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Hos 11 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V11 V12

OET interlinear HOS 11:10

◄ ← HOS 11:10 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. אַחֲרֵי
    2. 523594
    3. After
    4. -
    6. S-R
    7. after
    8. S
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365944
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 523595
    3. YHWH
    4. Yahweh
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365945
    1. יֵלְכוּ
    2. 523596
    3. they will walk
    4. -
    5. 3212
    6. V-Vqi3mp
    7. they_will_walk
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365946
    1. כְּ,אַרְיֵה
    2. 523597,523598
    3. like a lion
    4. lion
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    7. like,a_lion
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365947
    1. יִשְׁאָג
    2. 523599
    3. he will roar
    4. -
    5. 7580
    6. V-Vqi3ms
    7. he_will_roar
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365948
    1. כִּי
    2. 523600
    3. if/because
    4. -
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365949
    2. 523601
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 365950
    1. הוּא
    2. 523602
    3. he
    4. -
    5. 1931
    6. S-Pp3ms
    7. he
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365951
    1. יִשְׁאַג
    2. 523603
    3. he will roar
    4. -
    5. 7580
    6. V-Vqi3ms
    7. he_will_roar
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365952
    1. וְ,יֶחֶרְדוּ
    2. 523604,523605
    3. and they will tremble
    4. come trembling
    5. 2729
    6. SV-C,Vqi3mp
    7. and,they_will_tremble
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365953
    1. בָנִים
    2. 523606
    3. children
    4. children
    6. S-Ncmpa
    7. children
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365954
    1. מִ,יָּם
    2. 523607,523608
    3. from +the west
    4. -
    5. 3220
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    7. from_[the],west
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365955
    2. 523609
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 365956

OET (OET-LV) After YHWH they_will_walk like_a_lion he_will_roar if/because he he_will_roar and_ children _they_will_tremble from_the_west.

OET (OET-RV)  ⇔ They’ll decide to follow Yahweh—he’ll roar like a lion.
 ⇔ When he roars, his children will come trembling from the west.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 11:1–11 The LORD’s love for his people

This section refers back to Israel’s history, as do Section 9:10–17 and Section 10:1–8. In all three sections, the LORD describes the joyful beginning of his relationship with the people of Israel and their response of betrayal against him. The earlier sections focus more on the LORD’s punishment. The people will be taken into exile. This section focuses more on his love.

The LORD speaks of his love for Israel in the past (11:1–4), warns them of their future exile and destruction (11:5–7), and assures them that in the future he will turn from his anger and show them compassion. Because of his love for them, he promises that he will bring the people back to the land of Israel (11:8–11).

Here are some other examples of section headings:

The Lord’s Love for Israel (ESV)

Israel Is Like a Bad Son (GW)

Throughout this section, the LORD is the speaker. When he refers to himself, he uses first person pronouns (“I/me/my”) except for verse 10, which has “Yahweh” and “he.” When he refers to the people or nation of Israel, he uses “Ephraim,” “they/them,” or “he/it.” The only exceptions are in 11:8–9. There the LORD uses the pronoun “you(sg)” to speak directly to Ephraim and to Judah.

Paragraph 11:8–11

This paragraph contrasts with the previous one. The previous paragraph promises that the nation of Israel will be taken into exile in Assyria. This paragraph tells about the time after that exile. In these verses, the LORD promises that he will not completely destroy them. Rather, in the future he will bring them back to their land.McComiskey (page 191).

11:10a–b

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:The structure of verse 10 is a chiasm:A: They will walk after the LORD B: He will roar like a lion. B’: When He roarsA’ His children will come trembling from the west.

10a They will walk after the LORD; He will roar like a lion.

10b When He roars, His children will come trembling from the west.

11:10a

They will walk after the LORD; He will roar like a lion.

They will walk after the LORD: This expression means that the people will obey the LORD. It implies that they will be faithful and loyal to him instead of worshiping idols.Keil (pages 92, 93), Stuart (page 182) and Davies (page 264).

He will roar like a lion: This line is a figure of speech (simile) that compares the action of the LORD calling his people to a lion roaring. The simile means that the LORD will summon/command his people to leave the foreign lands where they live to return to Israel. The comparison to a lion’s roar may imply that the summons is irresistible.McComiskey (page 195) and Macintosh (page 470).

Chronologically, the lion’s roar will happen before the people follow. In some languages it may be more natural to reverse the order of these two clauses. For example:

He will roar like a lion, and they will follow the Lord. (NET)

lion: The Hebrew word refers to an African lion with a large mane. The lion represents authority and majesty.Stuart (page 182).

11:10b

When He roars, His children will come trembling from the west.

When He roars: There are two main interpretations of the function of the Hebrew word that the BSB translates as When:

  1. It indicates time. For example:

    when he roars (NRSV) (BSB, ESV, GNT, GW, KJV, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. It indicates emphasis. For example:

    Yea, he will roar (RSV) (NASB, RSV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) along with most versions.

His children will come trembling from the west: This clause is more literally “and they will tremble children from [the] west.” It describes the result of the roar of the LORD.

His children: The pronoun His is not in the Hebrew text, but it is implied from the context. The pronoun is supplied in the BSB and in many other versions.

The Hebrew word means either “sons” or children, both male and female. Here the word may refer specifically to future descendants of the Israelites.Andersen and Freedman (page 592). It could also refer more generally to the people of Israel, both adults and children.Davies (page 265). Either understanding is acceptable.

Some versions make the second understanding explicit. For example:

my people will return trembling from the west (NLT)

will come trembling: There are two main interpretations of the Hebrew word that the BSB translates as trembling:

  1. It means “tremble” or “shake.”TWOT (#735) suggests that the root meaning is “to shake,” and that the phrase, come trembling in Hos 11:10–11 probably emphasizes bird-like movements. For example:

    and his sons shall come trembling from the west (RSV) (BSB, CEV, ESV, GW, KJV, NASB, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, RSV)

  2. It means “quickly.”HALOT (electronic edition, page 350) 2. For example:

    They will hurry to me from the west. (GNT) (GNT, NCV, REB)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). It is supported by most versions, Hebrew lexicons, and commentaries.Commentaries that concur include: Andersen and Freedman, Davies, Dearman, Hubbard, Keil, Kidner, Macintosh, McComiskey and Wood.

The reference to trembling in this context can be translated in any of the following ways:

In Hebrew, the phrase will come trembling is more literally “and they will tremble.” The word come is not in the Hebrew text. It is supplied in the BSB and in many other versions. The meaning come is considered to be implied because of the following phrase “from the west.”According to a NET footnote, when the verb haraḏ “to tremble” is used with prepositions of direction, it denotes “to go or come trembling.” Also McComiskey (page 195) and Macintosh (page 466).

from the west: This phrase describes one of the directions from which the children come. The Hebrew word for west is literally “sea.” This word designates the coastlands and islands of the Mediterranean Sea. Since the Mediterranean is west of Israel, the Hebrew word “sea” is also the word for west.McComiskey (page 195).

This phrase implies that some of the people of Israel have relocated to the lands west of Israel.

General Comment on 11:10

In 11:10, the LORD continues to speak.Andersen and Freedman (page 591) and McComiskey (page 195). However, there is a change from first person pronouns that refer to the LORD, such as “I” and “my,” to third person pronouns, such as “he” and “his.” This kind of change is typical of Hosea’s writing style.

In some languages, this change of pronouns may sound awkward and unnatural. If this is true in your language, you can continue to use first person pronouns here. For example:

My people will follow me when I roar like a lion at their enemies. They will hurry to me from the west. (GNT)

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine some of the parallel parts. For example:

I, the LORD, will roar like a lion, and my children will return, trembling from the west. (CEV)

uW Translation Notes:

General Information:

Yahweh is speaking about when he will restore his people.

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

(Occurrence 0) They will follow Yahweh

(Some words not found in UHB: after YHWH go like,a_lion roar that/for/because/then/when he/it roars and,they_will_tremble children from_[the],west )

Worshiping and honoring Yahweh is spoken of as if it were following him

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

(Occurrence 0) he will roar like a lion

(Some words not found in UHB: after YHWH go like,a_lion roar that/for/because/then/when he/it roars and,they_will_tremble children from_[the],west )

Yahweh making it possible for his people to return to his land is spoken of as if he were calling to his people.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

11:1-11 God agonized over Israel’s unfaithfulness. Despite all he had done, Israel had become a rebel. Justice required severe punishment, but the final sentence for Israel would be determined by God’s tender compassion for his people, not by an abstract principle.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. After
    2. -
    3. 496
    5. 523594
    6. S-R
    8. S
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365944
    1. YHWH
    2. Yahweh
    3. 3354
    5. 523595
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365945
    1. they will walk
    2. -
    3. 1984
    5. 523596
    6. V-Vqi3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365946
    1. like a lion
    2. lion
    3. 3418,566
    5. 523597,523598
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365947
    1. he will roar
    2. -
    3. 7754
    5. 523599
    6. V-Vqi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365948
    1. if/because
    2. -
    3. 3482
    5. 523600
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365949
    1. he
    2. -
    3. 1978
    5. 523602
    6. S-Pp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365951
    1. he will roar
    2. -
    3. 7754
    5. 523603
    6. V-Vqi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365952
    1. and
    2. come trembling
    3. 1987,2638
    5. 523604,523605
    6. SV-C,Vqi3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365953
    1. children
    2. children
    3. 1043
    5. 523606
    6. S-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365954
    1. they will tremble
    2. come trembling
    3. 1987,2638
    5. 523604,523605
    6. SV-C,Vqi3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365953
    1. from +the west
    2. -
    3. 4129,3237
    5. 523607,523608
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365955

OET (OET-LV) After YHWH they_will_walk like_a_lion he_will_roar if/because he he_will_roar and_ children _they_will_tremble from_the_west.

OET (OET-RV)  ⇔ They’ll decide to follow Yahweh—he’ll roar like a lion.
 ⇔ When he roars, his children will come trembling from the west.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 11:10 ↑ → ► ║ ©