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1 Th C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

1 Th 2 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20

OET interlinear 1 TH 2:15

◄ ← 1 TH 2:15 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. who
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····GMP
    7. who
    8. who
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134858
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. both
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. both
    8. both
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134859
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134860
    1. Κύριον
    2. kurios
    3. master
    4. master
    5. 29620
    6. N····AMS
    7. master
    8. Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y54
    11. 134861
    1. ἀποκτεινάντων
    2. apokteinō
    3. having killed off
    4. -
    5. 6150
    6. VPAA·GMP
    7. ˓having˒ killed_off
    8. ˓having˒ killed_off
    9. -
    10. Y54; R134857
    11. 134862
    1. Ἰησοῦν
    2. iēsous
    3. Yaʸsous
    4. -
    5. 24240
    6. N····AMS
    7. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    8. Jesus
    9. UN
    10. Person=Jesus; Y54
    11. 134863
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134864
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. their
    4. their
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. their
    8. their
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134865
    1. ἰδίους
    2. idios
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 23980
    6. E····AMP
    7. own
    8. own
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 134866
    1. προφήτας
    2. profētēs
    3. prophets
    4. prophets
    5. 43960
    6. N····AMP
    7. prophets
    8. prophets
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134867
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134868
    1. ὑμᾶς
    2. su
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2A·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 134869
    1. ἡμάς
    2. egō
    3. us
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1A·P
    7. us
    8. us
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134870
    1. ἐκδιωξάντων
    2. ekdiōkō
    3. having driven out
    4. -
    5. 15590
    6. VPAA·GMP
    7. ˓having˒ driven_out
    8. ˓having˒ driven_out
    9. -
    10. Y54; R134857
    11. 134871
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134872
    1. Θεῷ
    2. theos
    3. to god
    4. God
    5. 23160
    6. N····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ god
    8. ˱to˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y54; Person=God
    11. 134873
    1. μή
    2. mē
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 33610
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134874
    1. ἀρεσκόντων
    2. areskō
    3. bringing pleasure
    4. -
    5. 7000
    6. VPPA·GMP
    7. bringing_pleasure
    8. bringing_pleasure
    9. -
    10. Y54; R134857
    11. 134875
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. but
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134876
    1. πᾶσιν
    2. pas
    3. to all
    4. -
    5. 39560
    6. E····DMP
    7. ˱to˲ all
    8. ˱to˲ all
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134877
    1. ἀνθρώποις
    2. anthrōpos
    3. people
    4. people
    5. 4440
    6. N····DMP
    7. people
    8. people
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134878
    1. ἐναντίων
    2. enantios
    3. of contrary
    4. contrary
    5. 17270
    6. S····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ contrary
    8. ˱of˲ contrary
    9. -
    10. Y54; R134857
    11. 134879

OET (OET-LV) who both the master having_killed_off Yaʸsous, and their prophets, and us having_driven_out, and to_god not bringing_pleasure, but to_all people of_contrary,

OET (OET-RV) They executed their own prophets as well as the master Yeshua. They drove us out, displeasing God and contrary to all people—

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:13–16: Paul again thanked God for the way the Thessalonians had accepted the gospel

Paul also thanked God that the new Thessalonian believers had accepted the message that he and his companions taught them as words that truly came from God. The result was that other Thessalonians caused them to suffer just as fellow Jews had caused the new believers in Judea to suffer. Furthermore, Jews had also killed Jesus and the prophets before him. The Jews had also persecuted Paul and his companions and tried to stop them from telling non-Jews how they could be saved. Because the Jews had continued to sin greatly for a long period of time, God would soon punish them.

2:15a

who killed both the Lord Jesus and their own prophets,

who killed both the Lord Jesus and their own prophets: Here Paul refers to the Jews as a collective whole across time. The Jews who killed …their own prophets refers to people who killed some of the Old Testament prophets from many generations ago. This refers to different people than those who plotted to kill Jesus, which happened only 20 years or so before Paul wrote this letter. In both cases, although the Jews are referred to as a whole, it was only certain people, or certain groups of people who wanted to have them killed.

who killed both the Lord Jesus: Although it was Roman soldiers who actually crucified Jesus, it was the Jewish leaders who handed Jesus over to the Romans and who were therefore responsible for his death. Notice that this group of Jews was not the same group of Jews who had persecuted the Judean churches (2:14b).

their own prophets: Paul was referring to the Old Testament prophets here. A literal translation of Paul’s words in some languages may imply that the Jews had killed all the prophets, so you may need to make it clear that it was only some prophets who were killed. For example:

who killed some of their own prophets

This is not referring to a specific event where many prophets were killed. It is referring broadly to the many generations during the Old Testament period where prophets were killed. Translate in a way that refers to many years of repeated incidents with different generations of people.

2:15b

and drove us out as well.

and drove us out as well: The Greek word ekdiōkō, which the BSB translates as drove…out, can have several meanings. The commentators disagree about what it means in this verse. There are two possibilities:

  1. Paul used it with its literal meaning “to drive out.” This is what the Jews did to Paul in Thessalonica and Berea (Acts 17:5–10, 13–15). (BSB, RSV, NIV, REB, CEV, NCV)

  2. Paul used the word with the secondary meaning “to persecute.” The way that Paul and his companions were being “driven out” is just one example of how they were “being persecuted.” (KJV, GNT, GW, NET, NJB)

In the context, the first option (1) makes the most sense and is therefore recommended. The Thessalonians would easily remember how Paul and his companions had been chased away from Thessalonica.

us: Most commentators agree that us refers specifically to Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy.

2:15c

They are displeasing to God

They are displeasing to God: Commentators do not agree about how this should be understood here. There are two possibilities:

  1. The Jews were displeasing to God by the way that they were hindering Paul from preaching to the non-Jews (2:16a).

  2. The Jews were displeasing to God by the way that they were persecuting Christians.

Most English versions are ambiguous. It is recommended that you leave your translation ambiguous here if that is possible. However if you wish to make the connection clear, the Display shows one way to express the first interpretation (1).

2:15d-2:16a

and hostile to all men, hindering us from telling the Gentiles how they may be saved: The Jews were hostile to all people because they were trying to prevent believing people from sharing the Gospel with others. In Acts 13:45, 13:49, 14:2, 14:19, 17:5, and 17:13 there are examples of how the Jews tried to stop Paul from preaching to the non-Jews. They did not want God to save the non-Jews and cause them to also become part of his people. Here is another way to translate these verse parts:

they oppose everybody, trying to stop us(excl) from speaking to the non-Jews

2:15d

and hostile to all men,

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-background

τῶν καὶ τὸν Κύριον ἀποκτεινάντων Ἰησοῦν, καὶ τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐκδιωξάντων; καὶ Θεῷ μὴ ἀρεσκόντων, καὶ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐναντίων

who (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τῶν καί τόν Κύριον ἀποκτεινάντων Ἰησοῦν καί τούς προφήτας καί ἡμάς ἐκδιωξάντων καί Θεῷ μή ἀρεσκόντων καί πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐναντίων)

Paul provides this background information about “the Jews” to help readers understand exactly which Jews he is speaking about. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information. Alternate translation: [by which I mean the Jews who in the past killed both the Lord Jesus and the prophets and persecuted us and who are not pleasing God and who are hostile to all men]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / events

τῶν καὶ τὸν Κύριον ἀποκτεινάντων Ἰησοῦν, καὶ τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐκδιωξάντων

who (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τῶν καί τόν Κύριον ἀποκτεινάντων Ἰησοῦν καί τούς προφήτας καί ἡμάς ἐκδιωξάντων καί Θεῷ μή ἀρεσκόντων καί πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐναντίων)

This list of those persecuted by the people whom Paul calls “the Jews” is not chronological but emphasizes the order of importance and intensity of persecution. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the order of events clear. Alternate translation: [the ones having killed the prophets, then the Lord Jesus, and finally persecuting us]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τοὺς προφήτας

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τῶν καί τόν Κύριον ἀποκτεινάντων Ἰησοῦν καί τούς προφήτας καί ἡμάς ἐκδιωξάντων καί Θεῷ μή ἀρεσκόντων καί πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐναντίων)

Here, the phrase the prophets refers to the prophets who are mentioned in the Old Testament. These prophets were also Jewish and spoke God’s message to his people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [the Jewish prophets] or [God’s prophets]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις

˱to˲_all people

Paul says all men here as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: [to very many men] or [to the majority of men]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις

˱to˲_all people

Although the term men is masculine, Paul is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: [to all men and women]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. who
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····GMP
    7. who
    8. who
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134858
    1. both
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. both
    8. both
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134859
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134860
    1. master
    2. master
    3. 29620
    4. GN
    5. kurios
    6. N-····AMS
    7. master
    8. Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y54
    11. 134861
    1. having killed off
    2. -
    3. 6150
    5. apokteinō
    6. V-PAA·GMP
    7. ˓having˒ killed_off
    8. ˓having˒ killed_off
    9. -
    10. Y54; R134857
    11. 134862
    1. Yaʸsous
    2. -
    3. 24240
    4. UN
    5. iēsous
    6. N-····AMS
    7. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    8. Jesus
    9. UN
    10. Person=Jesus; Y54
    11. 134863
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134864
    1. their
    2. their
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. their
    8. their
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134865
    1. prophets
    2. prophets
    3. 43960
    5. profētēs
    6. N-····AMP
    7. prophets
    8. prophets
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134867
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134868
    1. us
    2. -
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1A·P
    7. us
    8. us
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134870
    1. having driven out
    2. -
    3. 15590
    5. ekdiōkō
    6. V-PAA·GMP
    7. ˓having˒ driven_out
    8. ˓having˒ driven_out
    9. -
    10. Y54; R134857
    11. 134871
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134872
    1. to god
    2. God
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ god
    8. ˱to˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y54; Person=God
    11. 134873
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 33610
    5. mē
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134874
    1. bringing pleasure
    2. -
    3. 7000
    5. areskō
    6. V-PPA·GMP
    7. bringing_pleasure
    8. bringing_pleasure
    9. -
    10. Y54; R134857
    11. 134875
    1. but
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134876
    1. to all
    2. -
    3. 39560
    5. pas
    6. E-····DMP
    7. ˱to˲ all
    8. ˱to˲ all
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134877
    1. people
    2. people
    3. 4440
    5. anthrōpos
    6. N-····DMP
    7. people
    8. people
    9. -
    10. Y54
    11. 134878
    1. of contrary
    2. contrary
    3. 17270
    5. enantios
    6. S-····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ contrary
    8. ˱of˲ contrary
    9. -
    10. Y54; R134857
    11. 134879

OET (OET-LV) who both the master having_killed_off Yaʸsous, and their prophets, and us having_driven_out, and to_god not bringing_pleasure, but to_all people of_contrary,

OET (OET-RV) They executed their own prophets as well as the master Yeshua. They drove us out, displeasing God and contrary to all people—

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← 1 TH 2:15 ↑ → ► ║ ©