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Hos 12 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14

OET interlinear HOS 12:8

◄ ← HOS 12:8 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    2. 523779
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. S
    9. -
    10. 366076
    1. כְּנַעַן
    2. 523780
    3. a merchant
    4. -
    6. S-Np
    7. a_merchant
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366077
    1. בְּ,יָד,וֹ
    2. 523781,523782,523783
    3. in his/its hand
    4. -
    5. 3027
    6. P-R,Ncbsc,Sp3ms
    7. in=his/its=hand
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366078
    1. מֹאזְנֵי
    2. 523784
    3. balances of
    4. -
    5. 3976
    6. S-Ncmdc
    7. balances_of
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366079
    1. מִרְמָה
    2. 523785
    3. deceit
    4. -
    5. 4820
    6. S-Ncfsa
    7. deceit
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366080
    1. לַ,עֲשֹׁק
    2. 523786,523787
    3. who to defraud
    4. -
    5. 6231
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    7. [who]_to,defraud
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366081
    1. אָהֵב
    2. 523788
    3. he loves
    4. -
    5. 157
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. he_loves
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366082
    2. 523789
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366083

OET (OET-LV) [fn] a_merchant in_his/its_hand balances_of deceit who_to_defraud he_loves.

12:8 Note: KJB: Hos.12.7

OET (OET-RV) Efrayim/Yisrael said, “Fantastic. I’ve become rich.
 ⇔ I’ve found wealth for myself.
 ⇔ In all my labours they won’t find disobedience in me,
 ⇔ which would be sin.”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 11:12–12:14: Israel is deceitful and refuses to return to the LORD

In this section, the LORD accuses both Israel and Judah of wrongdoing, but then focuses on the wicked behavior of Israel (11:12–12:1). Hosea continues to describe Israel, giving examples from the life of their ancestor Jacob to show that Israel followed his bad behavior (12:2–8). The LORD then reminded the people how they had responded wickedly when he led them in the past (12:9–11). Hosea concludes this section by comparing Jacob’s care of sheep in Aram with the LORD’s care of his people through a prophet or prophets.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Israel’s Sin (NIV)

Israel and Judah Are Condemned (GNT)

Paragraph 12:7–8

In the previous paragraph, Hosea urged the people to return to God. This paragraph describes what the people do instead. They become wealthy through fraud and deceit, but they deny that they have sinned.

In Hebrew, the speaker is not identified. It may be Hosea or the LORD. Most versions leave the identity of the speaker implied. Some versions supply “the LORD says.” The Notes and the Display will assume that Hosea continues to speak here.

12:8

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

8aAnd Ephraim boasts, “How rich I have become!

8b I have found wealth for myself.

These lines quote what the people say about themselves. They boast of the wealth that they obtained from cheating and defrauding others that is described in 12:7.

12:8a

And Ephraim boasts: “How rich I have become!

Ephraim boasts: In Hebrew, these words are more literally “Ephraim said.” The context implies that the words Ephraim says are boastful. The BSB and some other versions translate the word “said” as “boast” to make this meaning explicit.

How rich I have become!: There is a textual issue about the word that the BSB translates as How:

  1. The Masoretic text has a word that adds intensity.Davies (page 278), McComiskey (page 205), Andersen and Freedman (page 617). For example:

    Surely I have become rich (NASB) (BSB, CEV, NAB, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. The LXX has a word that indicates contrast. For example:

    Yet I am become rich (KJV) (ESV, KJV, RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) along with most versions. Some versions express this intensity with special punctuation or by adding words for this purpose. For example:

I am rich! (NLT)

“Ah, I have become rich (NJPS)

Use a natural way in your language to indicate this intensity.

12:8b

I have found wealth for myself.

I have found wealth for myself: This line repeats the statement of 8a using different words. In Hebrew, this clause is more literally “I have acquired wealth for myself.”

Some versions leave the Hebrew phrase for myself implicit. The phrase may indicate Ephraim’s pride that he gained the wealth without help from anyone else. Some versions, like the BSB above, translate this meaning explicitly. For example:

I’ve made a fortune all by myself! (NLT)

I earned it all on my own (CEV)

12:8c

In all my labors, they can find in me no iniquity that is sinful.”

In all my labors, they can find in me no iniquity that is sinful: There are several textual variants of this clause that affect the meaning:

  1. The Masoretic Text has “[in] all my toils people will not find in me iniquity which [is] sin.” Ephraim is the speaker. In this sentence, he boasts that he obtained his wealth without committing sin. For example:

    In all of my gain no offense has been found in me that would be sin. (NRSV) (BSB, CEV, ESV, GNT, GW, KJV, NASB, NET, NIV, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. The LXX has “none of the fruits of his toil will be available to him, because of the injustice with which he sinned.” God is the speaker (through Hosea). In this sentence, God says that Ephraim will not be able to use his wealth, because he obtained it sinfully. For example:

    But of all his gains he will keep nothing because of the sin of which he is guilty (NJB) (NCV, NJB)

  3. The Peshitta has “but all my labors will not be enough to rid me of the sin which I have sinned.” Ephraim is the speaker (In the RSV, God is the speaker through Hosea). This sentence is a comment that Ephraim cannot atone for his sin by gaining wealth. For example:

    But all his riches can never offset the guilt he has incurred (RSV) (RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) along with most versions.

iniquity that is sinful: There are two acceptable ways to understand this phrase:

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

(Occurrence 0) I have certainly become very rich; I have found wealth for myself

(Some words not found in UHB: Kənaˊan in=his/its=hand scales_of false [who]_to,defraud he/it_loved )

These two phrases mean the same thing and mean that the people of Ephraim consider themselves to be very prosperous.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

(Occurrence 0) I have found wealth

(Some words not found in UHB: Kənaˊan in=his/its=hand scales_of false [who]_to,defraud he/it_loved )

Becoming wealthy by trading is spoken of as finding wealth. Alternate translation: “I have made much money”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

(Occurrence 0) they will not find any iniquity in me, anything that would be sin

(Some words not found in UHB: Kənaˊan in=his/its=hand scales_of false [who]_to,defraud he/it_loved )

These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the people of Ephraim consider themselves to be blameless. Alternate translation: “they will not discover that I have done anything sinful”

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

12:7-8 During the reign of Jeroboam II (793–753 BC), Israelite merchants became fabulously wealthy, often by using deceitful business practices like dishonest scales (see Amos 8:5-6).
• The Hebrew term translated merchants is kena‘an (“Canaan”). Canaanite traders were notorious in the ancient world for their crafty dealings. The Israelites had imitated their pagan neighbors not only in religion but also in commerce.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. a merchant
    2. -
    3. 3447
    5. 523780
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366077
    1. in his/its hand
    2. -
    3. 846,3204,1978
    5. 523781,523782,523783
    6. P-R,Ncbsc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366078
    1. balances of
    2. -
    3. 4776
    5. 523784
    6. S-Ncmdc
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366079
    1. deceit
    2. -
    3. 4202
    5. 523785
    6. S-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366080
    1. who to defraud
    2. -
    3. 3705,6026
    5. 523786,523787
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366081
    1. he loves
    2. -
    3. 643
    5. 523788
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366082

OET (OET-LV) [fn] a_merchant in_his/its_hand balances_of deceit who_to_defraud he_loves.

12:8 Note: KJB: Hos.12.7

OET (OET-RV) Efrayim/Yisrael said, “Fantastic. I’ve become rich.
 ⇔ I’ve found wealth for myself.
 ⇔ In all my labours they won’t find disobedience in me,
 ⇔ which would be sin.”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 12:8 ↑ → ► ║ ©