LAM 1:8 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. חֵטְא
2. 473323
3. sin
4. -
5. 2399
6. O-Ncmsa
7. sin
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331617
1. חָטְאָה
2. 473324
3. it has sinned
4. -
5. 2398
6. V-Vqp3fs
7. it_has_sinned
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331618
1. יְרוּשָׁלִַם
2. 473325
3. Yərūshālam/(Jerusalem)
4. Yerushalem
5. 3389
6. S-Np
7. Jerusalem
8. -
9. Location=Jerusalem; Y-588
10. 331619
1. עַל
2. 473326
3. therefore
4. therefore
6. S-R
7. therefore
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331620
2. 473327
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 331621
1. כֵּן
2. 473328
3. yes/correct/thus/so
4. -
6. S-Tm
7. yes/correct/thus/so
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331622
1. לְ,נִידָה
2. 473329,473330
3. (into) impurity
4. -
5. 5206
6. S-R,Ncfsa
7. (into),impurity
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331623
1. הָיָתָה
2. 473331
3. it has become
4. became
5. 1961
6. V-Vqp3fs
7. it_has_become
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331624
1. כָּל
2. 473332
3. all of
4. All
5. 3605
6. S-Ncmsc
7. all_of
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331625
2. 473333
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 331626
1. מְכַבְּדֶי,הָ
2. 473334,473335
3. those of who honoured it
4. -
5. 3513
6. S-Vprmpc,Sp3fs
7. [those_of,who]_honored_it
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331627
1. הִזִּילוּ,הָ
2. 473336,473337
3. they despise it
4. scorned
5. 2107
6. VO-Vhp3cp,Sp3fs
7. they,despise_it
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331628
1. כִּי
2. 473338
3. if/because
4. because
6. S-C
7. if/because
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331629
2. 473339
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 331630
1. רָאוּ
2. 473340
3. they have seen
4. they've seen
5. 7200
6. V-Vqp3cp
7. they_have_seen
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331631
1. עֶרְוָתָ,הּ
2. 473341,473342
3. nakedness of its
4. nakedness
5. 6172
6. O-Ncfsc,Sp3fs
7. nakedness_of,its
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331632
1. גַּם
2. 473343
3. also
4. -
5. 1571
6. S-Ta
7. also
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331633
2. 473344
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 331634
1. הִיא
2. 473345
3. it
4. -
5. 1931
6. S-Pp3fs
7. it
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331635
1. נֶאֶנְחָה
2. 473346
3. it has groaned
4. groans
5. 584
6. V-VNp3fs
7. it_has_groaned
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331636
1. וַ,תָּשָׁב
2. 473347,473348
3. and it has turned away
4. and turns away
5. 7725
6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
7. and,it_has_turned_away
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331637
1. אָחוֹר
2. 473349
3. backward
4. -
5. 268
6. S-Ncmsa
7. backward
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331638
2. 473350
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 331639
2. 473351
3. -
4. -
6. -x-samekh
8. S
9. -
10. 331640

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

לְ⁠נִידָ֣ה הָיָ֑תָה

(into),impurity become

Here the author is speaking as if Jerusalem were an object of ritual abhorrence, something that people treat as defiling and avoid. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [she has become something people avoid]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

עֶרְוָתָ֔⁠הּ

nakedness_of,its

By her nakedness, the author means her naked body is being exposed to shame before her enemies. You could indicate this explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [how shamefully exposed she is]

Note 3 topic: translate-symaction

וַ⁠תָּ֥שָׁב אָחֽוֹר

(Some words not found in UHB: sin she_sinned Yerushalayim on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in yes/correct/thus/so (into),impurity become all/each/any/every [those_of,who]_honored_it they,despise_it that/for/because/then/when seen nakedness_of,its also/yet she/it groans and,it_has_turned_away away )

Turning backward was a symbolic action by which Jerusalem showed her shame and disgrace before those who saw her. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text of your translation or in a footnote. Alternate translation: [and retreated in shame]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Hebrew word
5. Hebrew lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. sin
2. -
3. 2334
5. 473323
6. O-Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331617
1. Yərūshālam/(Jerusalem)
2. Yerushalem
3. 2998
5. 473325
6. S-Np
8. -
9. Location=Jerusalem; Y-588
10. 331619
1. it has sinned
2. -
3. 2543
5. 473324
6. V-Vqp3fs
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331618
1. therefore
2. therefore
3. 5837
5. 473326
6. S-R
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331620
1. yes/correct/thus/so
2. -
3. 3529
5. 473328
6. S-Tm
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331622
1. (into) impurity
2. -
3. 3705,4987
5. 473329,473330
6. S-R,Ncfsa
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331623
1. it has become
2. became
3. 1929
5. 473331
6. V-Vqp3fs
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331624
1. all of
2. All
3. 3671
5. 473332
6. S-Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331625
1. those of who honoured it
2. -
3. 3592,1978
5. 473334,473335
6. S-Vprmpc,Sp3fs
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331627
1. they despise it
2. scorned
3. 2165,1978
5. 473336,473337
6. VO-Vhp3cp,Sp3fs
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331628
1. if/because
2. because
3. 3482
5. 473338
6. S-C
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331629
1. they have seen
2. they've seen
3. 7240
5. 473340
6. V-Vqp3cp
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331631
1. nakedness of its
2. nakedness
3. 5779,1978
5. 473341,473342
6. O-Ncfsc,Sp3fs
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331632
1. also
2. -
3. 1471
5. 473343
6. S-Ta
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331633
1. it
2. -
3. 1855
5. 473345
6. S-Pp3fs
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331635
1. it has groaned
2. groans
3. 690
5. 473346
6. V-VNp3fs
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331636
1. and it has turned away
2. and turns away
3. 1987,7951
5. 473347,473348
6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331637
1. backward
2. -
3. 658
5. 473349
6. S-Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-588
10. 331638

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

OET interlinear LAM 1:8

Hebrew word order

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)