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Est C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10

Est 8 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17

OET interlinear EST 8:11

◄ ← EST 8:11 ↓ → ► ║ ≡ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 334136
    3. (cmp)
    4. -
    6. S-Tr
    7. (cmp)
    8. S
    9. Y-453
    10. 231370
    1. נָתַן
    2. 334137
    3. he had permitted
    4. permitted
    5. 5414
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. he_had_permitted
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231371
    1. הַ,מֶּלֶךְ
    2. 334138,334139
    3. the king
    4. king
    5. 4428
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    7. the=king
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231372
    1. לַ,יְּהוּדִים
    2. 334140,334141
    3. to Yəhūdī
    4. -
    5. 3064
    6. S-Rd,Ngmpa
    7. to,Jews
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231373
    2. 334142
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-paseq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 231374
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 334143
    3. who
    4. -
    6. S-Tr
    7. who
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231375
    1. בְּ,כָל
    2. 334144,334145
    3. in all
    4. in each
    5. 3605
    6. P-R,Ncmsc
    7. in=all
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231376
    2. 334146
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 231377
    1. עִיר
    2. 334147
    3. city
    4. -
    6. P-Ncfsa
    7. city
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231378
    2. 334148
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 231379
    1. וָ,עִיר
    2. 334149,334150
    3. and city
    4. city including
    6. P-C,Ncfsa
    7. and,city
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231380
    1. לְ,הִקָּהֵל
    2. 334151,334152
    3. to assemble
    4. -
    5. 6950
    6. SV-R,VNc
    7. to,assemble
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231381
    1. וְ,לַ,עֲמֹד
    2. 334153,334154,334155
    3. and to make a stand
    4. defend
    5. 5975
    6. SV-C,R,Vqc
    7. and,to,make_a_stand
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231382
    1. עַל
    2. 334156
    3. on
    4. -
    6. S-R
    7. on
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231383
    2. 334157
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 231384
    1. נַפְשָׁ,ם
    2. 334158,334159
    3. life of their
    4. -
    5. 5315
    6. S-Ncbsc,Sp3mp
    7. life_of,their
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231385
    1. לְ,הַשְׁמִיד
    2. 334160,334161
    3. to annihilate
    4. destroy kill
    5. 8045
    6. SV-R,Vhc
    7. to,annihilate
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231386
    1. וְ,לַ,הֲרֹג
    2. 334162,334163,334164
    3. and to kill
    4. -
    5. 2026
    6. SV-C,R,Vqc
    7. and,to,kill
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231387
    1. וּ,לְ,אַבֵּד
    2. 334165,334166,334167
    3. and to destroy
    4. annihilate
    5. 6
    6. SV-C,R,Vpc
    7. and,to,destroy
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231388
    1. אֶת
    2. 334168
    3. DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. O-To
    7. DOM
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231389
    2. 334169
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 231390
    1. כָּל
    2. 334170
    3. every of
    4. every
    5. 3605
    6. O-Ncmsc
    7. every_of
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231391
    2. 334171
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 231392
    1. חֵיל
    2. 334172
    3. army of
    4. -
    5. 2428
    6. O-Ncmsc
    7. army_of
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231393
    1. עַם
    2. 334173
    3. people
    4. people
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. people
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231394
    1. וּ,מְדִינָה
    2. 334174,334175
    3. and province
    4. province
    5. 4082
    6. O-C,Ncfsa
    7. and,province
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231395
    1. הַ,צָּרִים
    2. 334176,334177
    3. which treats as a foe
    4. that
    6. OV-Td,Vqrmpa
    7. [which]_treats,as_a_foe
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231396
    1. אֹתָ,ם
    2. 334178,334179
    3. DOM them
    4. them
    5. 853
    6. O-To,Sp3mp
    7. \untr DOM\untr*=them
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231397
    1. טַף
    2. 334180
    3. little one[s]
    4. -
    5. 2945
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. little_one[s]
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231398
    1. וְ,נָשִׁים
    2. 334181,334182
    3. and women
    4. women
    5. 802
    6. O-C,Ncfpa
    7. and,women
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231399
    1. וּ,שְׁלָלָ,ם
    2. 334183,334184,334185
    3. and spoil of their
    4. -
    5. 7998
    6. O-C,Ncmsc,Sp3mp
    7. and,spoil_of,their
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231400
    1. לָ,בוֹז
    2. 334186,334187
    3. to take as plunder
    4. plunder
    5. 962
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    7. to,take_as_plunder
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231401
    2. 334188
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 231402

OET (OET-LV) (cmp) he_had_permitted the_king to_Yəhūdī who in_all city and_city to_assemble and_to_make_a_stand on life_of_their to_annihilate and_to_kill and_to_destroy DOM every_of army_of people and_province which_treats_as_a_foe DOM_them little_one[s] and_women and_spoil_of_their to_take_as_plunder.

OET (OET-RV) The letters stated that the king permitted the Jews in each and every city to get together and defend themselves, and what’s more to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the forces of any people or province hostile to them, including women and children, and then to plunder their possessions.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 8:1–17: Xerxes allowed the Jews to protect themselves

After Haman’s death, the king gave Esther everything that had belonged to Haman and made Mordecai the chief official in the land. Esther asked the king to cancel Haman’s order to kill the Jews. The king instead permitted her and Mordecai to send letters in his name allowing the Jews to defend themselves and kill their enemies. The news of this order brought great joy to the Jews.

Paragraph 8:9–14

There are many similarities between this passage and the section about Haman’s plot to kill the Jews. You should compare this passage with 3:12–15.

8:11a

By these letters the king permitted the Jews in each and every city the right to assemble and defend themselves,

letters: See note on 1:22a.

8:11b

to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the forces of any people or province hostile to them, including women and children,

destroy, kill, and annihilate: See notes on 3:13b and 7:4a.

including women and children: The commentaries disagree about which women and children are being referred to. There are two possibilities:

  1. It refers to the women and children of their attackers (BSB, NCV, CEV, NJPS, REB, GW, RSV).

  2. It refers to the Jewish women and children (NIV, GNT, NLT).

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), since it is supported by most of the commentaries and is a more natural way to understand the Hebrew.

8:11c

and to plunder their possessions.

plunder their possessions: See note on 3:13c.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

בְּ⁠כָל־עִיר־וָ⁠עִ֗יר

(Some words not found in UHB: which/who he/it_gave the=king to,Jews which/who in=all (a)_city and,city to,assemble and,to,make_a_stand on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in life_of,their to,annihilate and,to,kill and,to,destroy DOM all/each/any/every army_of people and,province [which]_treats,as_a_foe DOM=them children and,women and,spoil_of,their to,take_as_plunder )

This expression means “in each and every city.” It is possibly referring to the entire empire by naming one part of it, its cities. The story says in [9:19](../09/19.md) that not just Jews living in cities but Jews living in rural areas also defended themselves. It is likely that the messengers only published the news in the cities and not the entire countryside, but the news was certainly intended for everyone, not only people living in the cities. Alternate translation: [throughout the empire] or [in each and every city] or [in every single city]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

לְ⁠הִקָּהֵל֮ וְ⁠לַ⁠עֲמֹ֣ד עַל־נַפְשָׁ⁠ם֒

(Some words not found in UHB: which/who he/it_gave the=king to,Jews which/who in=all (a)_city and,city to,assemble and,to,make_a_stand on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in life_of,their to,annihilate and,to,kill and,to,destroy DOM all/each/any/every army_of people and,province [which]_treats,as_a_foe DOM=them children and,women and,spoil_of,their to,take_as_plunder )

Here, to stand is a metaphor meaning to defend oneself and fight back instead of running away from an enemy. Alternate translation: [to join together and fight for their lives] or [to join together and fight back]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

לְ⁠הַשְׁמִיד֩ וְ⁠לַ⁠הֲרֹ֨ג וּ⁠לְ⁠אַבֵּ֜ד

(Some words not found in UHB: which/who he/it_gave the=king to,Jews which/who in=all (a)_city and,city to,assemble and,to,make_a_stand on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in life_of,their to,annihilate and,to,kill and,to,destroy DOM all/each/any/every army_of people and,province [which]_treats,as_a_foe DOM=them children and,women and,spoil_of,their to,take_as_plunder )

These words mean the same thing and are used together to emphasize the completeness of the destruction that is being described. See how you translated this in [3:13](../03/13.md) and [7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: [completely destroy] (A “doublet” can involve the use of more than two words.)

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

אֶת־כָּל־חֵ֨יל עַ֧ם וּ⁠מְדִינָ֛ה הַ⁠צָּרִ֥ים אֹתָ֖⁠ם

DOM (Some words not found in UHB: which/who he/it_gave the=king to,Jews which/who in=all (a)_city and,city to,assemble and,to,make_a_stand on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in life_of,their to,annihilate and,to,kill and,to,destroy DOM all/each/any/every army_of people and,province [which]_treats,as_a_foe DOM=them children and,women and,spoil_of,their to,take_as_plunder )

Strength is a figurative way of referring to an army or to a person carrying weaponry. Alternate translation: [the army of any people or province that attacked them]

טַ֣ף וְ⁠נָשִׁ֑ים

children (Some words not found in UHB: which/who he/it_gave the=king to,Jews which/who in=all (a)_city and,city to,assemble and,to,make_a_stand on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in life_of,their to,annihilate and,to,kill and,to,destroy DOM all/each/any/every army_of people and,province [which]_treats,as_a_foe DOM=them children and,women and,spoil_of,their to,take_as_plunder )

Alternate translation: [they could also kill the wives and children of the armed men]

וּ⁠שְׁלָלָ֖⁠ם לָ⁠בֽוֹז

(Some words not found in UHB: which/who he/it_gave the=king to,Jews which/who in=all (a)_city and,city to,assemble and,to,make_a_stand on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in life_of,their to,annihilate and,to,kill and,to,destroy DOM all/each/any/every army_of people and,province [which]_treats,as_a_foe DOM=them children and,women and,spoil_of,their to,take_as_plunder )

See how you translated this expression in [3:13](../03/13.md). Alternate translation: [and take everything that belonged to them]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. (cmp)
    2. -
    3. 238
    5. 334136
    6. S-Tr
    8. S
    9. Y-453
    10. 231370
    1. he had permitted
    2. permitted
    3. 5233
    5. 334137
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231371
    1. the king
    2. king
    3. 1893,4308
    5. 334138,334139
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231372
    1. to Yəhūdī
    2. -
    3. 3705,2922
    5. 334140,334141
    6. S-Rd,Ngmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231373
    1. who
    2. -
    3. 238
    5. 334143
    6. S-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231375
    1. in all
    2. in each
    3. 846,3671
    5. 334144,334145
    6. P-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231376
    1. city
    2. -
    3. 5667
    5. 334147
    6. P-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231378
    1. and city
    2. city including
    3. 1987,5667
    5. 334149,334150
    6. P-C,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231380
    1. to assemble
    2. -
    3. 3705,6934
    5. 334151,334152
    6. SV-R,VNc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231381
    1. and to make a stand
    2. defend
    3. 1987,3705,5951
    5. 334153,334154,334155
    6. SV-C,R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231382
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 5837
    5. 334156
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231383
    1. life of their
    2. -
    3. 5059,1978
    5. 334158,334159
    6. S-Ncbsc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231385
    1. to annihilate
    2. destroy kill
    3. 3705,7837
    5. 334160,334161
    6. SV-R,Vhc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231386
    1. and to kill
    2. -
    3. 1987,3705,1945
    5. 334162,334163,334164
    6. SV-C,R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231387
    1. and to destroy
    2. annihilate
    3. 1987,3705,623
    5. 334165,334166,334167
    6. SV-C,R,Vpc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231388
    1. DOM
    2. -
    3. 347
    5. 334168
    6. O-To
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231389
    1. every of
    2. every
    3. 3671
    5. 334170
    6. O-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231391
    1. army of
    2. -
    3. 2446
    5. 334172
    6. O-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231393
    1. people
    2. people
    3. 5847
    5. 334173
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231394
    1. and province
    2. province
    3. 1987,3886
    5. 334174,334175
    6. O-C,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231395
    1. which treats as a foe
    2. that
    3. 1893,6728
    5. 334176,334177
    6. OV-Td,Vqrmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231396
    1. DOM them
    2. them
    3. 347,1978
    5. 334178,334179
    6. O-To,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231397
    1. little one[s]
    2. -
    3. 2821
    5. 334180
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231398
    1. and women
    2. women
    3. 1987,290
    5. 334181,334182
    6. O-C,Ncfpa
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231399
    1. and spoil of their
    2. -
    3. 1987,7829,1978
    5. 334183,334184,334185
    6. O-C,Ncmsc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231400
    1. to take as plunder
    2. plunder
    3. 3705,1168
    5. 334186,334187
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-453
    10. 231401

OET (OET-LV) (cmp) he_had_permitted the_king to_Yəhūdī who in_all city and_city to_assemble and_to_make_a_stand on life_of_their to_annihilate and_to_kill and_to_destroy DOM every_of army_of people and_province which_treats_as_a_foe DOM_them little_one[s] and_women and_spoil_of_their to_take_as_plunder.

OET (OET-RV) The letters stated that the king permitted the Jews in each and every city to get together and defend themselves, and what’s more to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the forces of any people or province hostile to them, including women and children, and then to plunder their possessions.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← EST 8:11 ↑ → ► ║ ≡ ©