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1 Pet C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

1 Pet 4 V1 V2 V3 V4 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19

OET interlinear 1 PET 4:5

◄ ← 1 PET 4:5 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. οἵ
    2. hos
    3. who
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····NMP
    7. who
    8. who
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149929
    1. ἀποδώσουσιν
    2. apodidōmi
    3. will be giving back
    4. -
    5. 5910
    6. VIFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ giving_back
    8. ˓will_be˒ giving_back
    9. -
    10. Y60; F149942
    11. 149930
    1. λόγον
    2. logos
    3. +an account
    4. account
    5. 30560
    6. N····AMS
    7. ˓an˒ account
    8. ˓an˒ account
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149931
    1. τῷ
    2. ho
    3. to the one
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    8. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149932
    1. ἑτοίμῳ
    2. hetoimos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 20920
    6. S····DNS
    7. ready
    8. ready
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 149933
    1. ἑτοίμως
    2. hetoimōs
    3. ready
    4. ready
    5. 20930
    6. D·······
    7. ready
    8. ready
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149934
    1. ἔχοντι
    2. eχō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 21920
    6. VPPA·DMS
    7. having
    8. having
    9. -
    10. R149847; Person=Jesus; F149936
    11. 149935
    1. κρῖναι
    2. krinō
    3. to judge
    4. judge
    5. 29190
    6. VNAA····
    7. ˓to˒ judge
    8. ˓to˒ judge
    9. -
    10. Y60; R149935; Person=Jesus
    11. 149936
    1. κρίνοντι
    2. krinō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 29190
    6. VPPA·DMS
    7. judging
    8. judging
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 149937
    1. ζῶντας
    2. zaō
    3. +the living
    4. living
    5. 21980
    6. VPPA·AMP
    7. ˓the˒ living
    8. ˓the˒ living
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149938
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. but and
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149939
    1. νεκρούς
    2. nekros
    3. +the dead
    4. dead
    5. 34980
    6. S····AMP
    7. ˓the˒ dead
    8. ˓the˒ dead
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149940

OET (OET-LV) who will_be_giving_back an_account to_the one ready to_judge the_living and the_dead.

OET (OET-RV) but they’ll need to give an account for their actions to the one who’s ready to judge both the living and the dead.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:1–6: Christians should live to please God

In this section, Peter continued with the theme of suffering as followers of Christ. He urges his readers to follow Christ’s example and be willing to suffer for doing right and so avoid sinning. They must not follow the bad behavior of their pagan neighbors, who will be judged by God, but they should live according to God’s will.

Some other headings for this section are:

Change your lives (NCV)

Being Faithful to God (CEV)

4:5a

But they will have to give an account

But: In the Greek text the sentence that began at 4:4a continues here. The BSB and many other English versions begin a new sentence here and supply the word But to connect this sentence to the previous one. It is recommended that you begin a new sentence here in a way that is natural for your language.

they will have to give an account: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as they will have to give an account means “they will have to explain/justify their actions.” The pronoun they refers to the non-Christians in 4:4. People are responsible to God for how they act. At the end of the world he will call upon everyone to examine how they have lived their lives.

Some other ways this phrase has been translated include:

they will have to explain this (NCV)

they will have to answer (CEV)

4:5b

to Him who is ready to judge the living and the dead.

to Him who is ready to judge: There are two ways of interpreting the pronoun Him here:

  1. It refers to God, as in 1:17 and 2:23. For example:

    God, who is ready to judge (NCV) (CEV, NLT, GNT, NCV)

  2. It refers to Christ. In several other verses in the New Testament he is spoken of as the judge (see Acts 10:42, 2 Timothy 4:1). For example:

    Jesus Christ, who stands ready to judge (NET) (NET)

Several English versions are ambiguous (BSB, NIV, RSV, NASB, NJB, GW). Either option is acceptable. If you must choose between the two options, it is recommended that you follow your national translation.

who is ready to judge: The phrase who is ready to judge implies that the judgment will take place soon. Christ will return before long, and then the final judgment will take place. Another way to translate this phrase is:

God who will soon judge

the living and the dead: The phrase the living and the dead refers to those people who would be alive at the time of the judgment and those who would be already dead. Peter used this phrase in order to include all people throughout all of human history. Here is another way to translate this phrase:

everyone, both the living and the dead (NLT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

οἳ ἀποδώσουσιν λόγον

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἵ ἀποδώσουσιν λόγον τῷ ἑτοίμως κρῖναι ζῶντας καί νεκρούς)

Here Peter uses give to refer to speaking something. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [they will speak a word]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

οἳ ἀποδώσουσιν λόγον

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἵ ἀποδώσουσιν λόγον τῷ ἑτοίμως κρῖναι ζῶντας καί νεκρούς)

Here Peter uses word to refer to an explanation that they would speak using words. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [they will give an account]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τῷ ἑτοίμως ἔχοντι κρῖναι

˱to˲_the_‹one› ready (Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἵ ἀποδώσουσιν λόγον τῷ ἑτοίμως κρῖναι ζῶντας καί νεκρούς)

Here, the one being ready to judge could refer to: (1) God. Alternate translation: [to God, who is ready to judge] (2) Christ. Alternate translation: [to Christ, who is ready to judge]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς

˓the˒_living (Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἵ ἀποδώσουσιν λόγον τῷ ἑτοίμως κρῖναι ζῶντας καί νεκρούς)

The phrase living and dead ones refers to all people, whether they are still alive or have died. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [everyone]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

4:1-6 Peter urges Christians to decisively turn their backs on the former sinful way of life from which Christ in his suffering delivered us.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. who
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····NMP
    7. who
    8. who
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149929
    1. will be giving back
    2. -
    3. 5910
    5. apodidōmi
    6. V-IFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ giving_back
    8. ˓will_be˒ giving_back
    9. -
    10. Y60; F149942
    11. 149930
    1. +an account
    2. account
    3. 30560
    5. logos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. ˓an˒ account
    8. ˓an˒ account
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149931
    1. to the one
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    8. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149932
    1. ready
    2. ready
    3. 20930
    5. hetoimōs
    6. D-·······
    7. ready
    8. ready
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149934
    1. to judge
    2. judge
    3. 29190
    5. krinō
    6. V-NAA····
    7. ˓to˒ judge
    8. ˓to˒ judge
    9. -
    10. Y60; R149935; Person=Jesus
    11. 149936
    1. +the living
    2. living
    3. 21980
    5. zaō
    6. V-PPA·AMP
    7. ˓the˒ living
    8. ˓the˒ living
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149938
    1. and
    2. but and
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149939
    1. +the dead
    2. dead
    3. 34980
    5. nekros
    6. S-····AMP
    7. ˓the˒ dead
    8. ˓the˒ dead
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149940

OET (OET-LV) who will_be_giving_back an_account to_the one ready to_judge the_living and the_dead.

OET (OET-RV) but they’ll need to give an account for their actions to the one who’s ready to judge both the living and the dead.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← 1 PET 4:5 ↑ → ► ║ ©