OET interlinear EST 3:12

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וַ⁠יִּקָּרְאוּ֩ סֹפְרֵ֨י הַ⁠מֶּ֜לֶךְ

and,summoned secretaries_of the=king

You can say this with an active form. You can also say who did the action. It was most likely Haman, since the king had given him authority to act on his behalf. So you could say, “Haman called in the royal scribes.” Alternate translation: “the king summoned his scribes”

Note 2 topic: translate-hebrewmonths

בַּ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֗וֹן בִּ⁠שְׁלוֹשָׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֣ר יוֹם֮ בּ⁠וֹ֒

in/on/at/with,month the,first in/on/at/with,three ten day in/on/over=him/it

You can add “of that same year” to show that Haman did this right after Ahasuerus agreed to his plan. Alternate translation: “on the thirteenth day of the first month”

בַּ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֗וֹן בִּ⁠שְׁלוֹשָׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֣ר יוֹם֮ בּ⁠וֹ֒

in/on/at/with,month the,first in/on/at/with,three ten day in/on/over=him/it

You can put this information first because it places the event within the timeline of the story.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וַ⁠יִּכָּתֵ֣ב כְּֽ⁠כָל־אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה הָמָ֡ן

and,written according_to,all which/who commanded Haman

You can say this with an active form. You can also say who did the action. Alternate translation: “and Haman dictated a letter to them” or “they wrote a decree containing all that Haman had commanded”

Note 4 topic: translate-unknown

אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנֵֽי־הַ֠⁠מֶּלֶךְ

satraps_of the=king

This seems to mean the officials of the king who served in the palace in the capital city, since they are distinguished from the provincial governors and the leaders of the people groups.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

מְדִינָ֣ה וּ⁠מְדִינָ֗ה

province and,province

This expression means every province. See how you translated this in 1:22.

שָׂ֤רֵי עַם֙ וָ⁠עָ֔ם

officials_of people and,people

Alternate translation: “the leaders of each people group”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

עַם֙ וָ⁠עָ֔ם

people and,people

This expression means every people group. See how you translated this in 1:22.

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

מְדִינָ֤ה וּ⁠מְדִינָה֙ כִּ⁠כְתָבָ֔⁠הּ

province and,province in,script_of,its

See how you translated this in 1:22. Alternate translation: “to each province using its own alphabet” or “written in its own script”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

מְדִינָ֤ה וּ⁠מְדִינָה֙ כִּ⁠כְתָבָ֔⁠הּ

province and,province in,script_of,its

The implication is that the scribes translated the letter and sent it to each province using its own alphabet. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say that explicitly.

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וְ⁠עַ֥ם וָ⁠עָ֖ם כִּ⁠לְשׁוֹנ֑⁠וֹ

and,people and,people in,language_of,its_own

See how you translated this expression in 1:22. Alternate translation: “and to each people group in its own language”

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

כִּ⁠לְשׁוֹנ֑⁠וֹ

in,language_of,its_own

Here, tongue is a metonym meaning the language spoken by a person or a group of people. Alternate translation: “according to its language”

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

בְּ⁠שֵׁ֨ם הַ⁠מֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ נִכְתָּ֔ב

in/on=name_of the=king ʼAḩashvērōsh written

There are two This could mean: (1) Here, name could mean the authority of the king. This would be saying that Haman’s letter had the same authority as it would have had if the king had sent it himself. Alternate translation: “Haman sent the letter under the king’s own authority” (2) However, this could also mean that Haman actually had the scribes sign the king’s name to the letter. Alternate translation: “they signed the king’s name at the end of the letters”

Note 12 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

נִכְתָּ֔ב וְ⁠נֶחְתָּ֖ם בְּ⁠טַבַּ֥עַת הַ⁠מֶּֽלֶךְ

written and,sealed in/on/at/with,ring_of the,king's

You can say this with an active form, and you can say who did the action. Alternate translation: “to show that he was sending the letter under the king’s own authority, Haman sealed each copy of the letter with the ring that had the king’s official seal on it,” or “the scribes signed the king’s name at the end of the letters. Then they sealed the letters with wax, and stamped the wax by using the king’s ring”