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

will once again turn to the Lord their God (GNT)

will return to the Lord their God and follow him (NCV)

will again worship and serve the LORD their God

Be careful not to translate seek in a way that implies that God is lost and they are not able to find him.

and David their king: This phrase does not refer to David himself, but to one of David’s descendants. This descendant would be king over a united Israel and Judah as David was.Stuart (page 68). In many languages, it will be helpful to make explicit that this phrase refers to a descendant of David. For example:

and to a descendant of David their king (GNT)

3:5b

They will come trembling to the LORD and to His goodness in the last days.

At that future time, they will feel/have awe/reverence for Yahweh, and he will bless them with good gifts.
They will tremble with fear and respect for Yahweh, and he will be good to them.

They will come trembling to the LORD: In Hebrew, this clause means here that the people will feel awe and reverence for the LORD.Andersen and Freedman (page 308) understand this term to refer to “admiration and appreciation,” and Davies (page 105) defines it as “thankful exhilaration.” Their comments support the NJPS rendering “they will thrill over the Lord.” However, TWOT, NIDOTTE, McComiskey, Macintosh, Hubbard, Lange, and Pusey all support the renderings found in every other English version used in TN. These versions all use words or phrases that emphasize fear, trembling, awe, and reverence.

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

they will tremble in awe of the Lord (NLT)

turn with reverence to the Lord (REB)

they will submit to the Lord in fear (NET)

and to His goodness: This probably refers to the good things that the LORD promised to give the Israelites when they returned to him.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

and he will be good to them (CEV)

and will receive his good gifts (GNT)

and he will bless them (NCV)

in the last days: This phrase is parallel to the word “Afterward” in 3:5a. It probably refers to an indefinite time in the future when the LORD has finished judging the people of Israel.Andersen and Freedman (page 309) and Hubbard (page 95). It probably does not refer here to the time at the end of the world.

Here are some different ways to express this period of time:

in the days to come (NJPS)

in the future (NET)

General Comment on 3:5a–b

The word “Afterward” in 3:5a and the phrase “in the last days” in 3:5b are parallel. In some languages, it may be more natural to make explicit that these time phrases refer to the same period of time. For example:

But the time will come…Then (GNT)

But later…At that time (CEV)

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine and/or reorder these phrases into one phrase. For example:

But when that time has ended, the Israelites will turn again to the LORD their God…They will tremble with awe…

In Division 1:2–3:5, Hosea’s relationship with his unfaithful wife, Gomer, was used as an illustration of the relationship between the LORD and Israel. In Division 4:1–10:15, Israel’s spiritual unfaithfulness continues to be described figuratively as prostitution. But the relationship between Hosea and Gomer is not mentioned again. These chapters describe the LORD’s response to his people’s unfaithfulness. The LORD condemned Israel and announced his plans to punish them. He also expressed his disappointment at their refusal to repent.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

(Occurrence 0) seek Yahweh their God

(Some words not found in UHB: after return sons_of Yisrael and,they_will_seek DOM YHWH God_of,their and=DOM Dāvid king_of,their and,they_will_be_in_dread to/towards YHWH and=near/to goodness_of,his in=end/latter the=days )

Here “seek” means they are asking God to accept them and their worship.

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

(Occurrence 0) David their king

Here “David” represents all the descendants of David. Alternate translation: “a descendant of David to be their king”

(Occurrence 0) in the last days

Alternate translation: “in the future”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

(Occurrence 0) they will come trembling before Yahweh and his goodness

Here “trembling” represents feelings of awe and humility. Alternate translation: “they will come back to Yahweh and will humble themselves, honor him, and ask for his blessings”

Parallel HOS 3:5

Section 3:1–5: Hosea redeemed Gomer as the LORD will redeem Israel

Paragraph 3:4–5

3:5a

3:5b

General Comment on 3:5a–b