2 PET 2:18 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ὑπέρογκα
2. huperogkos
3. arrogant messages
4. -
5. 52460
6. S····ANP
7. arrogant ‹messages›
8. arrogant ‹words›
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151253
1. Γάρ
2. gar
3. For/Because
4. because
5. 10630
6. C·······
7. for
8. for
9. S
10. Y66
11. 151254
1. ματαιότητος
2. mataiotēs
3. of uselessness
4. -
5. 31530
6. N····GFS
7. ˱of˲ uselessness
8. ˱of˲ uselessness
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151255
1. ματαιότης
2. mataiotēs
3. -
4. -
5. 31530
6. N····NFS
7. uselessness ‹are›
8. uselessness ‹are›
9. -
10. -
11. 151256
1. φθεγγόμενοι
2. ftheŋgomai
3. speaking
4. speak
5. 53500
6. VPPM·NMP
7. speaking
8. speaking
9. -
10. Y66; R151105
11. 151257
1. δελεάζουσιν
2. deleazō
3. they are enticing
4. they entice
5. 11850
6. VIPA3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓are˒ enticing
8. ˱they˲ ˓are˒ enticing
9. -
10. Y66; R151105
11. 151258
1. ἐν
2. en
3. with
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. with
8. with
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151259
1. ἐπιθυμίαις
2. epithumia
3. +the lusts
4. lusts
5. 19390
6. N····DFP
7. ˓the˒ lusts
8. ˓the˒ lusts
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151260
1. σαρκός
2. sarka
3. of +the flesh
4. fleshly
5. 45610
6. N····GFS
7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ flesh
8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ flesh
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151261
1. ἀσελγείαις
2. aselgeia
3. to wantonness
4. -
5. 7660
6. N····DFP
7. ˱to˲ wantonness
8. ˱to˲ wantonness
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151262
1. τούς
2. ho
3. the ones
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····AMP
7. the ‹ones›
8. the ‹ones›
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151263
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ˱of˲ the ‹one›
8. ˱of˲ the ‹one›
9. -
10. -
11. 151264
1. ὀλίγως
2. oligōs
3. slightly
4. -
5. 36435
6. D·······
7. slightly
8. slightly
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151265
1. ὄντως
2. ontōs
3. -
4. -
5. 36890
6. D·······
7. really
8. really
9. -
10. -
11. 151266
1. ἀποφεύγοντας
2. apofeugō
3. escaping from
4. escaped
5. 6680
6. VPPA·AMP
7. escaping_from
8. escaping_from
9. -
10. Y66; F151276; F151293; F151310; F151311; F151313; F151323; F151327; F151333; F151338; F151344; F151349
11. 151267
1. ἀποφυγόντας
2. apofeugō
3. -
4. -
5. 6680
6. VPAA·AMP
7. ˓having˒ escaped_from
8. ˓having˒ escaped_from
9. -
10. -
11. 151268
1. αποφθέγγοντας
2. apoftheŋgomai
3. -
4. -
5. 6690
6. VPPA·AMP
7. speaking_out
8. speaking_out
9. -
10. -
11. 151269
1. τούς
2. ho
3. the ones
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····AMP
7. the ‹ones›
8. the ‹ones›
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151270
1. ἐν
2. en
3. in
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151271
1. πλάνῃ
2. planē
3. deception
4. -
5. 41060
6. N····DFS
7. deception
8. deception
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151272
1. ἀναστρεφομένους
2. anastrefō
3. being conducted
4. -
5. 3900
6. VPPP·AMP
7. ˓being˒ conducted
8. ˓being˒ conducted
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151273

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:1–22: Peter warned believers against false teachers

In this section, Peter warned the people who read his letter against false teachers who behaved wickedly and who would try to encourage believers to behave in the same immoral way as they did. But God would certainly destroy these false teachers.

Many of the verses in this section are similar to verses in Jude’s letter. Whoever wrote second, Peter or Jude, may have had a copy of the other one’s letter and used words and ideas out of that letter. Or perhaps someone else had written something with similar words and ideas in it, and Peter and Jude both used words and ideas from that writing. Why these two letters are so similar is not the most important thing. But if you have already translated Jude, it is important to have that translation open in front of you while you are studying and translating this section of 2 Peter. However be careful not to copy any verse exactly from Jude’s letter to your translation of 2 Peter, because there are differences between them which must remain in your translation.

Paragraph 2:17–22

Peter continued to describe the wicked way that the false teachers behaved. Because they were so wicked, God was reserving a place in hell for them.

Peter used many metaphors and other figures of speech in this paragraph. This makes his words very vivid. You may not be able to use the same figurative language in your translation, but try to find other ways of making your translation as vivid as the original.

2:18

When the false teachers were teaching people, they used words and phrases which sounded very impressive and important, but really didn’t mean much. However, because what they said sounded impressive, it deceived people who had recently become Christians and encouraged them to live in an immoral way.

2:18a

With lofty but empty words,

When they teach people, what they say sounds important, but it is worthless.

lofty but empty words: Peter used two words in Greek which contrast with each other. The teaching of the false teachers was impressive or lofty (literally “very big, excessive”), but at the same time, it was also empty, it had no value or sense.

2:18b

they appeal to the sensual passions of the flesh

They tell people that they can do the shameful things their bodies want to do,

Because what the false teachers said sounded so impressive, it deceived people and they believed it and acted in the way the false teachers said they could.

they appeal to the sensual passions of the flesh: This refers to behaving in a sexually immoral way, acting according to what their bodies told them and what they wanted to do. See the note on 2:2a. The false teachers enticed the new Christians away from the truth by teaching them that they were free to act immorally if they wanted to.

2:18c

and entice those who are just escaping from others who live in error.

and they use that promise as a bait to lure people away from the true/right way to live. The people whom they lure away have only recently stopped behaving like those who do those evil things.

entice: The Greek word which BSB translates as entice here is the same word as Peter used in verse 14 (BSB “seduce”). It literally means “to lure/trap/catch with bait.” Peter has used it in a figurative way in both verses; what the false teachers say and what they promise (verse 19) sounds so good that it attracts people away from the true teaching and way to live, in the same way that a person uses bait to attract an animal so he can catch it.

those who are just escaping from others who live in error: This probably refers to people who had recently become Christians. Peter was probably referring to the same people as in verse 14, where he described them as “the unstable.” They were new Christians who did not yet completely understand all they believed.

Here Peter described becoming a Christian as “escaping from others who live in error.” Peter did not mean that they had run away from the non-Christians, but that they no longer behaved in the same wrong way as those people did.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὑπέρογκα Γάρ ματαιότητος φθεγγόμενοι δελεάζουσιν ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκός ἀσελγείαις τούς ὀλίγως ἀποφεύγοντας τούς ἐν πλάνῃ ἀναστρεφομένους)

Here, For indicates the reason why the false teachers are reserved for punishment in the gloom of darkness, as mentioned in the previous verse. Alternate translation: [This is so because]

ὑπέρογκα & ματαιότητος φθεγγόμενοι

arrogant_‹words› & ˱of˲_uselessness speaking

This clause indicates the means by which the false teachers entice others to sin. Alternate translation: [by means of speaking arrogant things of vanity]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

ὑπέρογκα & ματαιότητος

arrogant_‹words› & ˱of˲_uselessness

Peter is using the possessive form to describe arrogant speech that is characterized by vanity. Alternate translation: [vain, arrogant things] or [vain and arrogant things]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ματαιότητος

˱of˲_uselessness

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun vanity with an adjective, such as “vain.”

Note 4 topic: writing-pronouns

δελεάζουσιν ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκὸς

˱they˲_˓are˒_enticing with ˓the˒_lusts (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὑπέρογκα Γάρ ματαιότητος φθεγγόμενοι δελεάζουσιν ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκός ἀσελγείαις τούς ὀλίγως ἀποφεύγοντας τούς ἐν πλάνῃ ἀναστρεφομένους)

Here, the pronoun they refers to the false teachers introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: [these false teachers entice by the lusts of the flesh]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκὸς

with ˓the˒_lusts in (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὑπέρογκα Γάρ ματαιότητος φθεγγόμενοι δελεάζουσιν ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκός ἀσελγείαις τούς ὀλίγως ἀποφεύγοντας τούς ἐν πλάνῃ ἀναστρεφομένους)

Here, flesh is used to refer to a person’s sinful nature. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the literal meaning for the metaphor. Alternate translation: [by the lusts of their sinful natures]

ἀσελγείαις

˱to˲_wantonness

Here, licentious acts refers to immoral sexual actions that demonstrate a lack of self-control. See how you translated this term in [2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: [uncontrolled sensual acts]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τοὺς ὀλίγως ἀποφεύγοντας τοὺς ἐν πλάνῃ ἀναστρεφομένους

Here, Peter speaks of people who recently became believers as those barely escaping from sinful humanity. He also refers to unbelievers who still live according to their sinful desires as those living in error. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor plainly. Alternate translation: [people who recently ceased living sinfully as other people do]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. For/Because
2. because
3. 10630
4. S
5. gar
6. C-·······
7. for
8. for
9. S
10. Y66
11. 151254
1. speaking
2. speak
3. 53500
5. ftheŋgomai
6. V-PPM·NMP
7. speaking
8. speaking
9. -
10. Y66; R151105
11. 151257
1. arrogant messages
2. -
3. 52460
5. huperogkos
6. S-····ANP
7. arrogant ‹messages›
8. arrogant ‹words›
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151253
1. of uselessness
2. -
3. 31530
5. mataiotēs
6. N-····GFS
7. ˱of˲ uselessness
8. ˱of˲ uselessness
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151255
1. they are enticing
2. they entice
3. 11850
5. deleazō
6. V-IPA3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓are˒ enticing
8. ˱they˲ ˓are˒ enticing
9. -
10. Y66; R151105
11. 151258
1. with
2. -
3. 17220
5. en
6. P-·······
7. with
8. with
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151259
1. +the lusts
2. lusts
3. 19390
5. epithumia
6. N-····DFP
7. ˓the˒ lusts
8. ˓the˒ lusts
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151260
1. of +the flesh
2. fleshly
3. 45610
5. sarka
6. N-····GFS
7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ flesh
8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ flesh
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151261
1. to wantonness
2. -
3. 7660
5. aselgeia
6. N-····DFP
7. ˱to˲ wantonness
8. ˱to˲ wantonness
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151262
1. the ones
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····AMP
7. the ‹ones›
8. the ‹ones›
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151263
1. slightly
2. -
3. 36435
5. oligōs
6. D-·······
7. slightly
8. slightly
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151265
1. escaping from
2. escaped
3. 6680
5. apofeugō
6. V-PPA·AMP
7. escaping_from
8. escaping_from
9. -
10. Y66; F151276; F151293; F151310; F151311; F151313; F151323; F151327; F151333; F151338; F151344; F151349
11. 151267
1. the ones
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····AMP
7. the ‹ones›
8. the ‹ones›
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151270
1. being conducted
2. -
3. 3900
5. anastrefō
6. V-PPP·AMP
7. ˓being˒ conducted
8. ˓being˒ conducted
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151273
1. in
2. -
3. 17220
5. en
6. P-·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151271
1. deception
2. -
3. 41060
5. planē
6. N-····DFS
7. deception
8. deception
9. -
10. Y66
11. 151272

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear 2 PET 2:18

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 2:1–22: Peter warned believers against false teachers

Paragraph 2:17–22

2:18

2:18a

2:18b

2:18c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

OET interlinear 2 PET 2:18

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 2:1–22: Peter warned believers against false teachers

Paragraph 2:17–22

2:18

2:18a

2:18b

2:18c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

OET interlinear 2 PET 2:18