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Hos C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14

Hos 14 V1 V2 V3 V4 V6 V7 V8 V9

OET interlinear HOS 14:5

◄ ← HOS 14:5 ↓ → ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    2. 524296
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. S
    9. -
    10. 366443
    1. אֶרְפָּא
    2. 524297
    3. I will heal
    4. -
    5. 7495
    6. V-Vqi1cs
    7. I_will_heal
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366444
    1. מְשׁוּבָתָ,ם
    2. 524298,524299
    3. apostasy of their
    4. -
    5. 4878
    6. O-Ncfsc,Sp3mp
    7. apostasy_of,their
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366445
    1. אֹהֲבֵ,ם
    2. 524300,524301
    3. I will love them
    4. -
    5. 157
    6. VO-Vqi1cs,Sp3mp
    7. I,will_love_them
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366446
    1. נְדָבָה
    2. 524302
    3. voluntariness
    4. -
    5. 5071
    6. S-Ncfsa
    7. voluntariness
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366447
    1. כִּי
    2. 524303
    3. if/because
    4. -
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366448
    1. שָׁב
    2. 524304
    3. it has turned back
    4. -
    5. 7725
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. it_has_turned_back
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366449
    1. אַפִּ,י
    2. 524305,524306
    3. anger of my
    4. -
    5. 639
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp1cs
    7. anger_of,my
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366450
    1. מִמֶּֽ,נּוּ
    2. 524307,524308
    3. from him
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3ms
    7. from,him
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366451
    2. 524309
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366452

OET (OET-LV) [fn] I_will_heal apostasy_of_their I_will_love_them voluntariness if/because anger_of_my it_has_turned_back from_him.

14:5 Note: KJB: Hos.14.4

OET (OET-RV) To Yisrael, I will be like the dew.
 ⇔ He will blossom like a lily flower
 ⇔ ≈ and take root like a cedar tree in Lebanon.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 14:4–8: The LORD promises to forgive and restore the Israelites

The LORD is the speaker in this section. In Hosea 14:4–7, the LORD gives his response to the people’s prayer of repentance in the form of a poem. In 14:8, he reminds the people that he will not tolerate idols. He also promises to care for the people and bless them. Here are other examples of section headings:

The Lord Promises to Forgive (CEV)

The Lord Promises New Life for Israel (NJB)

Paragraph 14:4–7

This paragraph is a poem with thirteen lines. In Hebrew, verses 4–6 each have three lines. Verse 7 has four lines.

4a I will heal their apostasy;

4b I will freely love them,

4cfor My anger has turned away from them.

5a I will be like the dew to Israel;

5b he will blossom like a lily

5cand take root like the cedars of Lebanon.

6a His shoots will sprout,

6band his splendor will be like the olive tree,

6c his fragrance like the cedars of Lebanon.

7a They will return and dwell in his shade;

7b they will grow grain

7cand blossom like the vine.

7d His renown will be like the wine of Lebanon.

The poem has two main parts. In 14:4, the LORD gives his response to Israel’s prayer in direct, nonfigurative words. He promises them healing, love and forgiveness.

In 14:5–7, the LORD describes aspects of his healing, love and forgiveness more fully. Each line in this part of the poem is a figure of speech (simile or metaphor) that compares the LORD or Israel to something from nature that was familiar to people in that part of the world.

Verses 5–7 each end with the name “Lebanon.” “Lebanon” refers to the mountainous area of northern Galilee and modern-day Lebanon. It is a fertile and fragrant region.Dearman (page 341) suggests that the reference to Lebanon provides the source for the metaphors used in these verses.

14:5a

I will be like the dew to Israel;

I will be like the dew to Israel: This clause is a simile in which the LORD compares himself to dew. The word dew refers to the drops of water that appear on plants in the evening and/or morning.

Here are two ways that the LORD is similar to dew:This comparison is very different from the comparison of Israel to dew in Hosea 6:4 and 13:3. In those verses Israel’s love and the lives of the people are compared to the temporary nature of dew that disappears quickly.

  1. He gives refreshment.Keil (pages 107–108), Hubbard (page 230), Davies (page 305) and Carroll (page 303).

  2. He provides what is needed for life and health.In that part of the world, it seldom rained from April through October. The dew allowed fruit and other plants to survive and ripen during those dry months. Dearman (page 341).

Some versions make explicit a way that the LORD and dew are similar. For example:

I will be to Israel like a refreshing dew from heaven. (NLT)

14:5b

he will blossom like the lily

he will blossom like the lily: This clause is a simile that compares Israel to a lily. Israel will blossom in a way similar to a lily.

The Hebrew word for lily refers to a flower.BDB (#7799). According to Keil (pages 107–108) the word may refer specifically to a white lily. Other possibilities may be an iris, tulip, crocus or other flower. See Davies (page 305), Macintosh (page 570), Patterson and Hill (page 87) and Stuart (page 215). The Hebrew word for blossom means to “bud” or “sprout.”BDB (#6524). Here it probably refers to a bud opening into a flower blossom.

Here are some ways that Israel will (figuratively) blossom:

  1. The people will reproduce abundantly like a lily.“Fertility.” See Keil (pages 107–108), McComiskey (page 233), and Stuart (page 215).

  2. Israel will be beautiful and fragrant like a lily.“Beauty.” See Garrett (page 274), Stuart (page 215); “glory” Macintosh (page 570); “beauty and fragrance” Davies (page 305).

Some versions make explicit that the pronoun he refers to Israel. For example:

Israel will blossom like the lily (NLT)

Some versions have “flowers” instead of lily. This may be a good translation option to follow in languages that do not have a word for lily. For example:

They will blossom like flowers (GNT)

14:5c

and take root like the cedars of Lebanon.

and take root like the cedars of Lebanon: In Hebrew, this clause is more literally “and it will strike its roots like (the) Lebanon.” There is a textual issue with the name Lebanon in this clause:

  1. The Masoretic Text has Lebanon. For example:

    and he will take root like the cedars of Lebanon (NASB) (BSB, ESV, GNT, GW, KJV, NAB, NASB, NCV, NET, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV)

  2. Some scholars think that the original word was “poplar.”Oort and Valeton, cited in Macintosh (page 571). For example:

    he shall strike root as the poplar (RSV) (REB, RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) along with most versions and scholars. Ancient versions also follow this option.

The phrase that the BSB translates as take root is more literally “and it will strike.” The phrase “strike its roots” means to “thrust” roots into the ground.BDB (#5221) 1d. Also Macintosh (page 570) and McComiskey (page 233).

The clause is a simile that compares Israel’s roots to the roots of a cedar of Lebanon.This simile is the reverse of the metaphor in Hosea 9:16. In that metaphor Ephraim’s roots are withered. This comparison implies several things:

  1. Their roots provide nourishment, so Israel will have splendor/glory.See Wood (page 224) and Macintosh (page 571).

  2. Their roots are hardy, so Israel will become great and last a long time.See Macintosh (page 571).

  3. Their roots are deep and firm, so Israel will be strong and stable.See Macintosh (page 571), McComiskey (page 233), Stuart (page 215), and Garrett (page 274).

Here are some other ways to translate this line:

They will be firmly rooted like the trees of Lebanon. (GNT)

it will send roots deep into the soil like the cedars in Lebanon. (NLT)

cedars of Lebanon: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as cedars of Lebanon is more literally “like the Lebanon.” There are at least two acceptable ways to translate this expression. They are listed here in order of more specific to less specific:

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

(Occurrence 0) I will be like the dew to Israel; he will blossom like the lily

(Some words not found in UHB: heal apostasy_of,their I,will_love_them freely that/for/because/then/when turned anger_of,my from,him )

God is spoken of as if he were dew that brought needed moisture to plants, and Israel is spoken of as if it were one person, and as if he were a flower that could blossom.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

(Occurrence 0) take root like a cedar in Lebanon

(Some words not found in UHB: heal apostasy_of,their I,will_love_them freely that/for/because/then/when turned anger_of,my from,him )

The picture of Israel in the form of a plant is continued here, but this time in the form of a tall cedar tree in Lebanon, which was known for such trees.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

14:5 like a refreshing dew: In the semi-desert climate of Israel, dew was an important source of life-giving moisture (Gen 27:28; Deut 33:28).
• it will send roots deep: When Israel lived in faithfulness to their covenant with the Lord, they would be solid and stable like the majestic cedars in Lebanon (Ps 92:12).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. I will heal
    2. -
    3. 7328
    5. 524297
    6. V-Vqi1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366444
    1. apostasy of their
    2. -
    3. 4020,1978
    5. 524298,524299
    6. O-Ncfsc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366445
    1. I will love them
    2. -
    3. 643,1978
    5. 524300,524301
    6. VO-Vqi1cs,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366446
    1. voluntariness
    2. -
    3. 4902
    5. 524302
    6. S-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366447
    1. if/because
    2. -
    3. 3482
    5. 524303
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366448
    1. anger of my
    2. -
    3. 545,1978
    5. 524305,524306
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366450
    1. it has turned back
    2. -
    3. 7951
    5. 524304
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366449
    1. from him
    2. -
    3. 4129,1978
    5. 524307,524308
    6. S-R,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366451

OET (OET-LV) [fn] I_will_heal apostasy_of_their I_will_love_them voluntariness if/because anger_of_my it_has_turned_back from_him.

14:5 Note: KJB: Hos.14.4

OET (OET-RV) To Yisrael, I will be like the dew.
 ⇔ He will blossom like a lily flower
 ⇔ ≈ and take root like a cedar tree in Lebanon.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 14:5 ↑ → ║ ©