OET interlinear LAM 2:1

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / exclamations

אֵיכָה֩ יָעִ֨יב בְּ⁠אַפּ֤⁠וֹ ׀ אֲדֹנָ⁠י֙ אֶת־בַּת־צִיּ֔וֹן

how overshadowed (Some words not found in UHB: how overshadowed in,anger_of,his my=master DOM daughter_of Tsiyyōn/(Zion) thrown_down from,heaven earth/land splendour_of Yisrael and=not remembered footstool_of his_feet_of,his in/on=day his_anger_of,his )

The exclamation How indicates that Jeremiah is expressing his grief and sorrow over what the Lord has done to Jerusalem. Your language may have its own way of expressing feelings of grief and sorrow. Alternate translation: [The Lord has covered with a cloud in his anger the daughter of Zion]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

יָעִ֨יב

overshadowed

The writer is speaking of the Lord bringing judgment on Jerusalem as if the Lord covered with a cloud the city, that is, as if he brought darkness and gloom upon it. If your language has a comparable expression, you could use it. If not, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [has darkened]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

בְּ⁠אַפּ֤⁠וֹ

(Some words not found in UHB: how overshadowed in,anger_of,his my=master DOM daughter_of Tsiyyōn/(Zion) thrown_down from,heaven earth/land splendour_of Yisrael and=not remembered footstool_of his_feet_of,his in/on=day his_anger_of,his )

The writer is using the phrase in his nose as a common expression of the culture to mean that the Lord is angry. If this phrase does not have that meaning for your readers, use a comparable expression from your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [in his wrath]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

אֶת־בַּת־צִיּ֔וֹן

DOM (Some words not found in UHB: how overshadowed in,anger_of,his my=master DOM daughter_of Tsiyyōn/(Zion) thrown_down from,heaven earth/land splendour_of Yisrael and=not remembered footstool_of his_feet_of,his in/on=day his_anger_of,his )

The writer is speaking of the people of Jerusalem as if they were a daughter of the city. This is a common expression in the original language for referring to a city and its inhabitants. If your language has a comparable expression, you could use it. If not, you could state the meaning plainly here and elsewhere in this lament. See the Lamentations 2 Introduction for more information. Alternate translation: [the people of Jerusalem]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

הִשְׁלִ֤יךְ מִ⁠שָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ אֶ֔רֶץ תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל

(Some words not found in UHB: how overshadowed in,anger_of,his my=master DOM daughter_of Tsiyyōn/(Zion) thrown_down from,heaven earth/land splendour_of Yisrael and=not remembered footstool_of his_feet_of,his in/on=day his_anger_of,his )

The writer is speaking of the Lord removing Israel’s honor as if the Lord had cast down from heaven to earth the splendor of Israel. The image of heaven represents a high and honored position, while earth represents a low and disgraced position. If your language has a comparable expression, you could use it. If not, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [He has taken away the honor of Israel and made it a disgrace]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל

(Some words not found in UHB: how overshadowed in,anger_of,his my=master DOM daughter_of Tsiyyōn/(Zion) thrown_down from,heaven earth/land splendour_of Yisrael and=not remembered footstool_of his_feet_of,his in/on=day his_anger_of,his )

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of splendor, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [everything that made Israel splendid]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

הֲדֹם־רַגְלָ֖י⁠ו

footstool_of his_feet_of,his

Here, the footstool of his feet represents the temple in Jerusalem, since the temple was considered the place where God’s presence rested on earth, as a king rests his feet on a footstool. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [his temple]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

הֲדֹם־רַגְלָ֖י⁠ו

footstool_of his_feet_of,his

The writer is using the possessive form to describe a footstool that belongs to God, that is, the place where God rests his feet. This refers to the temple or the ark of the covenant. If a speaker of your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: [the footstool where he rests his feet]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

בְּ⁠י֥וֹם אַפּֽ⁠וֹ

(Some words not found in UHB: how overshadowed in,anger_of,his my=master DOM daughter_of Tsiyyōn/(Zion) thrown_down from,heaven earth/land splendour_of Yisrael and=not remembered footstool_of his_feet_of,his in/on=day his_anger_of,his )

Here, on the day of his nose represents the time or occasion when God acted in judgment. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [on the occasion of his wrath]