OET interlinear EZRA 9:7

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

מִ⁠ימֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֗י⁠נוּ

from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our

The term days is used here to refer a particular period of time. Alternate translation: [From the time when our ancestors lived]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

אֲבֹתֵ֗י⁠נוּ

our_ancestors_of,our

Fathers here, means “ancestors.” Alternate translation: [our ancestors]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה

until the=day (Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

In this context, day does not refer to one specific day, but rather, to a more general time. Alternate translation: [until this time]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

אֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙ בְּ⁠אַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה

we (Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

Here, Ezra speaks of the disobedience of the Israelites by reference to something associated with it, the guilt that it has caused. Alternate translation: [we have consistently disobeyed you]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

אֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙

we

By we here, Ezra is referring to all of the Jewish people. See the UST.

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

בְּ⁠אַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun guilt with a verb such as “disobey.” Alternate translation: [consistently disobeyed you]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩ מְלָכֵ֨י⁠נוּ כֹהֲנֵ֜י⁠נוּ בְּ⁠יַ֣ד ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֗וֹת

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: [you put us, our kings, and our priests into the hands of foreign rulers]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩ מְלָכֵ֨י⁠נוּ כֹהֲנֵ֜י⁠נוּ בְּ⁠יַ֣ד ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֗וֹת

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

Here, hand represents power and control. Alternate translation: [you allowed foreign rulers to conquer us, our kings, and our priests]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

מַלְכֵ֣י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֗וֹת

kings_of of,the_lands

The kings of the lands would be the rulers of the “people of the lands” whom Ezra mentions in [9:1](../09/01.md) and [9:2](../09/02.md), and of similar foreign people groups. Alternate translation: [foreign rulers]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

בַּ⁠חֶ֜רֶב בַּ⁠שְּׁבִ֧י וּ⁠בַ⁠בִּזָּ֛ה וּ⁠בְ⁠בֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

Other than by sword, these are not the means by which the foreign rulers conquered the Israelites. Rather, they are primarily things that happened to the Israelites after they were conquered. It may be helpful to make this a separate sentence. Alternate translation: [They killed some of us, they took others of us away from our homeland, they stole the things that belonged to us, and all of this has made us greatly ashamed]

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

בַּ⁠חֶ֜רֶב

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

The sword represents killing, by reference to one kind of weapon that can kill a person. Alternate translation: [who killed some of us]

Note 12 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

בַּ⁠שְּׁבִ֧י

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun captivity with a verb such as “take away.” Alternate translation: [who took others away from our homeland]

Note 13 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

וּ⁠בַ⁠בִּזָּ֛ה

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun plunder with a verb such as “steal.” Alternate translation: [who stole the things that belonged to us]

Note 14 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

וּ⁠בְ⁠בֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun shame with a word such as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: [and all of this has made us greatly ashamed]

Note 15 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

וּ⁠בְ⁠בֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

Here, Ezra uses the face to describe the whole person figuratively, by reference to one part of a person, their face, which would show their shame by its expression. Alternate translation: [and made us greatly ashamed]

Note 16 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

כְּ⁠הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה

(Some words not found in UHB: from,the_days_of our_ancestors_of,our we [have,been]_in_guilt great until the=day the=this and,in,iniquities_of,our given we kings_of,our priests_of,our in,the_hand_of kings_of of,the_lands by,sword by,captivity and,by,plunder and,by,shame_of utter as,the,day (the),this )

In this context, day does not refer to one specific day, but rather to a more general time that includes the day that Ezra is praying to God. Alternate translation: [and that is still our situation now]