2 PET 2:1 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἐγένοντο
2. ginomai
3. became
4. -
5. 10960
6. VIAM3··P
7. became
8. became
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150921
1. Δέ
2. de
3. But
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. PS
10. Y66
11. 150922
1. καί
2. kai
3. also
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150923
1. ψευδοπροφῆται
2. pseudoprofētēs
3. false prophets
4. prophets
5. 55780
6. N····NMP
7. false_prophets
8. false_prophets
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150924
1. ἐν
2. en
3. among
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. among
8. among
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150925
1. τῷ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150926
1. λαῷ
2. laos
3. people
4. people
5. 29920
6. N····DMS
7. people
8. people
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150927
1. ὡς
2. hōs
3. as
4. -
5. 56130
6. C·······
7. as
8. as
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150928
1. καί
2. kai
3. also
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150929
1. ἐν
2. en
3. among
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. among
8. among
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150930
1. ὑμῖν
2. su
3. you all
4. you
5. 47710
6. R···2D·P
7. you_all
8. you_all
9. -
10. Y66; R150668
11. 150931
1. ἔσονται
2. eimi
3. will be
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIFM3··P
7. will_be
8. will_be
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150932
1. ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι
2. pseudodidaskalos
3. false teachers
4. teachers
5. 55720
6. N····NMP
7. false_teachers
8. false_teachers
9. -
10. Y66; F150934; F150943; F150944; F150946; F150952; F150971; F150972; F150984
11. 150933
1. οἵτινες
2. hostis
3. who
4. -
5. 37480
6. R····NMP
7. who
8. who
9. -
10. Y66; R150933
11. 150934
1. παρεισάξουσιν
2. pareisagō
3. will be sneaking in
4. sneakily
5. 39190
6. VIFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ sneaking_in
8. ˓will_be˒ sneaking_in
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150935
1. αἱρέσεις
2. airesis
3. sects
4. -
5. 1390
6. N····AFP
7. sects
8. sects
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150936
1. ἀπωλείας
2. apōleia
3. of destruction
4. -
5. 6840
6. N····GFS
7. ˱of˲ destruction
8. ˱of˲ destruction
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150937
1. καί
2. kai
3. even
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. even
8. even
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150938
1. τόν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150939
1. ἀγοράσαντα
2. agorazō
3. having bought
4. bought
5. 590
6. VPAA·AMS
7. ˓having˒ bought
8. ˓having˒ bought
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150940
1. αὐτούς
2. autos
3. them
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMP
7. them
8. them
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150941
1. Δεσπότην
2. despotēs
3. master
4. master
5. 12030
6. N····AMS
7. Master
8. Master
9. G
10. Y66
11. 150942
1. ἀρνούμενοι
2. arneomai
3. disowning
4. -
5. 7200
6. VPPM·NMP
7. disowning
8. disowning
9. -
10. Y66; R150933
11. 150943
1. ἐπάγοντες
2. epagō
3. bringing upon
4. bringing
5. 18630
6. VPPA·NMP
7. bringing_upon
8. bringing_upon
9. -
10. Y66; R150933
11. 150944
1. αὐτοῖς
2. autos
3. -
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3DMP
7. ˱upon˲ themselves
8. ˱upon˲ themselves
9. -
10. -
11. 150945
1. ἑαυτοῖς
2. heautou
3. upon themselves
4. themselves
5. 14380
6. R···3DMP
7. ˱upon˲ themselves
8. ˱upon˲ themselves
9. -
10. Y66; R150933
11. 150946
1. ταχινήν
2. taχinos
3. quick
4. -
5. 50310
6. A····AFS
7. quick
8. quick
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150947
1. ἀπώλειαν
2. apōleia
3. destruction
4. -
5. 6840
6. N····AFS
7. destruction
8. destruction
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150948

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:1–22: Peter warned believers against false teachers

In this section, Peter warned the people who read his letter against false teachers who behaved wickedly and who would try to encourage believers to behave in the same immoral way as they did. But God would certainly destroy these false teachers.

Many of the verses in this section are similar to verses in Jude’s letter. Whoever wrote second, Peter or Jude, may have had a copy of the other one’s letter and used words and ideas out of that letter. Or perhaps someone else had written something with similar words and ideas in it, and Peter and Jude both used words and ideas from that writing. Why these two letters are so similar is not the most important thing. But if you have already translated Jude, it is important to have that translation open in front of you while you are studying and translating this section of 2 Peter. However be careful not to copy any verse exactly from Jude’s letter to your translation of 2 Peter, because there are differences between them which must remain in your translation.

Paragraph 2:1–3

Peter warned that false teachers would come and deceive many people, but he also said that God would punish these false teachers in the end.

2:1

In the history of the Jewish people there had been many false prophets. Peter warned that, in the same way, false teachers would come among the Christians.

2:1a

Now there were also false prophets among the people,

¶ Long ago there were also prophets among God’s people who spoke lies in the name of God.
¶ Long ago, as well as true prophets there were also people among God’s people who said that they were speaking messages from God but were really lying.

Now: At the end of chapter 1 Peter had been talking about true prophets. He used the word Now here to contrast these true prophets with the false prophets who had come among God’s people in the past. GNT and CEV do not retain this link. Another way to show the link would be as follows:

But, in the past, even though there were true prophets, there were also men among God’s people who said that they were prophets, but they taught lies, not the truth.

false prophets: These are people who say that their messages come directly from God, but they are lying.

the people: Jews used the phrase “the people” to refer to themselves, God’s chosen people, the Jewish people. Here, Peter was referring to the Jewish people, the people of Israel, in the time of the OT.

2:1b

just as there will be false teachers among you.

In the same way, among you^(plur) there will be people who become teachers who teach lies.
In the same way, as well as those who teach you^(plur) true things about God there will be people among you who teach you lies instead.

2:1c

They will secretly introduce destructive heresies,

They will teach lies about God, but they will not allow anyone to know that they are lies. These lies will ruin the people who believe them.
They will teach lies while pretending to teach the truth. These lies will ruin the hearts of those people who believe them.

2:1b-c

false teachers This refers to those who were teaching the “destructive heresies".

secretly introduce: These words translate a single Greek verb that means “bring in,” and which sometimes means even more: “bring in secretly so that other people will not notice what is happening.” Many scholars believe that it has this extra meaning here. So BSB translates it secretly introduce, see also JB: “insinuate” and RSV “secretly bring in.” But GNT and NEB do not include this extra meaning.

destructive heresies: Heresy is a doctrine or teaching about God which is untrue. Such teachings lead people to live wickedly. When people live wickedly, God judges them. This is how heresies destroy them.

2:1d

even denying the Master who bought them—

These teachers will even disown Christ their Master who set them freefrom sin.

denying the Master: The Greek word here that BSB translates denying means “to deny, disown someone.” Here it probably means that although these people said that they followed Christ, they showed by what they did and by what they taught other people, that they did not really follow his teachings. It could also mean that they were “denying” Christ by saying untrue things about him like “he didn’t die for our sins.”

Master: This translates the Greek word that usually in the NT refers to God, but here clearly Peter was using it about Christ. This is the word that people used to refer to a person who owned slaves. This word fits well here because of the next words which speak about Christ buying people.

who bought them: When Peter said Jesus “bought” people, he is using a metaphor. When Jesus died on the cross, the blood he shed was like the money someone gives the owner of a slave so that the slave can be free from his old master and can have a new master.

2:1e

bringing swift destruction on themselves.

Because they do that, they will cause God to destroy them soon.
They will cause their own ruin to come soon.

bringing swift destruction on themselves: Peter said that the way the false teachers were behaving would cause God to destroy them.

swift: The Greek word which BSB translates swift can mean “sudden” or “imminent, soon.” It is the same word that Peter used in 1:14 when he said that he would die soon, and that is probably the meaning here. He is not saying that God would suddenly destroy the false teachers, but that he would do it soon.

destruction: The Greek word apōleia, “destruction,” is the same word as BSB translated “destructive” in 2:1c. It means “destruction, loss, ruin.” Here Peter was probably not referring to physical destruction, but spiritual ruin, or he may have meant that their influence over people would be destroyed. See destroy in KBT.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

δὲ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐγένοντο Δέ καί ψευδοπροφῆται ἐν τῷ λαῷ ὡς καί ἐν ὑμῖν ἔσονται ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι οἵτινες παρεισάξουσιν αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας καί τόν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτούς Δεσπότην ἀρνούμενοι ἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινήν ἀπώλειαν)

The term translated Now could refer to: (1) a new topic expressed by Now in the ULT. (2) a contrast between the false prophets in this clause and the true Old Testament prophets mentioned in the previous verse. Alternate translation: [But]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐν τῷ λαῷ

among the people

Here, the people refers specifically to the Israelites. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this explicitly. Alternate translation: [the people of Israel] or [the Israelites]

Note 3 topic: translate-unknown

αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας

sects ˱of˲_destruction

Here, heresies refers to opinions that are contrary to the teaching of Christ and the apostles. Alternate translation: [opinions of destruction]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας,

sects ˱of˲_destruction

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun destruction with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: [destructive heresies] or [heresies that destroy]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας

sects ˱of˲_destruction

Peter is using the possessive form to describe an opinion that is characterized by destruction. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the adjective “destructive” instead of the noun “destruction.” Alternate translation: [destructive heresies]

αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας

sects ˱of˲_destruction

Here, destruction could refer to: (1) the eternal damnation of those who teach or accept these heresies. Alternate translation: [heresies that result in their eternal damnation] (2) the destruction of the faith of those who teach or accept these heresies. Alternate translation: [heresies that destroy their faith in the Messiah]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτοὺς Δεσπότην

Here, master refers to Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: [master Jesus who bought them]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τὸν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτοὺς Δεσπότην

Peter uses the phrase the master who bought to speak of Jesus as the owner of the people he has saved from damnation by paying the penalty for their sins with his death. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this plainly. Alternate translation: [Jesus who saved them]

Note 8 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

ἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν

bringing_upon ˱upon˲_themselves (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐγένοντο Δέ καί ψευδοπροφῆται ἐν τῷ λαῷ ὡς καί ἐν ὑμῖν ἔσονται ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι οἵτινες παρεισάξουσιν αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας καί τόν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτούς Δεσπότην ἀρνούμενοι ἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινήν ἀπώλειαν)

Here, bringing indicates that this clause is the result of the deeds of the false teachers described in the previous clauses. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make a new sentence here and state this connection plainly. Alternate translation: [As a result, they are bringing swift destruction on themselves.]

ταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν

Here,swift could mean: (1) their destruction will come soon. Alternate translation: [destruction that will happen soon] or [imminent destruction] (2) their destruction will be sudden or quick. Alternate translation: [quick destruction]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun destruction with a verb, such as “destroy.” Alternate translation: [they are causing themselves to be destroyed soon]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. But
2. -
3. 11610
4. PS
5. de
6. C-·······
7. but
8. but
9. PS
10. Y66
11. 150922
1. false prophets
2. prophets
3. 55780
5. pseudoprofētēs
6. N-····NMP
7. false_prophets
8. false_prophets
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150924
1. also
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. D-·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150923
1. became
2. -
3. 10960
5. ginomai
6. V-IAM3··P
7. became
8. became
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150921
1. among
2. -
3. 17220
5. en
6. P-·······
7. among
8. among
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150925
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····DMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150926
1. people
2. people
3. 29920
5. laos
6. N-····DMS
7. people
8. people
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150927
1. as
2. -
3. 56130
5. hōs
6. C-·······
7. as
8. as
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150928
1. also
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. D-·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150929
1. among
2. -
3. 17220
5. en
6. P-·······
7. among
8. among
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150930
1. you all
2. you
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2D·P
7. you_all
8. you_all
9. -
10. Y66; R150668
11. 150931
1. will be
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IFM3··P
7. will_be
8. will_be
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150932
1. false teachers
2. teachers
3. 55720
5. pseudodidaskalos
6. N-····NMP
7. false_teachers
8. false_teachers
9. -
10. Y66; F150934; F150943; F150944; F150946; F150952; F150971; F150972; F150984
11. 150933
1. who
2. -
3. 37480
5. hostis
6. R-····NMP
7. who
8. who
9. -
10. Y66; R150933
11. 150934
1. will be sneaking in
2. sneakily
3. 39190
5. pareisagō
6. V-IFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ sneaking_in
8. ˓will_be˒ sneaking_in
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150935
1. sects
2. -
3. 1390
5. airesis
6. N-····AFP
7. sects
8. sects
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150936
1. of destruction
2. -
3. 6840
5. apōleia
6. N-····GFS
7. ˱of˲ destruction
8. ˱of˲ destruction
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150937
1. even
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. D-·······
7. even
8. even
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150938
1. disowning
2. -
3. 7200
5. arneomai
6. V-PPM·NMP
7. disowning
8. disowning
9. -
10. Y66; R150933
11. 150943
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150939
1. master
2. master
3. 12030
4. G
5. despotēs
6. N-····AMS
7. Master
8. Master
9. G
10. Y66
11. 150942
1. having bought
2. bought
3. 590
5. agorazō
6. V-PAA·AMS
7. ˓having˒ bought
8. ˓having˒ bought
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150940
1. them
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AMP
7. them
8. them
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150941
1. bringing upon
2. bringing
3. 18630
5. epagō
6. V-PPA·NMP
7. bringing_upon
8. bringing_upon
9. -
10. Y66; R150933
11. 150944
1. upon themselves
2. themselves
3. 14380
5. heautou
6. R-···3DMP
7. ˱upon˲ themselves
8. ˱upon˲ themselves
9. -
10. Y66; R150933
11. 150946
1. quick
2. -
3. 50310
5. taχinos
6. A-····AFS
7. quick
8. quick
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150947
1. destruction
2. -
3. 6840
5. apōleia
6. N-····AFS
7. destruction
8. destruction
9. -
10. Y66
11. 150948

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear 2 PET 2:1

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 2:1–22: Peter warned believers against false teachers

Paragraph 2:1–3

2:1

2:1a

2:1b

2:1c

2:1b-c

2:1d

2:1e

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

OET interlinear 2 PET 2:1

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 2:1–22: Peter warned believers against false teachers

Paragraph 2:1–3

2:1

2:1a

2:1b

2:1c

2:1b-c

2:1d

2:1e

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

OET interlinear 2 PET 2:1