1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἀπέχω
2. apeχō
3. I am receiving fully
4. -
5. 5680
6. VIPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ receiving_fully
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ receiving_fully
9. -
10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
11. 132431
1. Δέ
2. de
3. But
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. S
10. Y64
11. 132432
1. παντᾶ
2. pas
3. all things
4. -
5. 39560
6. S····ANP
7. all ‹things›
8. all ‹things›
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132433
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. 2918\x*But and
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132434
1. περισσεύω
2. perisseuō
3. I am being plentiful
4. plenty
5. 40520
6. VIPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ being_plentiful
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ abounding
9. -
10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
11. 132435
1. πεπλήρωμαι
2. plēroō
3. I have been filled
4. I've
5. 41370
6. VIEP1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓have_been˒ filled
8. ˱I˲ ˓have_been˒ filled
9. -
10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
11. 132436
1. δέ
2. de
3. -
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 132437
1. δεξάμενος
2. deχomai
3. having received
4. received
5. 12090
6. VPAM·NMS
7. ˓having˒ received
8. ˓having˒ received
9. -
10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
11. 132438
1. ἀπό
2. apo
3. -
4. -
5. 5750
6. P·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. -
11. 132439
1. παρά
2. para
3. from
4. -
5. 38440
6. P·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132440
1. Ἐπαφροδίτου
2. epafroditos
3. Epafroditos
4. Epaphroditus
5. 18910
6. N····GMS
7. Epafroditos
8. Epaphroditus
9. U
10. Person=Epaphroditus; Y64; F132477
11. 132441
1. τά
2. ho
3. the things
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····ANP
7. the ‹things›
8. the ‹things›
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132442
1. πάρʼ
2. para
3. from
4. -
5. 38440
6. P·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132443
1. ὑμῶν
2. su
3. you all
4. you
5. 47710
6. R···2G·P
7. you_all
8. you_all
9. -
10. Y64; R132380
11. 132444
1. ὀσμήν
2. osmē
3. +an aroma
4. -
5. 37440
6. N····AFS
7. ˓an˒ aroma
8. ˓an˒ aroma
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132445
1. ὀσμή
2. osmē
3. -
4. -
5. 37440
6. N····NFS
7. aroma
8. aroma
9. -
10. -
11. 132446
1. εὐωδίας
2. euōdia
3. of +a sweet fragrance
4. fragrant
5. 21750
6. N····GFS
7. ˱of˲ ˓a˒ sweet_fragrance
8. ˱of˲ ˓a˒ sweet_fragrance
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132447
1. θυσίαν
2. thusia
3. +a sacrifice
4. sacrifice
5. 23780
6. N····AFS
7. ˓a˒ sacrifice
8. ˓a˒ sacrifice
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132448
1. δεκτήν
2. dektos
3. acceptable
4. acceptable
5. 11840
6. A····AFS
7. acceptable
8. acceptable
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132449
1. εὐάρεστον
2. euarestos
3. well pleasing
4. pleases
5. 21010
6. S····AFS
7. well_pleasing
8. well_pleasing
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132450
1. τῷ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132451
1. Θεῷ
2. theos
3. to god
4. God
5. 23160
6. N····DMS
7. ˱to˲ god
8. ˱to˲ God
9. GN
10. Y64; Person=God
11. 132452

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:10–20: Paul thanked the Philippians for their gift

Paul now began to write about the gift that the Philippians had sent him. He reminded them that when he had been preaching the gospel in their area, they were the only group of believers that had sent gifts to him. He made it clear that Christ enabled him to be content in every situation. But their loving gift made him very happy. He also said that God would also supply all they needed. This should cause God’s people to praise him.

Paragraph 4:15–20

Paul told the Philippians that he had received the generous gift they had sent to him with Epaphroditus. He told them that God would also supply what they needed.

4:18

This verse connects to the previous one with a Greek particle, de, that often indicates a slight contrast or change of the direction of the thought. Many English versions omit any explicit connection here, but if you have a way in your language to show such a connection you may use it here.

4:18a

I have all I need and more,

So then, I have now received everything you sent to me and it is more than enough.

I have all I need and more: Paul continued his business metaphor by saying, in effect,

Here…is my receipt for everything (GNT)

He meant that he had received their gift and it supplied all he needed.

and more: The Philippians’ gift was more than enough for what Paul needed.

4:18b

now that I have received your gifts from Epaphroditus.

Since Epaphroditus has now brought me the things you sent, I have everything that I could possibly need.

I have received your gifts from Epaphroditus: Epaphroditus was the one who brought the Philippians’ gift to Paul. See the note on 2:25c.

your gifts: The Greek literally means “the things you sent.” Apparently different people from Philippi sent things to help Paul, and this explains why the term gifts is in the plural.

General Comment on 4:18b

The three events in this part of the verse actually happened in this order:

the Philippians sent Paul gifts;
Epaphroditus handed them to Paul;
Paul was amply supplied.

In some languages it will be necessary to reorder this verse so that the events are in the right order. For example:

You sent me gifts, and Epaphroditus has given them to me. So now I have all that I need.

4:18c

They are a fragrant offering, an acceptable sacrifice, well-pleasing to God.

It is as if you have given an offering to God that smells sweet. He accepts it and it pleases him very much.

They are a fragrant offering, an acceptable sacrifice, well-pleasing to God: Paul again thought of the gifts from the Philippians in a collective sense, as a single large gift. He was saying that the help they sent was pleasing to God in the same way that the sort of sacrifice God required was pleasing to him.

a fragrant offering: This is literally “an odor of a sweet smell.” It refers to an offering to God that smells good. The Jewish people brought offerings to God as a way of worshiping him. When the priest burned these sacrifices, whether animals or grain and incense, God said that the smell was pleasing to him (See, for example, Leviticus 1:9, 2:1–2). Paul used these Jewish sacrifices as a metaphor for the gift the Philippians had sent. It may be necessary in some languages to translate this as a simile: “Your gift is like a sweet-smelling sacrifice….”

an acceptable sacrifice: Some sacrifices people made to God had something wrong with them or the people who offered them had the wrong attitude, and God did not accept those sacrifices. But God did accept the things the Philippians sent to Paul because they sent them lovingly.

well-pleasing to God: God approved of what the Philippians had done and the gifts they had sent to Paul. Their attitude and their gift were right.

Another way to translate 4:18c would be:

Your gifts to me are like the sweet-smelling offerings and sacrifices the priests offer to God. He accepts those offerings and they make him happy.

uW Translation Notes:

ἀπέχω & πάντα

˱I˲_˓am˒_receiving_fully & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπέχω Δέ παντᾶ καί περισσεύω πεπλήρωμαι δεξάμενος παρά Ἐπαφροδίτου τά πάρʼ ὑμῶν ὀσμήν εὐωδίας θυσίαν δεκτήν εὐάρεστον τῷ Θεῷ)

The phrase I have all things in full could mean: (1) that Paul has received all things that he needs from the Philippian believers and is therefore sufficiently supplied. Alternate translation: [I have everything I need and am content] (2) that Paul is continuing the business metaphor from [Philippians 4:17](../04/17.md) and is here offering the Philippians a figurative receipt for the gifts they gave him. Alternate translation: [I have received the gift that you sent]

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

περισσεύω

˱I˲_˓am˒_abounding

The phrase I abound means that Paul has more than enough of the things that he needs for himself. If it would be helpful in your language, consider stating this explicitly. Alternate translation: [I have more than enough of the things I need]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

πεπλήρωμαι, δεξάμενος παρὰ Ἐπαφροδίτου τὰ παρ’ ὑμῶν

˱I˲_˓have_been˒_filled ˓having˒_received (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπέχω Δέ παντᾶ καί περισσεύω πεπλήρωμαι δεξάμενος παρά Ἐπαφροδίτου τά πάρʼ ὑμῶν ὀσμήν εὐωδίας θυσίαν δεκτήν εὐάρεστον τῷ Θεῷ)

Connecting Statement:

If it would be more natural in your language, you could express the phrase I have been filled with an active form, and you could state who did the action. Alternate translation: [You have fully provided for me by giving me the things which Epaphroditus brought to me]

Note 3 topic: translate-names

Ἐπαφροδίτου

Epaphroditus

Epaphroditus is the name of a man. See how you translated his name in [Philippians 2:25](../02/25.md).

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας, θυσίαν δεκτήν, εὐάρεστον τῷ Θεῷ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπέχω Δέ παντᾶ καί περισσεύω πεπλήρωμαι δεξάμενος παρά Ἐπαφροδίτου τά πάρʼ ὑμῶν ὀσμήν εὐωδίας θυσίαν δεκτήν εὐάρεστον τῷ Θεῷ)

Here Paul speaks of the gift from the Philippian believers as if it were a sacrifice offered to God on an altar. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this phrase by stating the meaning using plain language. Alternate translation: [which are very pleasing to God] or [which make God happy] or [which I assure you are gifts very pleasing to God, like an acceptable sacrifice]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. But
2. -
3. 11610
4. S
5. de
6. C-·······
7. but
8. but
9. S
10. Y64
11. 132432
1. I am receiving fully
2. -
3. 5680
5. apeχō
6. V-IPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ receiving_fully
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ receiving_fully
9. -
10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
11. 132431
1. all things
2. -
3. 39560
5. pas
6. S-····ANP
7. all ‹things›
8. all ‹things›
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132433
1. and
2. 2918\x*But and
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132434
1. I am being plentiful
2. plenty
3. 40520
5. perisseuō
6. V-IPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ being_plentiful
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ abounding
9. -
10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
11. 132435
1. I have been filled
2. I've
3. 41370
5. plēroō
6. V-IEP1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓have_been˒ filled
8. ˱I˲ ˓have_been˒ filled
9. -
10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
11. 132436
1. having received
2. received
3. 12090
5. deχomai
6. V-PAM·NMS
7. ˓having˒ received
8. ˓having˒ received
9. -
10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
11. 132438
1. from
2. -
3. 38440
5. para
6. P-·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132440
1. Epafroditos
2. Epaphroditus
3. 18910
4. U
5. epafroditos
6. N-····GMS
7. Epafroditos
8. Epaphroditus
9. U
10. Person=Epaphroditus; Y64; F132477
11. 132441
1. the things
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····ANP
7. the ‹things›
8. the ‹things›
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132442
1. from
2. -
3. 38440
5. para
6. P-·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132443
1. you all
2. you
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2G·P
7. you_all
8. you_all
9. -
10. Y64; R132380
11. 132444
1. +an aroma
2. -
3. 37440
5. osmē
6. N-····AFS
7. ˓an˒ aroma
8. ˓an˒ aroma
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132445
1. of +a sweet fragrance
2. fragrant
3. 21750
5. euōdia
6. N-····GFS
7. ˱of˲ ˓a˒ sweet_fragrance
8. ˱of˲ ˓a˒ sweet_fragrance
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132447
1. +a sacrifice
2. sacrifice
3. 23780
5. thusia
6. N-····AFS
7. ˓a˒ sacrifice
8. ˓a˒ sacrifice
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132448
1. acceptable
2. acceptable
3. 11840
5. dektos
6. A-····AFS
7. acceptable
8. acceptable
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132449
1. well pleasing
2. pleases
3. 21010
5. euarestos
6. S-····AFS
7. well_pleasing
8. well_pleasing
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132450
1. to
2. God
3. 23160
4. GN
5. theos
6. N-····DMS
7. ˱to˲ god
8. ˱to˲ God
9. GN
10. Y64; Person=God
11. 132452
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····DMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y64
11. 132451
1. god
2. God
3. 23160
4. GN
5. theos
6. N-····DMS
7. ˱to˲ god
8. ˱to˲ God
9. GN
10. Y64; Person=God
11. 132452

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear PHP 4:18

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)