OET interlinear EST 9:1

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-newevent

וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁנֵים֩ עָשָׂ֨ר חֹ֜דֶשׁ

and,in,two_plus ten month

This introduces a new event. Use a natural way in your language to indicate a new event.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁנֵים֩ עָשָׂ֨ר חֹ֜דֶשׁ הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֗ר בִּ⁠שְׁלוֹשָׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ בּ֔⁠וֹ

and,in,two_plus ten month he/it month_of Adar on,thir- ten day in/on/over=him/it

The implication is that this happened in the twelfth month of the same year that the letters were sent out. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: [on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month of that year, the month of Adar]

Note 3 topic: translate-ordinal

וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁנֵים֩ עָשָׂ֨ר חֹ֜דֶשׁ

and,in,two_plus ten month

Alternate translation: [now in the twelfth month]

Note 4 topic: translate-hebrewmonths

הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֗ר

he/it month_of Adar

Adar is the name of the twelfth and last month of the Hebrew calendar. See how you translated this in [3:7](../03/07.md), [3:13](../03/13.md), and [8:12](../08/12.md).

Note 5 topic: translate-ordinal

בִּ⁠שְׁלוֹשָׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ בּ֔⁠וֹ

on,thir- ten day in/on/over=him/it

Alternate translation: [on the thirteenth day of the month]

אֲשֶׁ֨ר & דְּבַר־הַ⁠מֶּ֛לֶךְ וְ⁠דָת֖⁠וֹ לְ⁠הֵעָשׂ֑וֹת

which/who & message/matter_of the=king and,his_of,law to,be_done

Alternate translation: [what the letters said the king had decreed]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִגִּ֧יעַ דְּבַר־הַ⁠מֶּ֛לֶךְ וְ⁠דָת֖⁠וֹ לְ⁠הֵעָשׂ֑וֹת

which/who arrived message/matter_of the=king and,his_of,law to,be_done

This expression describes the king’s decree as if it had traveled through time (as a person travels through space) and reached this particular day. This phrase means that it was time for people to obey the decree. Alternate translation: [when the time came for people to obey the king’s law and decree] or [when it was the day established in the king’s letters for people to carry out the king’s law]

בַּ⁠יּ֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר שִׂבְּר֜וּ אֹיְבֵ֤י הַ⁠יְּהוּדִים֙ לִ⁠שְׁל֣וֹט בָּ⁠הֶ֔ם

in_the=day which/who hoped enemies_of of,the_Jews to,gain_power (is)_in=them

Alternate translation: [the enemies of the Jews had expected to defeat the Jews on that day]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

לִ⁠שְׁל֣וֹט

to,gain_power

This word usually means “to rule over,” but here it means “to have power over, to be able to destroy.”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְ⁠נַהֲפ֣וֹךְ

and,it_was_reversed

Saying that a situation was turned over is a figurative way of saying that what happened was the opposite of what was expected. Alternate translation: [the situation was reversed] or [the opposite happened]

ה֔וּא אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁלְט֧וּ הַ⁠יְּהוּדִ֛ים הֵ֖מָּה בְּ⁠שֹׂנְאֵי⁠הֶֽם

he/it which/who gain_power the,Jews they(emph) over,[those_of,who]_hated_them

Alternate translation: [Instead, it was the Jews themselves who destroyed their enemies]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

בְּ⁠שֹׂנְאֵי⁠הֶֽם

over,[those_of,who]_hated_them

This is an idiom that describes enemies