UTN uW Translation Notes:

James 5 Chapter Introduction

Structure and Formatting

1. Rebuke of rich people ([5:1–6](../05/01.md))2. Waiting patiently for the Lord’s return ([5:7–11](../05/07.md))3. Oaths forbidden ([5:12](../05/12.md))4. Prayer, forgiveness, and healing ([5:13–18](../05/13.md))5. Restoration of a sinner ([5:19–20](../05/19.md))

Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter

Living for eternity

The first section of this chapter, which is a warning to rich people, contrasts living for things of this world, which will not last, with living for things that will last for eternity. The second section of the chapter is related to that first section. In it, James stresses that it is important to live with the expectation that Jesus will return soon. (See: eternity)

Oaths

In [5:12](../05/12.md), James tells his readers not to swear any oaths. However, biblical scholars are divided over whether James intends to teach literally that all oaths are wrong. Some scholars believe that some oaths are permissible and that James is emphasizing how Christians should have integrity in what they say.

Translation Issues in This Chapter

Elijah

The illustration that James gives from the life of the prophet Elijah in [5:17–18](../05/17.md) may be difficult for your readers to appreciate if the books of 1 and 2 Kings have not yet been translated. See the first note to [5:17](../05/17.md) for a suggestion about how to help your readers understand this illustration better.