RUTH 4:5 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. וַ,יֹּאמֶר
2. 180922,180923
3. And he/it said
4. “When continued and
5. 559
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
7. and=he/it_said
8. S
9. -
10. 125039
1. בֹּעַז
2. 180924
3. Boˊaz
4. Boaz
5. 1162
6. S-Np
7. Boaz
8. -
9. Person=Boaz
10. 125040
1. בְּ,יוֹם
2. 180925,180926
3. in/on day
4. -
5. 3117
6. S-R,Ncmsc
7. in/on=day
8. -
9. -
10. 125041
2. 180927
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 125042
1. קְנוֹתְ,ךָ
2. 180928,180929
3. acquire you
4. -
5. 7069
6. VS-Vqc,Sp2ms
7. acquire,you
8. -
9. -
10. 125043
1. הַ,שָּׂדֶה
2. 180930,180931
3. the field
4. -
6. O-Td,Ncmsa
7. the=field
8. -
9. -
10. 125044
1. מִ,יַּד
2. 180932,180933
3. from the hand of
4. -
5. 3027
6. S-R,Ncbsc
7. from,the_hand_of
8. -
9. -
10. 125045
1. נָעֳמִי
2. 180934
3. Nāˊₒmī
4. Naomi
5. 5281
6. S-Np
7. of_Naomi
8. -
9. Person=Naomi
10. 125046
1. וּ,מֵ,אֵת
2. 180935,180936,180937
3. and from with
4. -
5. 853
6. S-C,R,To
7. and,from,with
8. -
9. -
10. 125047
1. רוּת
2. 180938
3. Rūt
4. Ruth
5. 7327
6. S-Np
7. Ruth
8. -
9. Person=Ruth
10. 125048
1. הַ,מּוֹאֲבִיָּה
2. 180939,180940
3. the Mōʼāⱱite woman
4. -
5. 4125
6. S-Td,Ngfsa
7. the_Moabite,[woman]
8. -
9. -
10. 125049
1. אֵשֶׁת
2. 180941
3. the wife of
4. -
5. 802
6. S-Ncfsc
7. the_wife_of
8. -
9. -
10. 125050
2. 180942
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 125051
1. הַ,מֵּת
2. 180943,180944
3. the dead man
4. -
5. 4191
6. S-Td,Vqrmsa
7. of,the_dead_[man]
8. -
9. -
10. 125052
1. קניתי
2. 180945
3. you have acquired
4. -
5. 7069
6. V-Vqp1cs
7. you_have_acquired
8. -
9. -
10. 125053
2. 180946
3. -
4. -
6. -
8. -
9. -
10. 125054
1. לְ,הָקִים
2. 180947,180948
3. to raise up
4. -
6. SV-R,Vhc
7. to,raise_up
8. -
9. -
10. 125055
1. שֵׁם
2. 180949
3. the name of
4. -
5. 8034
6. O-Ncmsc
7. the_name_of
8. -
9. -
10. 125056
2. 180950
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 125057
1. הַ,מֵּת
2. 180951,180952
3. the dead man
4. -
5. 4191
6. O-Td,Vqrmsa
7. of,the_dead_[man]
8. -
9. -
10. 125058
1. עַל
2. 180953
3. over
4. -
6. S-R
7. over
8. -
9. -
10. 125059
2. 180954
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 125060
1. נַחֲלָת,וֹ
2. 180955,180956
3. inheritance of his
4. inherit
5. 5159
6. S-Ncfsc,Sp3ms
7. inheritance_of,his
8. -
9. -
10. 125061
2. 180957
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 125062

4:5 OSHB variant note: קניתי: (x-qere) ’קָנִ֔יתָה’: lemma_7069 n_0.1 morph_HVqp2ms id_08cqw קָנִ֔יתָה

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:1–12: Boaz assumed responsibility for Ruth

In this final chapter of the book, Ruth received the reward for her loyalty to Naomi.

Boaz is in focus in the first twelve verses. He met with the other close relative in the presence of many witnesses to discuss the entire situation. The other relative did not want to buy Elimelech’s property that Naomi was selling, if the arrangement also meant that he had to marry Ruth. So Boaz said that he would act as the redeemer himself.

In section 4:13–17, Boaz and Ruth were married, and the LORD soon gave them a son. The women in Bethlehem named the son Obed and rejoiced that Naomi now had a “son” to carry on her family line and care for her in her old age. So both Naomi and Ruth were going to be cared for, and the women went from “emptiness” to “fullness.”

Section 4:18–22 concludes the book with a genealogy that lists of the family line of Perez, who was a son of Judah and grandson of Jacob (who is also called Israel). The family line is listed from Perez through Obed to King David.

Here are some other examples of section headings for 4:1–12:

Boaz Redeems Ruth (ESV)

Boaz Settles the Matter (NET)

Structure:

Some commentaries divide this section into four scenes:NICOT, Sakenfield, Cornerstone, and Sakenfield. These divide the scenes in at least two different ways.

4:1–2 Introduction: Boaz Convenes a Legal Assembly
4:3–8 Boaz Obtains the Rights of Redemption
4:9–10 Boaz Formalizes the Agreement
4:11–12 Witnessing and Blessing

One commentary divides this section into three scenes.Block (pages 203–204).

4:1–2 setting the stage for the legal drama
4:3–8 report of the legal drama
4:9–12 significance of legal drama

You may divide the paragraphs in these scenes in whatever way best fits the structure of your language.

Paragraph 4:3–6

This paragraph describes the legal discussion between Boaz and the closest relative to Naomi about whether he was willing to redeem the land. It concludes with this man’s refusal to do so.

4:5a

Then Boaz said, “On the day you buy the land from Naomi

But then Boaz said, “At the time you get/buy the land from Naomi,
Then Boaz said, “When you take over the land from Naomi,

Then Boaz said: The Hebrew conjunction that the BSB translates as Then introduces a significant and unexpected addition to what Boaz told the other relative.

On the day you buy the land from Naomi: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates literally as On the day means “when” or “whenever.” At the same time that the man bought the land from Naomi, he would also acquire Ruth (4:5b).

Here are some other ways to translate this verse part:

Boaz continued: “On the day you take over the field from Naomi (REB)

Then Boaz explained, “When you buy the land from Naomi (NCV)

4:5b

and also from Ruth the Moabitess, you must also acquire the widow of the deceased

you will also get Ruth, the Moabite, the wife of the dead man.
you must also marry Ruth, the woman from Moab. She is Mahlon’s widow.

and also from Ruth the Moabitess, you must also acquire: There is a textual problem with this part of the verse. Scholars suggest two ways to understand the Hebrew word that the BSB translates as from Ruth:

It should say “Ruth.” The word “Ruth” is the object of the verb that the BSB translates as you…acquire. When the man acquired the land, he would also acquire Ruth. For example:
you also acquire Ruth the Moabitess (NJB)
you will also assume responsibility for the Moabite Ruth (GW)
you must also marry Ruth the Moabite (NCV) (CEV, ESV, GNT, GW, NABRE, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NLT, NRSV, REB)
It should say “from Ruth.” Ruth as well as Naomi was the seller of the land. For example:
On the day you buy the land from Naomi and from Ruth, you acquire (NIV84) (BSB, KJV, NIV84, NJPS)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) along with a majority of versions.Block (page 212), Schipper (pages 165–167)

the widow of the deceased: The Hebrew phrase the BSB translates as the widow of the deceased is literally “the wife of the dead man.” It refers here to Ruth. The dead man is Mahlon, Elimelech’s son.

Here is another way to translate this phrase:

the dead man’s wife (NCV)

4:5c

in order to raise up the name of the deceased on his inheritance.”

You must marry her, so that she may have a son in order to keep the land in the name of the family of her dead husband.”
Then she may bear an heir for her dead husband and his family’s descendants can continue to possess his land/inheritance.”

in order to raise up the name of the deceased on his inheritance: The custom of marrying a dead relative’s widow was intended to provide an heir for the dead man. The first male child born to the widow and the redeemer would be considered the heir of the man who had died. The land and the family name of the one who had died would belong to this son. In this case, people would consider Elimelech and Mahlon to be the ancestors of the first son born to Ruth and the redeemer.

the deceased: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as the deceased is singular and primarily refers to Mahlon.

Here is one way to clarify that the name of the dead will be maintained:

This keeps the inheritance in the dead man’s name. (GW)

his inheritance: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as inheritance refers here to the land that a man left to his son as an inheritance.

Here are some other ways to translate this verse part:

to maintain the dead man’s name on his inheritance (NRSV)

so that the field will stay in the dead man’s family (GNT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

בְּ⁠יוֹם

in/on=day

Here, On the day is an idiom that means “at the time.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [At the hour] or [At the same time]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

מִ⁠יַּ֣ד נָעֳמִ֑י

from,the_hand_of Nāˊₒmī

Boaz is using one part of a person, the hand of Naomi, to represent Naomi herself and her legal possession of the land. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [from Naomi]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וּ֠⁠מֵ⁠אֵת ר֣וּת & קָנִ֔יתָה

and,from,with Rūt & (Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_said Boˊaz in/on=day acquire,you the=field from,the_hand_of Nāˊₒmī and,from,with Rūt the_Moabite,[woman] wife_of of,the_dead_[man] acquire to,raise_up name_of of,the_dead_[man] on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in inheritance_of,his )

Boaz is using the term acquire to mean that the man must marry the Moabite woman. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [you must also marry Ruth]

אֵֽשֶׁת־הַ⁠מֵּת֙

wife_of of,the_dead_[man]

Alternate translation: [the widow of Elimelek’s son who died]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

לְ⁠הָקִ֥ים שֵׁם־הַ⁠מֵּ֖ת עַל־נַחֲלָתֽ⁠וֹ

to,raise_up name_of of,the_dead_[man] on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in inheritance_of,his

Here, raise up the name of the dead over is an idiom that means “supply an heir for.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [so that she may give birth to a son to inherit the property and carry on her dead husband’s family name]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

הַ⁠מֵּת֙ & הַ⁠מֵּ֖ת

of,the_dead_[man] & of,the_dead_[man]

Boaz is using the adjective dead as a noun to mean the one who died. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [the man who died … the dead man]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

4:5 OSHB variant note: קניתי: (x-qere) ’קָנִ֔יתָה’: lemma_7069 n_0.1 morph_HVqp2ms id_08cqw קָנִ֔יתָה

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.