MIC 1:3 Interlinear View

Hebrew word order

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. כִּי
2. 531354
3. If/because
4. -
6. S-C
7. if/because
8. S
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371471
2. 531355
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 371472
1. הִנֵּה
2. 531356
3. here
4. -
5. 2009
6. S-Tm
7. here!
8. -
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371473
1. יְהוָה
2. 531357
3. YHWH
4. Yahweh
5. 3068
6. S-Np
7. Yahweh
8. -
9. Person=God; Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371474
1. יֹצֵא
2. 531358
3. +is about to go forth
4. -
5. 3318
6. V-Vqrmsa
7. [is]_about_to_go_forth
8. -
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371475
1. מִ,מְּקוֹמ,וֹ
2. 531359,531360,531361
3. from place of his
4. place
5. 4725
6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp3ms
7. from,place_of,his
8. -
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371476
1. וְ,יָרַד
2. 531362,531363
3. and he will come down
4. come
5. 3381
6. SV-C,Vqp3ms
7. and,he_will_come_down
8. -
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371477
1. וְ,דָרַךְ
2. 531364,531365
3. and he will tread
4. tread
5. 1869
6. SV-C,Vqp3ms
7. and,he_will_tread
8. -
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371478
1. עַל
2. 531366
3. on
4. -
6. S-R
7. on
8. -
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371479
2. 531367
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 371480
1. במותי
2. 531368
3. the high places of
4. high places
5. 1116
6. S-Ncfpc
7. the_high_places_of
8. -
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371481
2. 531369
3. -
4. -
6. -
8. -
9. -
10. 371482
1. אָרֶץ
2. 531370
3. +the earth
4. earth
5. 776
6. S-Ncbsa
7. [the]_earth
8. -
9. Y-750; TProphecies_of_Micah
10. 371483
2. 531371
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 371484

1:3 OSHB variant note: במותי: (x-qere) ’בָּ֥מֳתֵי’: lemma_1116 morph_HNcfpc id_33Wkf בָּ֥מֳתֵי

OET (OET-RV) because wow, Yahweh comes out of his place.
⇔ He will come down and tread on the high places[fn] of the earth.

1:3 Possibly referring to the pagan temples which were often constructed on hilltops.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:2–7: The LORD will punish the people in Samaria

In the first paragraph of this section (1:2–5), Micah is the speaker. He began by telling the entire earth, with all its inhabitants, (1:2) to listen because the LORD would soon come down from heaven to accuse them. In 1:3–4, he continued to use vivid, figurative language to describe the LORD’s coming. In 1:5, he warned the whole nation of Israel, naming both Samaria and Jerusalem, that the LORD would judge them because of their idolatry and other sins. In the second paragraph (1:6–7), the speaker is the LORD. The LORD warned Samaria that he would completely destroy the city.

The Notes have separate section headings for 1:2–7 and 1:8–16. Here are some other examples of section headings for 1:2–7:

Judgment on Samaria (CEV)

Judgment pronounced against Samaria (NRSV)

Several other English versions use a section heading for 1:2–16. You may follow either pattern. Here are some other examples of section headings for 1:2–16:

The Coming Destruction (ESV)

Grief over Samaria and Jerusalem (NLT)

The capital cities of Israel and Judah destroyed (GW)

1:3a–b

For behold, the LORD comes forth from His dwelling place; He will come down and tread on the high places of the earth: The previous verse described a courtroom where the Lord GOD will act simultaneously as a prosecuting attorney, witness, and judge. Here in 1:3a–b, Micah figuratively described the LORD as a warrior who would come from heaven to defeat and establish control over the whole earth.ZIBBC, JFB, IVPB, A&F, and NAC are among the commentaries that draw attention to the LORD’s metaphorical role in this verse as a military commander that subdues the earth.

1:3a

For behold, the LORD comes forth from His dwelling place;

Look! Yahweh is already beginning to come out of the place where he lives in heaven.
Pay attention, because Yahweh will soon leave that place,

For behold: Verse 1:2c already implies a reason why the people should listen. The word For introduces a further reason why they should begin to listen.

The word behold here has the basic meaning “Look!” It indicates that Micah’s words were urgent. It was as if all people could look up in the sky at that moment and see the LORD coming down out of heaven.

Here are some ways to translate the function of these words:

Make both words explicit. For example:
For see, the Lord comes forth… (NAB)
Make only one word explicit. For example:
Look! The Lord is coming… (NIV)
Leave both words implied. For example:
The Lord is coming… (GNT)

With any of these options, be sure that your translation clearly expresses the urgent reason for the people to pay close attention to what will happen.

the LORD comes forth from: This phrase indicates an action that could take place at any time in the near future.NAC (page 50). Waltke 2007 (page 47) concurs that this participial phrase “denotes imminent action.” Here are some other ways to translate it:

the LORD is about to come

the LORD is starting to come

the LORD will come very soon

His dwelling place: This phrase refers to the place where God lives in heaven. It refers to the same thing as the phrase “His holy temple” in 1:2c.

1:3b

He will come down and tread on the high places of the earth.

He will come down to the earth to walk on the high places.
and he will come down to the earth. His feet will step on the tops of the hills and mountains.

He will come down and tread on the high places of the earth: This phrase indicates that the LORD will come down from heaven and tread on (stride across and step/walk on) the high places of the earth.Deuteronomy 33:29 and Amos 4:13 also talk about God treading on the high places. According to most scholars, this action symbolizes the LORD’s conquest and control of the earth.These scholars include JFB, IVPB, KD, NICOT, NAC, and Waltke 2007.

high places: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as high places can refer to either the tops of hills and mountains or to pagan shrines/altars, where people worshiped other gods. These shrines were called high places because people usually built them on the upper slopes or tops of hills or mountains.Sometimes such shrines were called “high places” even if the shrine was in a valley (see Jeremiah 7:31). The Canaanite and Philistine people who lived near the Jews in Palestine worshiped their gods at high places (for example, see Numbers 33:52; Jeremiah 48:35). Later the Jews also began to worship at such high places. Sometimes they worshiped the LORD at high places, especially before the temple was built in Jerusalem (for example, see 1 Samuel 9:12; 1 Kings 3:3–4). Many Jews also began to worship the false gods that the Canaanites worshiped (for example, see 1 Kings 11:7; 22:43). This is one of the sins that Micah accused the Jews of in this book.

In the context of the phrase “of the earth” and “the mountains” in v.4, the phrase high places probably refers primarily to the tops of hills and mountains. However, the mention in v.5 of the centers of idol worship in Samaria and Jerusalem probably also implies the LORD’s defeat of idol worship.WBC (page 17) and ZIBBC (pages 123–124) think that Micah also intended “high places” to refer to pagan places of worship. See EBC (pages 503–504) for succinct and coherent arguments in favor of both implications. It is recommended that you translate this phrase in a general way. For example:

the high places of the earth (ESV)

the tops of the mountains (GNT)

on the hills and mountains

Do not use a phrase such as “the worship places of the earth” (GW) or “every pagan altar” (CEV) that can refer only to idol worship. It is recommended that you add a footnote that clarifies the two implied meanings. For example:

The Hebrew word used here means “high places.” Most scholars think that it refers here to hills or mountains. Some scholars think that it also refers to the pagan altars that were located there.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

(Occurrence 0) he will come down and tread on the high places of the earth

(Some words not found in UHB: that/for/because/then/when see/lo/see! YHWH going_out from,place_of,his and,he_will_come_down and,he_will_tread on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in high_places_of earth )

Micah speaks as if Yahweh were a mighty soldier coming down from heaven and beginning to march on top of the mountains.

(Occurrence 0) he will … tread

Alternate translation: “he will … march”

(Occurrence 0) the high places of the earth

Alternate translation: “the high mountains”

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

1:3 Tramples the heights implies a theophany, an appearance of the God who is behind the historical convulsions about to afflict Samaria (cp. Deut 33:29; Ps 108:13; Amos 4:13). God is sovereign over nations and nature. The Canaanite god Baal was also thought to be active in this manner—descriptions of God like this one emphasize that the Lord, not Baal, is truly sovereign.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)