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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
2 Cor C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13
2 Cor 3 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V18
The false teachers in Corinth were Jews (11:22). In this section, Paul wrote about some of the false teachings of these men. Since they were Jews, Paul referred to people and events in the Old Testament, such as the tablets of stone (3:3), Moses (3:7), and Moses’ veil (3:13). They probably brought letters from other false teachers who said the false teachers in Corinth taught truthfully (3:1–3). The false teachers taught that believers must obey the Jewish laws. But Paul said that believers follow the new covenant with Jesus and not the old covenant with the Jews (3:14). He also spoke against their secret and shameful ways and said that they corrupted God’s word (4:2). Throughout this section Paul also encouraged the believers to follow Jesus.
Other examples of headings for this section are:
The Ministry That Comes From Christ Is Greater Than Moses’ Ministry (GW)
The new covenant is greater than the law of Moses
Now the Lord is the Spirit,
Now the Lord is experienced by us(incl) as the Holy Spirit,
Now the meaning of “Lord” here is the Holy Spirit.
the Lord is the Spirit: The word Lord probably refers to the same person as in 3:16, namely God. God manifests himself through the Holy Spirit and the new ministry (3:3, 6, 8). So this clause probably indicates that believers experience God through the work of the Holy Spirit. Other ways to translate this clause are:
“the Lord” in this passage is the Spirit (GNT)
the Lord of whom this passage speaks is the Spirit
The meaning of “Lord” here is the Holy Spirit
The Lord God is experienced as the Holy Spirit
and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom.
and where the Spirit of the Lord is present, freedom exists for his people.
And wherever the Spirit of the Lord God lives, the people there live in freedom.
where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom: These words indicate that freedom is a result of the presence of the Spirit of the Lord. The Holy Spirit is present with every believer. Other ways to translate this are:
where the Spirit of the Lord is present, there is freedom (GNT)
whoever is in the presence of the Spirit of the Lord has freedom
wherever the Spirit of the Lord is present, the people there live in freedom
the Spirit of the Lord: The word Lord again refers to God here, and this phrase refers to the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit is from the Lord and belongs to the Lord.
freedom: This word refers to being allowed to do things. It also refers to not being controlled or dominated by something that is harmful. A believer is allowed to do anything that follows the teachings of the new covenant. He is not governed by the old covenant with its many laws.
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases
δὲ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ Κύριος τό Πνεῦμα ἐστίν οὗ δέ τό Πνεῦμα Κυρίου ἐλευθερία)
Here, the word Now introduces a development of the ideas from the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a development, or you could leave Now untranslated. Alternate translation: [Indeed,] or [In fact,]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ὁ & Κύριος & Κυρίου
the & Lord & ˱of˲_˓the˒_Lord_‹is›
Here, just as in [3:16](../03/16.md), the word Lord could refer to God generally or to Jesus specifically. Express the idea the same way you did in [3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: [God the Lord … of God the Lord is] or [the Lord Jesus … of the Lord Jesus is]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
τὸ Πνεῦμά & τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ Κύριος τό Πνεῦμα ἐστίν οὗ δέ τό Πνεῦμα Κυρίου ἐλευθερία)
Here, the word Spirit could refer to: (1) the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: [God’s Spirit … that Spirit of the Lord is] (2) what is “spiritual” as opposed to what is written or fleshly. Alternate translation: [the spirit … the spirit of the Lord is]
Note 4 topic: guidelines-sonofgodprinciples
ὁ & Κύριος τὸ Πνεῦμά ἐστιν
the & Lord (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ Κύριος τό Πνεῦμα ἐστίν οὗ δέ τό Πνεῦμα Κυρίου ἐλευθερία)
The words the Spirit form an important title that describes the Lord. Be sure to retain this title in your translation. Here Paul could mean that: (1) the “Lord” mentioned in [3:16](../03/16.md) is the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: [the Lord of whom I speak is the Holy Spirit] (2) believers encounter God the Lord as the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: [the Lord is experienced as the Holy Spirit] (3) the Lord is “spiritual.” Alternate translation: [the Lord is a spirit]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
οὗ & τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου, ἐλευθερία
where & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ Κύριος τό Πνεῦμα ἐστίν οὗ δέ τό Πνεῦμα Κυρίου ἐλευθερία)
Here Paul speaks of the Spirit being in a place, and so freedom also is in that place. Here he speaks in this way to connect the Spirit and freedom. He means that whoever has the Spirit also has freedom. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [whoever has the Spirit of the Lord also has freedom] or [the Spirit of the Lord gives freedom]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / possession
τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ Κύριος τό Πνεῦμα ἐστίν οὗ δέ τό Πνεῦμα Κυρίου ἐλευθερία)
Here Paul uses the possessive form to describe the Spirit as belonging to or part of the Lord. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: [the Spirit, who is the Lord, is] or [the Spirit, who belongs to the Lord, is]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
ἐλευθερία
freedom_‹is›
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of freedom, you could express the idea by using an adjective such as “free.” Alternate translation: [people are free] or [you are free]
Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ἐλευθερία
freedom_‹is›
Here Paul does not give any details about from or for what people experience freedom. If possible, you also should not make these ideas explicit. However, if you must express more information about the freedom, it could be freedom (1) from the veil. Alternate translation: [there is freedom from the veil] (2) from the condemnation of the old covenant and its law. Alternate translation: [there is freedom from condemnation] (3) from the old covenant and its law. Alternate translation: [there is freedom from the old covenant] (4) to preach the gospel. Alternate translation: [there is freedom to proclaim the good news]
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.