OET interlinear EST 3:1

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-newevent

אַחַ֣ר ׀ הַ⁠דְּבָרִ֣ים הָ⁠אֵ֗לֶּה

after the,things the=these

This introduces a new event in the story. Use a connecting phrase that introduces a new event in your language.

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-time-sequential

אַחַ֣ר ׀ הַ⁠דְּבָרִ֣ים הָ⁠אֵ֗לֶּה

after the,things the=these

This event happened some time after Esther became queen, and you can show this by using a connecting phrase such as “some time later.”

Note 3 topic: translate-names

אֶת־הָמָ֧ן

DOM Haman

This is a man’s name. It occurs many times in the story. Be sure to translate it consistently.

Note 4 topic: translate-names

בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא הָ⁠אֲגָגִ֖י

son_of Hammedatha the,Agagite

These are the names of Haman’s father and Haman’s people group.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

גִּדַּל֩ & אֲחַשְׁוֵר֜וֹשׁ אֶת־הָמָ֧ן

promoted & ʼAḩashvērōsh DOM Haman

This means that Ahasuerus promoted Haman. It’s implied in the story that Haman was already one of Ahasuerus’s officials, but that he was now being promoted to a higher position. You could say that explicitly.

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

וַֽ⁠יְנַשְּׂאֵ֑⁠הוּ וַ⁠יָּ֨שֶׂם֙ אֶת־כִּסְא֔⁠וֹ מֵ⁠עַ֕ל כָּל־הַ⁠שָּׂרִ֖ים

and,he,exalted_him and=he/it_assigned DOM seat_of,his from=under all/each/any/every the,officials

These two phrases mean the same thing. They are used together to emphasize that the king was making Haman very powerful. You could combine them and say something like, “the king gave Haman a very high position that was over all of his other officials.”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וַֽ⁠יְנַשְּׂאֵ֑⁠הוּ

and,he,exalted_him

Here, lifting is a metaphor meaning to advance or promote a person to a higher, more important position than they held previously. Alternate translation: [he gave him a more important position]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

אֶת־כִּסְא֔⁠וֹ

DOM DOM seat_of,his

Here, seat of authority means Haman’s position or status in the Persian government.

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

אֶת־כִּסְא֔⁠וֹ

DOM DOM seat_of,his

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word authority, you can express the same idea with a concrete noun for this whole phrase. For example, you can say, “his position.”

מֵ⁠עַ֕ל כָּל־הַ⁠שָּׂרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽ⁠וֹ

from=under all/each/any/every the,officials which/who with=him/it

Him in this phrase may refer to the king. You could say that “the king promoted him above his other officials” or “gave him more authority than all of his other officials” or that “Haman became more important than all of his other officials.”