EST 8:17 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. וּ,בְ,כָל
2. 334316,334317,334318
3. And on/over all
4. -
5. 3605
6. S-C,R,Ncmsc
7. and=on/over=all
8. S
9. Y-453
10. 231485
2. 334319
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 231486
1. מְדִינָה
2. 334320
3. province
4. province
5. 4082
6. S-Ncfsa
7. province
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231487
1. וּ,מְדִינָה
2. 334321,334322
3. and province
4. -
5. 4082
6. S-C,Ncfsa
7. and,province
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231488
1. וּ,בְ,כָל
2. 334323,334324,334325
3. and on/over all
4. -
5. 3605
6. S-C,R,Ncmsc
7. and=on/over=all
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231489
2. 334326
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 231490
1. עִיר
2. 334327
3. city
4. -
6. S-Ncfsa
7. city
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231491
1. וָ,עִיר
2. 334328,334329
3. and city
4. -
6. S-C,Ncfsa
7. and,city
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231492
1. מְקוֹם
2. 334330
3. the place of
4. -
5. 4725
6. S-Ncmsc
7. the_place_of
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231493
1. אֲשֶׁר
2. 334331
3. (of) where
4. wherever
6. S-Tr
7. (of)_where
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231494
1. דְּבַר
2. 334332
3. the message of
4. -
5. 1697
6. S-Ncmsc
7. the_word_of
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231495
2. 334333
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 231496
1. הַ,מֶּלֶךְ
2. 334334,334335
3. the king
4. king's
5. 4428
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
7. the=king
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231497
1. וְ,דָת,וֹ
2. 334336,334337,334338
3. and law of his
4. -
5. 1881
6. S-C,Ncfsc,Sp3ms
7. and,law_of,his
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231498
1. מַגִּיעַ
2. 334339
3. +was reaching
4. -
5. 5060
6. V-Vhrmsa
7. [was]_reaching
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231499
1. שִׂמְחָה
2. 334340
3. gladness
4. -
5. 8057
6. S-Ncfsa
7. gladness
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231500
1. וְ,שָׂשׂוֹן
2. 334341,334342
3. and joy
4. cheerful
5. 8342
6. S-C,Ncmsa
7. and,joy
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231501
1. לַ,יְּהוּדִים
2. 334343,334344
3. belonged to Yəhūdī
4. -
5. 3064
6. P-Rd,Ngmpa
7. [belonged]_to,Jews
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231502
1. מִשְׁתֶּה
2. 334345
3. a feast
4. -
5. 4960
6. P-Ncmsa
7. a_feast
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231503
1. וְ,יוֹם
2. 334346,334347
3. and a day
4. -
5. 3117
6. P-C,Ncmsa
7. and,a_day
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231504
1. טוֹב
2. 334348
3. good
4. -
6. P-Aamsa
7. good
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231505
1. וְ,רַבִּים
2. 334349,334350
3. and many
4. Many
6. S-C,Aampa
7. and,many
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231506
1. מֵ,עַמֵּי
2. 334351,334352
3. of the peoples of
4. people
6. S-R,Ncmpc
7. of,the_peoples_of
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231507
1. הָ,אָרֶץ
2. 334353,334354
3. the earth/land
4. -
5. 776
6. S-Td,Ncbsa
7. the=earth/land
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231508
1. מִתְיַהֲדִים
2. 334355
3. +were becoming Yəhūdī
4. became
5. 3054
6. V-Vtrmpa
7. [were]_becoming_Jews
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231509
1. כִּי
2. 334356
3. if/because
4. -
6. S-C
7. if/because
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231510
2. 334357
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 231511
1. נָפַל
2. 334358
3. it had fallen
4. had
5. 5307
6. V-Vqp3ms
7. it_had_fallen
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231512
1. פַּֽחַד
2. 334359
3. dread of
4. -
5. 6343
6. S-Ncmsc
7. dread_of
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231513
2. 334360
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 231514
1. הַ,יְּהוּדִים
2. 334361,334362
3. of the Yəhūdī
4. -
5. 3064
6. S-Td,Ngmpa
7. of,the_Jews
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231515
1. עֲלֵי,הֶֽם
2. 334363,334364
3. on them
4. -
6. S-R,Sp3mp
7. on,them
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231516
2. 334365
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 231517

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 8:1–17: Xerxes allowed the Jews to protect themselves

After Haman’s death, the king gave Esther everything that had belonged to Haman and made Mordecai the chief official in the land. Esther asked the king to cancel Haman’s order to kill the Jews. The king instead permitted her and Mordecai to send letters in his name allowing the Jews to defend themselves and kill their enemies. The news of this order brought great joy to the Jews.

Paragraph 8:15–17

These verses are in contrast to Esther 4:1–3. Mordecai is dressed in royal robes instead of sackcloth, and there is general rejoicing instead of mourning.

8:17a

In every province and every city, wherever the king’s edict and decree reached, there was joy and gladness among the Jews, with feasting and celebrating.

Everywhere in the kingdom, in every town and province where the messengers took the document containing the king’s order, the Jews were very happy when they heard the news and they celebrated with feasts.

the king’s edict and decree: See note on 1:20a.

joy and gladness: See note on 8:16.

8:17b

And many of the people of the land themselves became Jews,

At that time, many people of other races changed their religion and became Jews,

became Jews: That is, they adopted the customs and beliefs of the Jews.

8:17c

because the fear of the Jews had fallen upon them.

because they were afraid of the Jews.

the fear of the Jews had fallen upon them: That is, because they were afraid of the Jews and what they might do, now that Mordecai had such a high position in the kingdom.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־מְדִינָ֨ה וּ⁠מְדִינָ֜ה

and=on/over=all province and,province

This expression means “each and every province.” Alternate translation: [in every single province]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־עִ֣יר וָ⁠עִ֗יר

and=on/over=all and=on/over=all (a)_city and,city

This expression means “each and every city.” Alternate translation: [in every single city]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

מְקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר דְּבַר־הַ⁠מֶּ֤לֶךְ וְ⁠דָת⁠וֹ֙ מַגִּ֔יעַ

place/spot (Some words not found in UHB: and=on/over=all province and,province and=on/over=all (a)_city and,city place/spot which/who message/matter_of the=king and,law_of,his came gladness and,joy [belonged]_to,Jews feast and,a_day good and,many of,the_peoples_of the=earth/land became_jews that/for/because/then/when fallen fear_of of,the_Jews on,them )

This expression describes the king’s message as if it were a person that could travel to a particular place. This phrase refers to all the places that received the king’s letter. Alternate translation: [wherever the king’s couriers took his decree] or [wherever the couriers read the letter announcing the king’s decree]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

שִׂמְחָ֤ה וְ⁠שָׂשׂוֹן֙ לַ⁠יְּהוּדִ֔ים

(Some words not found in UHB: and=on/over=all province and,province and=on/over=all (a)_city and,city place/spot which/who message/matter_of the=king and,law_of,his came gladness and,joy [belonged]_to,Jews feast and,a_day good and,many of,the_peoples_of the=earth/land became_jews that/for/because/then/when fallen fear_of of,the_Jews on,them )

The terms joy and rejoicing have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize the great happiness and joy that the Jews felt. Alternate translation: [the Jews rejoiced greatly]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

מִשְׁתֶּ֖ה וְ⁠י֣וֹם ט֑וֹב

These two terms mean something similar and are used together to emphasize the great happiness and joy that the Jews felt. Alternate translation: [and had festive celebrations]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וְ⁠י֣וֹם ט֑וֹב

and,a_day good

This expression generally means a day of happiness or celebration. Alternate translation: [and a holiday]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠רַבִּ֞ים מֵֽ⁠עַמֵּ֤י הָ⁠אָ֨רֶץ֙ מִֽתְיַהֲדִ֔ים

The implication is that they did this because they thought that the Jews might attack them when the Jews fought back against their enemies. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this explicitly.

וְ⁠רַבִּ֞ים מֵֽ⁠עַמֵּ֤י הָ⁠אָ֨רֶץ֙ מִֽתְיַהֲדִ֔ים

Alternate translation: [many people from the other ethnic groups in the empire]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

מֵֽ⁠עַמֵּ֤י הָ⁠אָ֨רֶץ֙

The peoples of the land were the non-Jewish people groups within the empire.

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

נָפַ֥ל פַּֽחַד־הַ⁠יְּהוּדִ֖ים עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם

fallen (Some words not found in UHB: and=on/over=all province and,province and=on/over=all (a)_city and,city place/spot which/who message/matter_of the=king and,law_of,his came gladness and,joy [belonged]_to,Jews feast and,a_day good and,many of,the_peoples_of the=earth/land became_jews that/for/because/then/when fallen fear_of of,the_Jews on,them )

Here, falling is a metaphor meaning to affect someone. Alternate translation: [they had become very afraid of the Jews]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / events

נָפַ֥ל פַּֽחַד־הַ⁠יְּהוּדִ֖ים עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם

To present the events in chronological order, you can say this before saying that the people from the other groups became Jews themselves.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Hebrew word
5. Hebrew lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. And on/over all
2. -
3. 1987,846,3671
5. 334316,334317,334318
6. S-C,R,Ncmsc
8. S
9. Y-453
10. 231485
1. province
2. province
3. 3886
5. 334320
6. S-Ncfsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231487
1. and province
2. -
3. 1987,3886
5. 334321,334322
6. S-C,Ncfsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231488
1. and on/over all
2. -
3. 1987,846,3671
5. 334323,334324,334325
6. S-C,R,Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231489
1. city
2. -
3. 5667
5. 334327
6. S-Ncfsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231491
1. and city
2. -
3. 1987,5667
5. 334328,334329
6. S-C,Ncfsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231492
1. the place of
2. -
3. 4742
5. 334330
6. S-Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231493
1. (of) where
2. wherever
3. 238
5. 334331
6. S-Tr
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231494
1. the message of
2. -
3. 1726
5. 334332
6. S-Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231495
1. the king
2. king's
3. 1893,4308
5. 334334,334335
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231497
1. and law of his
2. -
3. 1987,1776,1978
5. 334336,334337,334338
6. S-C,Ncfsc,Sp3ms
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231498
1. +was reaching
2. -
3. 5124
5. 334339
6. V-Vhrmsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231499
1. gladness
2. -
3. 8032
5. 334340
6. S-Ncfsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231500
1. and joy
2. cheerful
3. 1987,8125
5. 334341,334342
6. S-C,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231501
1. belonged to Yəhūdī
2. -
3. 3705,2922
5. 334343,334344
6. P-Rd,Ngmpa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231502
1. a feast
2. -
3. 4252
5. 334345
6. P-Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231503
1. and a day
2. -
3. 1987,3371
5. 334346,334347
6. P-C,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231504
1. good
2. -
3. 2866
5. 334348
6. P-Aamsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231505
1. and many
2. Many
3. 1987,7191
5. 334349,334350
6. S-C,Aampa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231506
1. of the peoples of
2. people
3. 4129,5847
5. 334351,334352
6. S-R,Ncmpc
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231507
1. the earth/land
2. -
3. 1893,422
5. 334353,334354
6. S-Td,Ncbsa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231508
1. +were becoming Yəhūdī
2. became
3. 3214
5. 334355
6. V-Vtrmpa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231509
1. if/because
2. -
3. 3482
5. 334356
6. S-C
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231510
1. dread of
2. -
3. 6299
5. 334359
6. S-Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231513
1. it had fallen
2. had
3. 5194
5. 334358
6. V-Vqp3ms
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231512
1. of the Yəhūdī
2. -
3. 1893,2922
5. 334361,334362
6. S-Td,Ngmpa
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231515
1. on them
2. -
3. 5837,1978
5. 334363,334364
6. S-R,Sp3mp
8. -
9. Y-453
10. 231516

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.