OET interlinear PHP 4:12

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

οἶδα καὶ

˱I˲_˓have˒_known (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οἶδα καί ταπεινοῦσθαι οἶδα καί περισσεύειν Ἐν παντί καί ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι καί χορτάζεσθαι καί πεινᾶν καί περισσεύειν καί ὑστερεῖσθαι)

Here, the phrase I know means “I know from experience” and refers to what Paul knew from his experience. If it would help your readers, consider clarifying this in your translation in some way. Alternate translation: [I have learned both how]

οἶδα καὶ ταπεινοῦσθαι, οἶδα καὶ περισσεύειν & καὶ περισσεύειν καὶ ὑστερεῖσθαι

˱I˲_˓have˒_known (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οἶδα καί ταπεινοῦσθαι οἶδα καί περισσεύειν Ἐν παντί καί ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι καί χορτάζεσθαι καί πεινᾶν καί περισσεύειν καί ὑστερεῖσθαι)

The sentence at the beginning of this verse, I know both how to be brought low and I know how to abound is very similar in meaning to the phrase and to abounding and to being in need at the end of this verse. You can combine the beginning sentence and the closing phrase, as modeled by the UST, if you think it will help your readers.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

οἶδα καὶ ταπεινοῦσθαι, οἶδα καὶ περισσεύειν

˱I˲_˓have˒_known (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οἶδα καί ταπεινοῦσθαι οἶδα καί περισσεύειν Ἐν παντί καί ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι καί χορτάζεσθαι καί πεινᾶν καί περισσεύειν καί ὑστερεῖσθαι)

Here, the phrases to be brought low and to abound refer to two opposite extremes of living and to every living condition between them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [I know both how to live with very little and how to live with more than I need] or [I know how to live with very little and I know how to live with plenty]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ταπεινοῦσθαι

˓to_be_being˒_humbled

If it would be more natural in your language, you could express the passive phrase to be brought low with an active form. Alternate translation: [to live with less] or [to live without things I need]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ταπεινοῦσθαι

˓to_be_being˒_humbled

Here the phrase to be brought low is a figurative way of saying “to live with very little.” If it would help your readers, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: [to live with very little]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

χορτάζεσθαι καὶ πεινᾶν

˓to_be_being˒_satisfied (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οἶδα καί ταπεινοῦσθαι οἶδα καί περισσεύειν Ἐν παντί καί ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι καί χορτάζεσθαι καί πεινᾶν καί περισσεύειν καί ὑστερεῖσθαι)

Here Paul is leaving out some of the words that a phrase would need in many languages to be understandable. If it would help your readers, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [to be full of food and to be hungry] or [to be content when I have plenty of food to eat and to be content when I am hungry]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

χορτάζεσθαι καὶ πεινᾶν

˓to_be_being˒_satisfied (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οἶδα καί ταπεινοῦσθαι οἶδα καί περισσεύειν Ἐν παντί καί ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι καί χορτάζεσθαι καί πεινᾶν καί περισσεύειν καί ὑστερεῖσθαι)

Here the phrases to be filled and to be hungry refer to two opposite extremes and to everything in between them. If it would help your readers, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [to be hungry and to be filled and to everything in between]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

περισσεύειν καὶ ὑστερεῖσθαι

˓to_be˒_abounding ˓to_be˒_abounding (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οἶδα καί ταπεινοῦσθαι οἶδα καί περισσεύειν Ἐν παντί καί ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι καί χορτάζεσθαι καί πεινᾶν καί περισσεύειν καί ὑστερεῖσθαι)

Here Paul is leaving out some of the words that a phrase would need in many languages to be understandable. If it would help your readers, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [to have an abundance of things I need and to live contentedly when I do not have certain things I need]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

περισσεύειν καὶ ὑστερεῖσθαι

˓to_be˒_abounding ˓to_be˒_abounding (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οἶδα καί ταπεινοῦσθαι οἶδα καί περισσεύειν Ἐν παντί καί ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι καί χορτάζεσθαι καί πεινᾶν καί περισσεύειν καί ὑστερεῖσθαι)

Here, the phrases to abound and to be in need refer to two opposite extremes and to everything in between them. If it would help your readers, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [to abound and to be in need and to everything in between]