YNA 1:7 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. וַ,יֹּאמְרוּ
2. 530222,530223
3. And they said
4. Then said So they and
5. 559
6. SV-C,Vqw3mp
7. and=they_said
8. S
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370688
1. אִישׁ
2. 530224
3. each
4. -
5. 376
6. S-Ncmsa
7. each
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370689
1. אֶל
2. 530225
3. to
4. -
5. 413
6. S-R
7. to
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370690
2. 530226
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 370691
1. רֵעֵ,הוּ
2. 530227,530228
3. his/its neighbour
4. -
5. 7453
6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
7. his/its=neighbour
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370692
1. לְכוּ
2. 530229
3. come
4. -
5. 3212
6. V-Vqv2mp
7. come
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370693
1. וְ,נַפִּילָה
2. 530230,530231
3. and let us throw
4. -
5. 5307
6. SV-C,Vhh1cp
7. and,let_us_cast
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370694
1. גוֹרָלוֹת
2. 530232
3. lots
4. -
5. 1486
6. O-Ncmpa
7. lots
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370695
1. וְ,נֵדְעָה
2. 530233,530234
3. so that we may know
4. we
5. 3045
6. SV-C,Vqh1cp
7. so,that_we_may_know
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370696
1. בְּ,שֶׁ,לְּ,מִי
2. 530235,530236,530237,530238
3. by which of whom
4. whose that in
5. 4310
6. P-R,Tr,R,Ti
7. by,which,of,whom?
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370697
1. הָ,רָעָה
2. 530239,530240
3. the evil
4. -
6. S-Td,Ncfsa
7. the,evil
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370698
1. הַ,זֹּאת
2. 530241,530242
3. (the) this
4. -
5. 2063
6. S-Td,Pdxfs
7. (the),this
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370699
1. לָ,נוּ
2. 530243,530244
3. to/for us
4. -
6. P-R,Sp1cp
7. to/for=us
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370700
1. וַ,יַּפִּלוּ
2. 530245,530246
3. and they throw
4. -
5. 5307
6. SV-C,Vhw3mp
7. and,they_cast
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370701
1. גּוֹרָלוֹת
2. 530247
3. lots
4. -
5. 1486
6. O-Ncmpa
7. lots
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370702
1. וַ,יִּפֹּל
2. 530248,530249
3. and it fell
4. it
5. 5307
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
7. and,it_fell
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370703
1. הַ,גּוֹרָל
2. 530250,530251
3. the lot
4. -
5. 1486
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
7. the,lot
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370704
1. עַל
2. 530252
3. on
4. -
6. S-R
7. on
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370705
2. 530253
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 370706
1. יוֹנָה
2. 530254
3. Yōnāh/(Jonah)
4. Yonah
5. 3124
6. S-Np
7. Jonah
8. -
9. Person=Jonah; Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370707
2. 530255
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 370708

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:1–17: The LORD told Jonah to take a message to the people of Nineveh but Jonah disobeyed

This section tells about the LORD’s command to Jonah to preach a message of judgment and destruction to the people of Nineveh, the capital city of Assyria. Jonah, however, disobeyed the LORD and tried to flee from him; he got on a ship heading for Tarshish, a city in the opposite direction.

1:7a

“Come!” said the sailors to one another.

¶ Then the sailors said to each other,

1:7b

“Let us cast lots to find out who is responsible for this calamity that is upon us.”

“We^(incl) must cast lots to find out who is to blame for our trouble.”
“Let us^(incl) cast lots to show us whose fault it is that we are in danger.”

1:7a–b

“Come!” said the sailors to one another. “Let us cast lots to find out who is responsible for this calamity that is upon us.”: There is a jump in the narrative at this point. The BSB just moves to the next action but in your language it may be necessary to fill in some of the missing steps. Between 1:6 and 1:7, the sailors had noticed that their prayers did not seem to be working. Also, the captain and Jonah had had time to get back to the deck of the ship. Decide whether you need to make any of these steps explicit in your translation.

“Come!”…“Let us cast lots to find out who is responsible for this calamity that is upon us.”: As the situation became more dangerous and their prayers didn’t work, the sailors decided that the storm had happened because someone on the ship had done something to offend one of the gods. So they decided to cast lots to find out who the guilty person was.

“Come!”: You should probably not translate this literally. The Hebrew word here has the sense in English of “come on, let us do something.” GNT and NJPS just omit it.

cast lots: People often cast lots to determine the cause of events which puzzle them. The way the lots were actually cast on this occasion is not known. Perhaps the sailors threw dice or drew straws. Another possibility is that each person’s name was written on small tablets or pieces of wood. One of these tablets was then picked at random. The person whose name was on the chosen tablet would be the person who was at fault. You should try, if possible, to use an expression which does not identify a particular method of casting lots.

1:7c

So they cast lots, and the lot fell on Jonah.

So they cast lots, and the lot which was chosen indicated that Jonah was at fault.
So they cast lots, and Jonah was the one chosen by the lot.

the lot fell on Jonah: Jonah was picked out by lot. This proved to the others on the ship that he was the one responsible for the storm, or at least that he knew something about why it had happened.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וַ⁠יֹּאמְר֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֗⁠הוּ

and=they_said (a)_man to/towards his/its=neighbour

The phrase a man to his friend is an idiom expressing reciprocal action. This means that the group together decided to do this. Alternate translation: [Then the sailors all said to each other]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

לְכוּ֙ וְ⁠נַפִּ֣ילָה גֽוֹרָל֔וֹת

come and,let_us_cast lots

Here, Come is an idiom that invites the hearer to begin an action with the speaker that the speaker names next. If Come does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning, state the meaning plainly, or omit the word. Alternate translation: [Listen! We should cast lots] or [We should do this: cast lots]

Note 3 topic: translate-unknown

וְ⁠נַפִּ֣ילָה גֽוֹרָל֔וֹת

and,let_us_cast lots

We do not know the exact method that the sailors used to cast lots. It may have been with marked stones or pieces of wood. It was their method of getting a god to answer a question. If you have a name in your language for casting lots to get an answer to a question, consider using it here.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠נֵ֣דְעָ֔ה בְּ⁠שֶׁ⁠לְּ⁠מִ֛י הָ⁠רָעָ֥ה הַ⁠זֹּ֖את לָ֑⁠נוּ

so,that_we_may_know by,which,of,whom? the,evil (the),this to/for=us

The phrase so that we may know implies that the men believed that the gods would control how the lots fell in order to tell them what they wanted to know. This was a form of divination. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [so that the gods can tell us who has caused this trouble]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

הָ⁠רָעָ֥ה הַ⁠זֹּ֖את

the,evil (the),this

The sailors are using the general term this evil to speak of the storm. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: [this awful storm]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וַ⁠יִּפֹּ֥ל הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֖ל עַל־יוֹנָֽה

and,it_fell the,lot on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in Yōnāh/(Jonah)

The expression the lot fell on Jonah is an idiom meaning that when the men cast lots, the result indicated Jonah. This does not mean that the lot literally fell down on top of Jonah. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and the lot showed that Jonah was the guilty person]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Hebrew word
5. Hebrew lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. And they said
2. Then said So they and
3. 1987,683
5. 530222,530223
6. SV-C,Vqw3mp
8. S
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370688
1. each
2. -
3. 266
5. 530224
6. S-Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370689
1. to
2. -
3. 369
5. 530225
6. S-R
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370690
1. his/its neighbour
2. -
3. 7161,1978
5. 530227,530228
6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370692
1. come
2. -
3. 1984
5. 530229
6. V-Vqv2mp
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370693
1. and let us throw
2. -
3. 1987,5194
5. 530230,530231
6. SV-C,Vhh1cp
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370694
1. lots
2. -
3. 1593
5. 530232
6. O-Ncmpa
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370695
1. so that we may know
2. we
3. 1987,3207
5. 530233,530234
6. SV-C,Vqh1cp
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370696
1. by which of whom
2. whose that in
3. 846,7646,3705,4077
5. 530235,530236,530237,530238
6. P-R,Tr,R,Ti
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370697
1. the evil
2. -
3. 1893,7321
5. 530239,530240
6. S-Td,Ncfsa
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370698
1. (the) this
2. -
3. 1893,2146
5. 530241,530242
6. S-Td,Pdxfs
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370699
1. to/for us
2. -
3. 3705,1978
5. 530243,530244
6. P-R,Sp1cp
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370700
1. and they throw
2. -
3. 1987,5194
5. 530245,530246
6. SV-C,Vhw3mp
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370701
1. lots
2. -
3. 1593
5. 530247
6. O-Ncmpa
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370702
1. and it fell
2. it
3. 1987,5194
5. 530248,530249
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370703
1. the lot
2. -
3. 1893,1593
5. 530250,530251
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370704
1. on
2. -
3. 5837
5. 530252
6. S-R
8. -
9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370705
1. Yōnāh/(Jonah)
2. Yonah
3. 3376
5. 530254
6. S-Np
8. -
9. Person=Jonah; Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
10. 370707

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.