RUTH 2:14 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. וַ,יֹּאמֶר
2. 180031,180032
3. And he/it said
4. Then So
5. 559
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
7. and=he/it_said
8. S
9. Y-1307
10. 124423
1. לָ,ה
2. 180033,180034
3. to her
4. -
6. S-R,Sp3fs
7. to,her
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124424
1. בֹעַז
2. 180035
3. Boˊaz
4. Boaz
5. 1162
6. S-Np
7. Boaz
8. -
9. Person=Boaz; Y-1307
10. 124425
1. לְ,עֵת
2. 180036,180037
3. to the time of
4. time
5. 6256
6. S-R,Ncbsc
7. to,the_time_of
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124426
1. הָ,אֹכֶל
2. 180038,180039
3. the meal
4. -
5. 400
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
7. of,the_meal
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124427
1. גֹּשִׁי
2. 180040
3. approach
4. -
5. 5066
6. V-Vqv2fs
7. approach
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124428
1. הֲלֹם
2. 180041
3. here
4. -
5. 1988
6. S-D
7. here
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124429
1. וְ,אָכַלְתְּ
2. 180042,180043
3. and you will eat
4. -
5. 398
6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
7. and,you_will_eat
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124430
1. מִן
2. 180044
3. some of
4. -
6. S-R
7. some_of
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124431
2. 180045
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 124432
1. הַ,לֶּחֶם
2. 180046,180047
3. the food
4. bread
5. 3899
6. S-Td,Ncbsa
7. the,food
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124433
1. וְ,טָבַלְתְּ
2. 180048,180049
3. and you will dip
4. -
5. 2881
6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
7. and,you_will_dip
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124434
1. פִּתֵּ,ךְ
2. 180050,180051
3. of bread of your piece
4. -
6. O-Ncfsc,Sp2fs
7. [of_bread]_of,your_piece
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124435
1. בַּ,חֹמֶץ
2. 180052,180053
3. in vinegar
4. in
5. 2558
6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
7. in,vinegar
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124436
1. וַ,תֵּשֶׁב
2. 180054,180055
3. and she sat down
4. -
5. 3427
6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
7. and,she_sat_down
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124437
1. מִ,צַּד
2. 180056,180057
3. from the side of
4. -
5. 6654
6. S-R,Ncmsc
7. from,the_side_of
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124438
1. הַ,קּוֹצְרִים
2. 180058,180059
3. the harvesters
4. harvesters
6. S-Td,Vqrmpa
7. of,the_harvesters
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124439
1. וַ,יִּצְבָּט
2. 180060,180061
3. and he held out
4. offered
5. 6642
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
7. and,he_held_out
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124440
2. 180062
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 124441
1. לָ,הּ
2. 180063,180064
3. to/for her/it
4. -
6. S-R,Sp3fs
7. to/for=her/it
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124442
1. קָלִי
2. 180065
3. roasted grain
4. roasted grain
5. 7039
6. O-Ncmsa
7. roasted_grain
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124443
1. וַ,תֹּאכַל
2. 180066,180067
3. and she/it ate
4. ate
5. 398
6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
7. and=she/it_ate
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124444
1. וַ,תִּשְׂבַּע
2. 180068,180069
3. and she was satisfied
4. -
5. 7646
6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
7. and,she_was_satisfied
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124445
1. וַ,תֹּתַֽר
2. 180070,180071
3. and she had excess
4. -
5. 3498
6. SV-C,Vhw3fs
7. and,she_had_excess
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124446
2. 180072
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 124447

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:1–23: Ruth gathered grain in a field belonging to Boaz

This third section in the book of Ruth tells how Ruth met Boaz. Since Naomi and Ruth were poor at this time, Ruth asked Naomi for permission to glean in the grain fields in order to find them some food.

Ruth chose a field in which to glean. Although she did not know it, the man who owned that field, Boaz, was a relative of Elimelech. Boaz had heard about Ruth already, but he had not met her. He was sympathetic and kind to her that day, and told her to continue to work in his field during the rest of the harvest time.

That evening, Ruth returned home and told Naomi that the owner of the field where she had gleaned was called Boaz and that he had treated her well. Naomi was very pleased. She encouraged Ruth to continue to work there just as Boaz had invited her to do.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Ruth Meets Boaz (ESV)

Ruth Works in the Field of Boaz (NET)

2:14a

At mealtime Boaz said to her, “Come over here;

¶ When it was time to eat, Boaz said to Ruth, “Come here and eat something with us^(excl).
¶ At noon, Boaz invited Ruth to come and sit with them.

At mealtime Boaz said to her: The phrase At mealtime indicates the time when Boaz next spoke to Ruth.The KJV includes the words “at mealtime” in the quotation from Boaz. However, the majority of translations understand the words “at mealtime” to refer to the time when Boaz addressed Ruth. It would probably have been about noon.

Come over here: Boaz invited Ruth to join his workers. The word here refers to the general area where Boaz and his hired workers, both males and females, were eating. You may wish to translate this as an invitation or as a polite command. Consider how a landowner or employer would speak kindly to his workers. For example:

You may come and join us

Come, eat with us. (CEV)

2:14b

have some bread and dip it into the vinegar sauce.”

You^(sing) can dip your bread/food in the vinegar sauce.”
He invited/encouraged her to take some bread and dip it in the sauce with them.

have some bread: Again, this can be translated as an invitation or as a polite command. The Hebrew word meaning bread is used here to refer to the ordinary food served at the noon meal. Bread was the main food in Ruth’s time. If the speakers of your language do not eat bread every day and think of it as a special or luxury food, then use your own common word for “food.” For example:

and have some food (NET)

and help yourself to some food (NLT)

and dip it into the vinegar sauce: Apparently the vinegar sauce was some kind of tasty sauce, probably fermented. Boaz was offering Ruth something that tasted good. Here are some other ways to translate this:

Dip your bread in the vinegar. (NET)

You can dip your bread in the sour wine. (NLT)

If people in your culture do not dip bread in a sauce, or if you have referred to food in general in the previous clause, you may need to translate this in a different way. For example:

Help yourself to the sauce.

2:14c

So she sat down beside the harvesters, and he offered her roasted grain,

So she sat down beside the harvesters. Then he handed her some roasted grain. (NET)
So Ruth sat down next to the harvest workers. Boaz handed her some grain that someone/they had cooked over the fire.

So: The Hebrew conjunction that the BSB translates as So indicates that what happened next is the result of Boaz’s invitation in 2:14a.

she sat down beside the harvesters, and he offered her roasted grain: The two verbs she sat down and he offered refer to two consecutive actions. Here are some other ways to translate them:

So she sat down beside the harvesters. Then he handed her some roasted grain. (NET)

So she sat beside the reapers, and he handed her some roasted grain. (GW)

she sat down beside the harvesters: The harvesters, both men and women, were sitting eating together, and Ruth joined them.

and he offered her roasted grain: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as offered is not found anywhere else in the Old Testament. In this context, it seems to indicate that Boaz handed or gave Ruth some grain.

roasted grain: This refers to fresh grain that the workers had roasted over the fire. Probably it was some of the barley that they had just harvested.

2:14d

and she ate and was satisfied and had some left over.

Ruth ate until she was full, and she even had some food remaining.
Ruth ate until she was satisfied, and she still had food left.

and she ate and was satisfied: Ruth ate until she was satisfied and was no longer hungry. Here are some other ways to translate this:

She ate until she was full (GW)

She ate all she wanted (NIV)

and had some left over: Boaz gave Ruth more roasted grain than she was able to eat. Though this verse does not mention it, Ruth saved this extra food, and she later took the leftover grain home to Naomi.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

and she still had some food left over (GNT)

she even had some food left over (NCV)

uW Translation Notes:

לְ⁠עֵ֣ת הָ⁠אֹ֗כֶל

to,the_time_of of,the_meal

Alternate translation: [at the time of the midday meal]

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / imperative

גֹּ֤שִֽׁי הֲלֹם֙ וְ⁠אָכַ֣לְתְּ מִן־הַ⁠לֶּ֔חֶם וְ⁠טָבַ֥לְתְּ פִּתֵּ֖⁠ךְ בַּ⁠חֹ֑מֶץ

come here and,you_will_eat from/more_than the,food and,you_will_dip [of_bread]_of,your_piece in,vinegar

The verbs in this sentence are imperatives that communicate a gracious invitation rather than a command. Use a form in your language that communicates a gracious invitation. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: [Please come, and help yourself to the bread and dip it in the vinegar]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

וְ⁠אָכַ֣לְתְּ מִן־הַ⁠לֶּ֔חֶם וְ⁠טָבַ֥לְתְּ פִּתֵּ֖⁠ךְ בַּ⁠חֹ֑מֶץ

and,you_will_eat from/more_than the,food and,you_will_dip [of_bread]_of,your_piece in,vinegar

It would be necessary to dip the bread and then eat it, so it might be more natural in your language to put the information about dipping the bread first. Alternate translation: [and dip some of this bread in the vinegar and eat it]

Note 3 topic: translate-unknown

וְ⁠טָבַ֥לְתְּ פִּתֵּ֖⁠ךְ בַּ⁠חֹ֑מֶץ

and,you_will_dip [of_bread]_of,your_piece in,vinegar

This was a simple meal eaten in the field. People would sit on the ground around a cloth that had a bowl of wine vinegar on it and pieces of broken bread. They would take a piece of bread and dip it in the wine vinegar to add flavor before they ate it. The Israelites made vinegar from grape juice that was fermented beyond the point of being wine. At the vinegar stage, the juice becomes very sour and acidic. Alternate translation: [and please dip your piece of bread in the wine vinegar first]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Hebrew word
5. Hebrew lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. And he/it said
2. Then So
3. 1987,683
5. 180031,180032
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
8. S
9. Y-1307
10. 124423
1. to her
2. -
3. 3705,1978
5. 180033,180034
6. S-R,Sp3fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124424
1. Boˊaz
2. Boaz
3. 1260
5. 180035
6. S-Np
8. -
9. Person=Boaz; Y-1307
10. 124425
1. to the time of
2. time
3. 3705,5751
5. 180036,180037
6. S-R,Ncbsc
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124426
1. the meal
2. -
3. 1893,760
5. 180038,180039
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124427
1. approach
2. -
3. 5127
5. 180040
6. V-Vqv2fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124428
1. here
2. -
3. 1837
5. 180041
6. S-D
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124429
1. and you will eat
2. -
3. 1987,669
5. 180042,180043
6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124430
1. some of
2. -
3. 4129
5. 180044
6. S-R
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124431
1. the food
2. bread
3. 1893,3759
5. 180046,180047
6. S-Td,Ncbsa
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124433
1. and you will dip
2. -
3. 1987,2828
5. 180048,180049
6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124434
1. of bread of your piece
2. -
3. 6340,1978
5. 180050,180051
6. O-Ncfsc,Sp2fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124435
1. in vinegar
2. in
3. 846,2689
5. 180052,180053
6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124436
1. and she sat down
2. -
3. 1987,3311
5. 180054,180055
6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124437
1. from the side of
2. -
3. 4129,6598
5. 180056,180057
6. S-R,Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124438
1. the harvesters
2. harvesters
3. 1893,6977
5. 180058,180059
6. S-Td,Vqrmpa
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124439
1. and he held out
2. offered
3. 1987,6627
5. 180060,180061
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124440
1. to/for her/it
2. -
3. 3705,1978
5. 180063,180064
6. S-R,Sp3fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124442
1. roasted grain
2. roasted grain
3. 6948
5. 180065
6. O-Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124443
1. and she/it ate
2. ate
3. 1987,669
5. 180066,180067
6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124444
1. and she was satisfied
2. -
3. 1987,8073
5. 180068,180069
6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124445
1. and she had excess
2. -
3. 1987,3324
5. 180070,180071
6. SV-C,Vhw3fs
8. -
9. Y-1307
10. 124446

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.