OET interlinear 2 COR 3:14

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

ἀλλὰ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

Here, the word But could introduce a contrast between: (1) being able to “look intently” and having hardened minds. Alternate translation: [But instead of looking intently,] (2) what Moses did (veiling his face) and what the Israelites did (have hardened minds). Alternate translation: [In contrast to Moses,]

Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns

τὰ νοήματα αὐτῶν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

Here, the word their refers to “the sons of Israel” that Paul mentioned in [3:13](../03/13.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make explicit to whom the pronoun their refers. Alternate translation: [the minds of the sons of Israel] or [the minds of the Israelites]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἐπωρώθη τὰ νοήματα αὐτῶν

˓was˒_hardened (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If it is possible, avoid stating who did the “hardening,” since Paul is emphasizing the fact that their minds were “hard,” not who did the “hardening.” If you must state who did the action, Paul could be implying that: (1) the Israelites did it to themselves. Alternate translation: [they hardened their minds] or [their minds became hard] (2) God did it to them. Alternate translation: [God hardened their minds] (3) Satan did it to them. Alternate translation: [Satan hardened their minds]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐπωρώθη τὰ νοήματα αὐτῶν

˓was˒_hardened (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

Here Paul speaks as if people’s minds were a soft substance that could be hardened, becoming resistant to change. He speaks in this way to indicate that their minds could not know or understand what was happening, unlike a soft substance that would change when something impacts it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: [they could not realize what was true] or [they could not think properly]

Note 5 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

Here, the word for introduces a further explanation of what Paul has said about how their minds were hardened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces further explanation. Alternate translation: [since] or [because]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τὸ αὐτὸ κάλυμμα ἐπὶ τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει, μὴ ἀνακαλυπτόμενον

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

Here Paul speaks as if a veil kept people from understanding the old covenant when it is “read,” and this veil is not lifted. He speaks in this way to identify the inability of people to understand the old covenant with how Moses’ kept the Israelites from looking at his face with a veil. Just as the veil kept them from seeing the glory on his face, so a veil keeps people from understanding the reading of the old covenant. Since Paul uses this figure of speech to connect what he is saying with what he has said about Moses, you should preserve the metaphor or express the idea with a simile. Alternate translation: [their lack of understanding is a like a veil that remains at the reading of the old covenant, not being lifted]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

τὸ αὐτὸ κάλυμμα ἐπὶ τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει, μὴ ἀνακαλυπτόμενον

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

Here, the phrase not being lifted could: (1) explain why the veil remains. Alternate translation: [the same veil remains at the reading of the old covenant, since it is not lifted] (2) describe the state that remains. Alternate translation: [the same veil is still not lifted at the reading of the old covenant]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸ αὐτὸ κάλυμμα

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

Here, the phrase same veil could refer to: (1) the veil that Moses wore (See: [3:13](../03/13.md)). Alternate translation: [the veil that Moses wore] (2) the veil that hardened their minds. Alternate translation: [the veil that hardened their minds]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

ἐπὶ τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

Here Paul uses the possessive form to refer to a person reading the old covenant. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: [when the old covenant is read] or [when they read the old covenant]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης

the ˱of˲_the old covenant

Here, the phrase old covenant refers to the words that contain or describe the old covenant. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer directly to these words. Alternate translation: [of the message about the old covenant] or [of the words that describe the old covenant]

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

μὴ ἀνακαλυπτόμενον

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τά νοήματα αὐτῶν ἄχρι Γάρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας τό αὐτό κάλυμμα ἐπί τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μή ἀνακαλυπτόμενον ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who would do the action, Paul implies that “God” would do it. Alternate translation: [God not lifting it]

Note 12 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

ὅτι

that

Here, the word because could indicate why: (1) the veil is not “lifted.” Alternate translation: [and it is not lifted, because] (2) the veil remains. Alternate translation: [and the veil remains, because]

Note 13 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐν Χριστῷ

in Christ

Here Paul uses the spatial metaphor in Christ to describe the union of believers with Christ. In this case, being in Christ, or united to Christ, explains why and how the veil is “lifted.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that indicates that being united to Christ leads to the “lifting” of the veil. Alternate translation: [only when a person is united to Christ]

Note 14 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

καταργεῖται

˱it˲_˓is_being˒_nullified

Here, the phrase fading away is the same phrase that Paul used to describe how the “glory” was “fading” from Moses’ face (See: [3:13](../03/13.md)). What Paul means is that the veil disappears or is removed in Christ. If possible, use a word or phrase that reminds your readers of how you translated “fading” in [3:13](../03/13.md). Alternate translation: [is it being abolished] or [is it disappearing]

Note 15 topic: writing-pronouns

καταργεῖται

˱it˲_˓is_being˒_nullified

Here, the word it could refer to: (1) the veil. Alternate translation: [is this veil fading away] (2) the old covenant. Alternate translation: [is this covenant fading away]