OET interlinear HEB 4:2

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

γάρ

for

Here, the word For introduces a further explanation of why we should “be afraid” (4:1). The author’s point is that they received the promise of rest, but they did not receive rest, because they disobeyed. Since we are in the same situation and have also received the promise of rest, we need to “be afraid” that what happened to them will happen to us. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces an explanation. Alternate translation: “That is especially true because” or “Indeed,”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

καὶ & ἐσμεν εὐηγγελισμένοι καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι

also & ˱we˲_are /having_been/_gospel_preached_‹to_us› just_as also_those

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The author uses the passive form here to focus on those to whom the good news is proclaimed rather than on the person doing the proclaiming. If you must state who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “we also listened to the good news just as they did” or “someone proclaimed the good news to us also just as to them”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι

just_as also_those

The author is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the first half of the sentence. Alternate translation: “just as they also had good news proclaimed to them”

Note 4 topic: writing-pronouns

κἀκεῖνοι & ἐκείνους

also_those & those

Here, the word them refers to the Israelites whom God led out of Egypt and who died in the wilderness without entering the rest (See: 3:16–19). If your readers would not know to whom them refers, you could make it explicit. Alternate translation: “to the Israelite ancestors also … them” or “to that generation also … them”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς

the word ˱of˲_their hearing

Here the author uses the possessive form to describe a message that someone, in this case the Israelite ancestors, “heard.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea without using a possessive form. Alternate translation: “the message that they heard”

Note 6 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

μὴ συνκεκερασμένους

not (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ γάρ ἐσμεν εὐηγγελισμένοι καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι ἀλλʼ οὐκ ὠφέλησεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς ἐκείνους μὴ συγκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν)

Here, the phrase not having been joined introduces the reason why the message did not benefit them. If your readers not infer this relationship, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “since it had not been joined”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

μὴ συνκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν

not (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ γάρ ἐσμεν εὐηγγελισμένοι καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι ἀλλʼ οὐκ ὠφέλησεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς ἐκείνους μὴ συγκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν)

Here, the phrase not having been joined describes them, who are not joined with those who heard as part of the group of those who believe. In this construction, the word faith can refer to: (1) what those who are joined have in common. Alternate translation: “not having been joined as people with faith to those who heard it” (2) what performs the “joining.” Alternate translation: “not having been joined by faith to those who heard it”

Note 8 topic: translate-textvariants

μὴ συνκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν

not (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ γάρ ἐσμεν εὐηγγελισμένοι καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι ἀλλʼ οὐκ ὠφέλησεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς ἐκείνους μὴ συγκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν)

Most early manuscripts make not having been joined refer back to them. However, a few early manuscripts make not having been joined refer back to the message. In this case, the clause would refer to how those who heard the message did not join faith to it when they heard it. In other words, they did not believe what they heard. However, the option that the ULT follows has the most support, so it is best to make not having been joined refer back to them.

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

μὴ συνκεκερασμένους

not (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ γάρ ἐσμεν εὐηγγελισμένοι καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι ἀλλʼ οὐκ ὠφέλησεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς ἐκείνους μὴ συγκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The author uses the passive form here to focus on those who are joined rather than on the person doing the joining. If you must state who did the action, the author implies that God or they themselves did it. Alternate translation: “not having joined themselves” or “God not having joined them”

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τῇ πίστει

¬the ˱with˲_faith

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of faith, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “trust” or “believe.” Alternate translation: “in trusting it” or “in believing it”