OET interlinear 1 TH 2:19

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

τίς γὰρ ἡμῶν ἐλπὶς ἢ χαρὰ ἢ στέφανος καυχήσεως? ἢ οὐχὶ καὶ ὑμεῖς, ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ, ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ?

who_‹is› (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τίς Γάρ ἡμῶν ἐλπίς ἤ χαρά ἤ στέφανος καυχήσεως Ἤ οὐχί καί ὑμεῖς ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ)

Paul is using the question form to to show the Thessalonians how much he and his fellow workers value and care about them. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or exclamations. Alternate translation: [For here is our hope and joy and crown of boasting: it is also you before our Lord Jesus at his coming!] or [For you are our hope and joy and crown of boasting before our Lord Jesus at his coming.]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

τίς & ἡμῶν ἐλπὶς ἢ χαρὰ ἢ στέφανος καυχήσεως

who_‹is› & ˱of˲_us (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τίς Γάρ ἡμῶν ἐλπίς ἤ χαρά ἤ στέφανος καυχήσεως Ἤ οὐχί καί ὑμεῖς ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ)

In the next question, Paul identifies the hope, joy, and crown as the Thessalonians themselves. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question so that Paul is asking about people instead of things. Alternate translation: [who gives us hope and joy and a crown of boasting]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τίς & ἡμῶν ἐλπὶς ἢ χαρὰ ἢ στέφανος καυχήσεως

who_‹is› & ˱of˲_us (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τίς Γάρ ἡμῶν ἐλπίς ἤ χαρά ἤ στέφανος καυχήσεως Ἤ οὐχί καί ὑμεῖς ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ)

If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of hope and joy, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: [what makes us hopeful or joyful or gives us a crown of boasting]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

στέφανος καυχήσεως

˓the˒_crown ˱of˲_boasting

Here, Paul is using the possessive form to describe a crown that enables or causes boasting. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: [crown about which we boast]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

στέφανος καυχήσεως

˓the˒_crown ˱of˲_boasting

Here, Paul speaks of the honor and recognition that someone receives for accomplishing a task or goal as if it were a crown. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [reward about which we boast] or [honor about which we boast]

Note 6 topic: translate-textvariants

καυχήσεως

˱of˲_boasting

Here, many ancient manuscripts read of boasting. The ULT follows that reading. Other ancient manuscripts read “of great joy.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

καυχήσεως? ἢ οὐχὶ καὶ ὑμεῖς, ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ, ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ?

˱of˲_boasting (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τίς Γάρ ἡμῶν ἐλπίς ἤ χαρά ἤ στέφανος καυχήσεως Ἤ οὐχί καί ὑμεῖς ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ)

Here, the phrase Or is it not even you could: (1) introduce a second question that answers the first question. Paul is saying that the Thessalonians will be their hope, joy, and crown at Jesus’ coming. Alternate translation: [of boasting? In fact, is it not also you who are these things before our Lord Jesus at his coming?] (2) be a second question that answers the longer question that the phrase interrupts. In this case, you could use a form that marks the phrase as an interruption, or you could move it to the end of the verse. Alternate translation: [of boasting—is it not also you?—before our Lord Jesus at his coming?] or [of boasting before our Lord Jesus at his coming? Is it not also you?]

Note 8 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

(Occurrence 3) ἢ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τίς Γάρ ἡμῶν ἐλπίς ἤ χαρά ἤ στέφανος καυχήσεως Ἤ οὐχί καί ὑμεῖς ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ)

Here, the word Or introduces the correct answer to the question that Paul asked in the first half of the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a correct answer, or you could leave Or untranslated. Alternate translation: [Indeed,] or [In fact,]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ

before the Lord ˱of˲_us Jesus

Here, the phrase before our Lord Jesus implies that Paul, his fellow workers, and the Thessalonians will be examined by the Lord Jesus. Paul is confident that Jesus will approve of the Thessalonians, which will give Paul and his fellow workers honor and joy. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [before our Lord Jesus when he examines everyone] or [when we all are judged by the Lord Jesus]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / exclusive

(Occurrence 2) ἡμῶν

˱of˲_us

Here, the word our includes Paul, Silvanus, Timothy, the Thessalonians, and all believers. Your language may require you to mark this form.

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐν τῇ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ

at the ˱of˲_him coming

Here, the phrase his coming refers to the specific time in the future when Jesus will come back to earth, judge everyone, punish unbelievers, and reward believers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [when he comes back to earth] or [at his return to us]