HOS 8:14 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. וַ,יִּשְׁכַּח
2. 522693,522694
3. And he has forgotten
4. forgotten and ≈but
5. 7911
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
7. and,he_has_forgotten
8. S
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365299
1. יִשְׂרָאֵל
2. 522695
3. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
4. Yisrael
5. 3478
6. S-Np
7. Israel
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365300
1. אֶת
2. 522696
3. DOM
4. -
5. 853
6. O-To
7. DOM
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365301
2. 522697
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 365302
1. עֹשֵׂ,הוּ
2. 522698,522699
3. the of one who made him
4. maker
6. O-Vqrmsc,Sp3ms
7. [the_of,one_who]_made_him
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365303
1. וַ,יִּבֶן
2. 522700,522701
3. and he/it built
4. built
5. 1129
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
7. and=he/it_built
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365304
1. הֵיכָלוֹת
2. 522702
3. palaces
4. palaces
5. 1964
6. O-Ncmpa
7. palaces
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365305
1. וִ,יהוּדָה
2. 522703,522704
3. and Yəhūdāh/(Yihudah)
4. ≈Yehudah
5. 3063
6. S-C,Np
7. and=Yəhūdāh/(Yihudah)
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365306
1. הִרְבָּה
2. 522705
3. he has multiplied
4. -
6. V-Vhp3ms
7. he_has_multiplied
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365307
1. עָרִים
2. 522706
3. cities
4. -
6. O-Ncfpa
7. cities
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365308
1. בְּצֻרוֹת
2. 522707
3. fortified
4. fortified
5. 1219
6. O-Aafpa
7. fortified
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365309
1. וְ,שִׁלַּחְתִּי
2. 522708,522709
3. and I will send
4. I'll
5. 7971
6. SV-C,Vpq1cs
7. and,I_will_send
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365310
2. 522710
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 365311
1. אֵשׁ
2. 522711
3. fire
4. -
5. 784
6. O-Ncbsa
7. fire
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365312
1. בְּ,עָרָי,ו
2. 522712,522713,522714
3. on cities of his
4. -
6. S-R,Ncfpc,Sp3ms
7. on,cities_of,his
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365313
1. וְ,אָכְלָה
2. 522715,522716
3. and it will consume
4. -
5. 398
6. SV-C,Vqq3fs
7. and,it_will_consume
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365314
1. אַרְמְנֹתֶֽי,הָ
2. 522717,522718
3. fortresses of his
4. fortresses
5. 759
6. O-Ncmpc,Sp3fs
7. fortresses_of,his
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 365315
2. 522719
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 365316
2. 522720
3. -
4. -
6. -x-samekh
8. S
9. -
10. 365317

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 8:1–14: The Israelites will be punished for rejecting the LORD

In this section, the LORD warned the nation of Israel that enemies were ready to attack them, because they had rejected him and broken their agreement to obey his laws (8:1–3). They disobeyed him by choosing their own leaders (8:4a–b) and making idols (8:4c–6). Their alliance with Assyria failed, and they became weak agriculturally and also politically as a nation. Verse 8:10 predicts their future punishment as slaves in Assyria (8:7–10). The LORD did not accept the sacrifices they offered to him, because they continued to sin, so their cities faced total destruction (11–14).The TN analysis of this section follows the paragraph divisions used in a majority of English versions. The summary combines ideas from McComiskey (page 118), Davies (page 193), and Stuart (pages 126–127).

Here are some other examples of section headings:

The Lord Will Punish Israel for Its Rebellion (GW)

The LORD warned Israel that enemies would attack them

Warning that Israel will be Punished

Throughout this section, the LORD is the speaker. He referred to himself using first person pronouns (“I/me/my”) except for verse 13b–d, which has “he.” In this section, the Hebrew text almost always uses “they” or “he/it” to refer to the people or nation of Israel. The only exceptions are 8:1 and 8:5, which use the pronoun “your.” The CEV uses “you/your” consistently to refer to Israel. Most other versions use third person pronouns. The Display will follow the BSB pronoun choice in the first meaning line. It will often use “you/your” in the second meaning line.

Paragraph 8:11–14

This paragraph describes how the people of Israel sinned when they offered sacrifices to the LORD. There is a contrast between the many altars that the people built for sinning (8:11) and the many teachings that the LORD wrote for the people’s good (8:12). In both situations, the people rejected what God wanted them to do. As a result, the LORD did not accept their sacrifices (8:13), so their cities faced total destruction (8:14).

8:14

Some versions, such as the GNT and CEV, make this verse a separate paragraph. The notes will follow most versions and make 8:14 the last verse of 8:11–14. You may do whatever is more natural in your language.

8:14a–b

(combined/reordered)

The people of Israel and Judah have forgotten the one who made them into a nation. They built sturdy palaces and high/thick walls around their towns to protect them from their enemies.

These lines describe another sin that the LORD will judge. The people trusted in palaces and fortified towns instead of trusting in the LORD who made them. Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

^14a Israel has forgotten his Maker and built palaces;

^14b Judah has multiplied its fortified cities.

The parallelism implies that the people in both Israel and Judah have “forgotten” their “Maker.” It also implies that both groups of people “built palaces” and “multiplied its fortified cities.”

Maker: This word implies here that the LORD made the people into a nation. In some languages, it may be helpful to make this information explicit. For example:

the one who made it/them into a nation

and built palaces: The word palaces refers here to the residences of the kings. Palaces were also fortified.Andersen and Freedman (page 512) and Macintosh (page 332). This is also supported by the use of the parallel word “citadels” in 14d.

Judah has multiplied its fortified cities: The phrase multiplied its fortified cities means that the people built thick stone walls around the towns to protect them from enemy attacks.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

Judah has built many strong, walled cities. (NCV)

Judah has many cities with sturdy walls around them

8:14a

Israel has forgotten his Maker and built palaces;

The country of Israel has forgotten who made them. They built palaces for their kings.
The people of Israel built sturdy houses for their kings, but they have forgotten me who caused them to become a nation.

8:14b

Judah has multiplied its fortified cities.

The country of Judah also built strong walls around many of their towns.
It is the same with the people of Judah. They surrounded many of their towns with high stone walls to protect them.

8:14a–d

(combined/reordered)

You^(plur) people of Israel and Judah, I made you into a nation, but you have forgotten me. You built strong/fortified cities and palaces to protect you. But I will destroy them with fire.”

8:14c–d

(combined/reordered)

But I will send their enemies to burn their fortified/strong cities and palaces and completely destroy them.”

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:8:14a–d is a chiasm. The words “palaces” and “cities” in 14a–b occur in the opposite order from “cities” and “citadels” in 14c–d.

^14cBut I will send fire upon their cities,

^14dand it will consume their citadels.

These lines describe the way that the LORD will judge the people. He will “send fire” to destroy the strong walls and palaces that the people depended on to protect them.

But: Verse 14c begins with a conjunction that contrasts the people’s efforts to protect their cities (14a–b) with the fact that the LORD will destroy those cities. Introduce this verse part in a way that indicates this contrast in your language.

I will send fire upon their cities, and it will consume their citadels: These parallel clauses mean that the LORD will send enemy armies to set fire to the cities. The fire will destroy them, including the citadels (fortified palaces).Kidner (page 82), Hubbard (page 154), Wood (page 202), and Stuart (page 137).

General Comment on 8:14a–d

In some languages, it may be more natural to reorder and/or combine the parallel parts. For example:

^14aIsrael, I created you, but you forgot me. ^14a–bYou and Judah built palaces and many strong cities. ^14c–dNow I will send fire to destroy your towns and fortresses. (CEV)

See also 8:14a–b, 8:14c–d, and 8:14a–d (combined/reordered) in the Display.

8:14c

But I will send fire upon their cities,

But I will send fire to burn down those walled cities/towns of theirs
Even though they did this, I will send their enemies to burn down their cities/towns

8:14d

and it will consume their citadels.

and destroy their palaces.”
along with the fortified/sturdy houses that their kings live in.”

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

OET interlinear HOS 8:14

Hebrew word order

Section 8:1–14: The Israelites will be punished for rejecting the LORD

Paragraph 8:11–14

8:14

8:14a–b

8:14a

8:14b

8:14a–d

8:14c–d

General Comment on 8:14a–d

8:14c

8:14d

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)