HOS 11:10 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Ὀπίσω Κυρίου πορεύσομαι· ὡς λέων ἐρεύξεται, ὅτι αὐτὸς ὠρύσεται, καὶ ἐκστήσονται τέκνα ὑδάτων.
(Opisō Kuriou poreusomai; hōs leōn ereuxetai, hoti autos ōrusetai, kai ekstaʸsontai tekna hudatōn. )

BrTr I will go after the Lord: he shall utter his voice as a lion: for he shall roar, and the children of the waters shall be amazed.

ULT They will go after Yahweh;
⇔ he will roar like a lion.
⇔ When he roars,
⇔ his sons will come trembling from the west.

UST They will live their lives following my commands.
⇔ I will roar like a lion.
⇔ And when I roar, my people will hear and will come trembling.
⇔ They will come back to me from far away—
⇔ from the west they will come back to me.

OEB ⇔ They will follow after the Lord.
⇔ Like a lion he will roar,
⇔ and when he roars
⇔ his children will come trembling from the west.

WEBBE They will walk after the LORD,
⇔ who will roar like a lion;
⇔ for he will roar, and the children will come trembling from the west.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET He will roar like a lion,
⇔ and they will follow the Lord;
⇔ when he roars,
⇔ his children will come trembling from the west.

LSV They go after YHWH—He roars as a lion,
When He roars, then the sons from the west tremble.

FBV The people will follow me, the Lord. He will roar like a lion. When he roars like a lion then his children will come trembling from the west.

T4T You will follow me when I roar like [SIM] a lion;
⇔ when I roar, some of you my children will tremble as you return to Israel from the islands and seacoasts toward the west.

LEB    • They will go after Yahweh; he roars like a lion.
• When he roars,
  • his children will come trembling
   • from the sea.[fn]

11:? That is, “the West”

BBE They will go after the Lord; his cry will be like that of a lion; his cry will be loud, and the children will come from the west, shaking with fear;

Moff The Eternal will cry like a lion,
⇔ like a lion he will roar,
⇔ and when the Eternal roars,

JPS They shall walk after the LORD, who shall roar like a lion; for He shall roar, and the children shall come trembling from the west.

ASV They shall walk after Jehovah, who will roar like a lion; for he will roar, and the children shall come trembling from the west.

DRA They shall walk after the Lord, he shall roar as a lion: because he shall roar, and the children of the sea shall fear.

YLT After Jehovah they go — as a lion He roareth, When He doth roar, then tremble do the sons from the west.

Drby They shall walk after Jehovah; he shall roar like a lion; when he shall roar, then the children shall hasten from the west:

RV They shall walk after the LORD, who shall roar like a lion: for he shall roar, and the children shall come trembling from the west.

SLT They shall go after Jehovah: as a lion shall he roar: for he shall roar, and the sons of the waters shall tremble.

Wbstr They shall walk after the LORD: he shall roar like a lion: when he shall roar, then the children shall tremble from the west.

KJB-1769 They shall walk after the LORD: he shall roar like a lion: when he shall roar, then the children shall tremble from the west.

KJB-1611 They shal walke after the LORD: he shall roare like a lyon: when he shall roare, then the children shall tremble from the West.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation)

Bshps They shall walke after the Lorde, he shall rose like a lion: when he shall rose, then the children of the west shall feare.
(They shall walk after the Lord, he shall rose like a lion: when he shall rose, then the children of the west shall fear.)

Gnva They shall walke after the Lord: he shall roare like a lyon: when hee shall roare, then the children of the West shall feare.
(They shall walk after the Lord: he shall roar like a lion: when he shall roar, then the children of the West shall fear. )

Cvdl The LORDE roareth like a lyon, that they maye folowe him: Yee as a lyon roareth he, that they maye be afrayed, like the children of the see:
(The LORD roareth like a lion, that they may follow him: Ye/You_all as a lion roareth he, that they may be afraid, like the children of the see:)

Wycl Thei schulen go after the Lord. He shal rore as a lioun, for he shal rore, and the sones of the see schulen drede.
(They should go after the Lord. He shall roar as a lion, for he shall roar, and the sons of the sea should dread.)

Luth Alsdann wird man dem HErr’s nachfolgen; und er wird brüllen wie ein Löwe; und wenn er wird brüllen, so werden erschrecken die, so gegen Abend sind.
(Then becomes man to_him LORD’s follow; and he becomes roar(v) as/like a lion; and when he becomes roar(v), so become scare/frighten that, so to/against evening/night are.)

ClVg Post Dominum ambulabunt; quasi leo rugiet, quia ipse rugiet, et formidabunt filii maris.
(After the_Master they_will_walk; as_if lion he_will_roar, because exactly_that/himself he_will_roar, and they_will_be_afraid children of_the_sea. )

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 11:1–11 The LORD’s love for his people

This section refers back to Israel’s history, as do Section 9:10–17 and Section 10:1–8. In all three sections, the LORD describes the joyful beginning of his relationship with the people of Israel and their response of betrayal against him. The earlier sections focus more on the LORD’s punishment. The people will be taken into exile. This section focuses more on his love.

The LORD speaks of his love for Israel in the past (11:1–4), warns them of their future exile and destruction (11:5–7), and assures them that in the future he will turn from his anger and show them compassion. Because of his love for them, he promises that he will bring the people back to the land of Israel (11:8–11).

Here are some other examples of section headings:

The Lord’s Love for Israel (ESV)

Israel Is Like a Bad Son (GW)

Throughout this section, the LORD is the speaker. When he refers to himself, he uses first person pronouns (“I/me/my”) except for verse 10, which has “Yahweh” and “he.” When he refers to the people or nation of Israel, he uses “Ephraim,” “they/them,” or “he/it.” The only exceptions are in 11:8–9. There the LORD uses the pronoun “you(sg)” to speak directly to Ephraim and to Judah.

Paragraph 11:8–11

This paragraph contrasts with the previous one. The previous paragraph promises that the nation of Israel will be taken into exile in Assyria. This paragraph tells about the time after that exile. In these verses, the LORD promises that he will not completely destroy them. Rather, in the future he will bring them back to their land.McComiskey (page 191).

11:10a–b

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:The structure of verse 10 is a chiasm:A: They will walk after the LORD B: He will roar like a lion. B’: When He roarsA’ His children will come trembling from the west.

^10a They will walk after the LORD; He will roar like a lion.

^10b When He roars, His children will come trembling from the west.

11:10a

They will walk after the LORD; He will roar like a lion.

¶ “In the future they will follow Yahweh. He will roar like a lion,
¶ “One day I, Yahweh, will roar like a lion, and they will follow me.

They will walk after the LORD: This expression means that the people will obey the LORD. It implies that they will be faithful and loyal to him instead of worshiping idols.Keil (pages 92, 93), Stuart (page 182) and Davies (page 264).

He will roar like a lion: This line is a figure of speech (simile) that compares the action of the LORD calling his people to a lion roaring. The simile means that the LORD will summon/command his people to leave the foreign lands where they live to return to Israel. The comparison to a lion’s roar may imply that the summons is irresistible.McComiskey (page 195) and Macintosh (page 470).

Chronologically, the lion’s roar will happen before the people follow. In some languages it may be more natural to reverse the order of these two clauses. For example:

He will roar like a lion, and they will follow the Lord. (NET)

lion: The Hebrew word refers to an African lion with a large mane. The lion represents authority and majesty.Stuart (page 182).

11:10b

When He roars, His children will come trembling from the west.

and when he roars, his children will tremble in awe, and come to him from the west.
When I roar, my children will tremble as they return to me from the lands of the west.

When He roars: There are two main interpretations of the function of the Hebrew word that the BSB translates as When:

It indicates time. For example:
when he roars (NRSV) (BSB, ESV, GNT, GW, KJV, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)
It indicates emphasis. For example:
Yea, he will roar (RSV) (NASB, RSV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) along with most versions.

His children will come trembling from the west: This clause is more literally “and they will tremble children from [the] west.” It describes the result of the roar of the LORD.

His children: The pronoun His is not in the Hebrew text, but it is implied from the context. The pronoun is supplied in the BSB and in many other versions.

The Hebrew word means either “sons” or children, both male and female. Here the word may refer specifically to future descendants of the Israelites.Andersen and Freedman (page 592). It could also refer more generally to the people of Israel, both adults and children.Davies (page 265). Either understanding is acceptable.

Some versions make the second understanding explicit. For example:

my people will return trembling from the west (NLT)

will come trembling: There are two main interpretations of the Hebrew word that the BSB translates as trembling:

It means “tremble” or “shake.”TWOT (#735) suggests that the root meaning is “to shake,” and that the phrase, come trembling in Hos 11:10–11 probably emphasizes bird-like movements. For example:
and his sons shall come trembling from the west (RSV) (BSB, CEV, ESV, GW, KJV, NASB, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, RSV)
It means “quickly.”HALOT (electronic edition, page 350) 2. For example:
They will hurry to me from the west. (GNT) (GNT, NCV, REB)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). It is supported by most versions, Hebrew lexicons, and commentaries.Commentaries that concur include: Andersen and Freedman, Davies, Dearman, Hubbard, Keil, Kidner, Macintosh, McComiskey and Wood.

The reference to trembling in this context can be translated in any of the following ways:

Translate the word trembling without additional explanation. For example:
his children will come trembling from the west. (NET)
Translate the word trembling as a reference to a person’s emotional state. Here it may indicate that a person is timid and fearful of offending the LORD. It may also indicate an attitude of humility.Wood (page 214) and Andersen and Freedman (page 592) For example:
his sons shall come frightened from the west (NASB)
Translate the word trembling as a reference to the movement of birds that flutter their wings when they are startled.HALOT (electronic edition, page 1047). The way the children come is explicitly compared to birds in the next verse which says, “they will come trembling like birds…” For example:
his children will come fluttering from the west (NJB)

In Hebrew, the phrase will come trembling is more literally “and they will tremble.” The word come is not in the Hebrew text. It is supplied in the BSB and in many other versions. The meaning come is considered to be implied because of the following phrase “from the west.”According to a NET footnote, when the verb haraḏ “to tremble” is used with prepositions of direction, it denotes “to go or come trembling.” Also McComiskey (page 195) and Macintosh (page 466).

from the west: This phrase describes one of the directions from which the children come. The Hebrew word for west is literally “sea.” This word designates the coastlands and islands of the Mediterranean Sea. Since the Mediterranean is west of Israel, the Hebrew word “sea” is also the word for west.McComiskey (page 195).

This phrase implies that some of the people of Israel have relocated to the lands west of Israel.

General Comment on 11:10

In 11:10, the LORD continues to speak.Andersen and Freedman (page 591) and McComiskey (page 195). However, there is a change from first person pronouns that refer to the LORD, such as “I” and “my,” to third person pronouns, such as “he” and “his.” This kind of change is typical of Hosea’s writing style.

In some languages, this change of pronouns may sound awkward and unnatural. If this is true in your language, you can continue to use first person pronouns here. For example:

My people will follow me when I roar like a lion at their enemies. They will hurry to me from the west. (GNT)

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine some of the parallel parts. For example:

I, the LORD, will roar like a lion, and my children will return, trembling from the west. (CEV)