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1 Pet C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

1 Pet 1 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25

OET interlinear 1 PET 1:20

← 1 PET 1:20 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ἀνεγνωσμένου
    2. anaginōskō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 3140
    6. VPEP·GMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ read
    8. ˓having_been˒ read
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 148788
    1. προεγνωσμένου
    2. proginōskō
    3. having been foreknown
    4. known
    5. 42670
    6. VPEP·GMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ foreknown
    8. ˓having_been˒ foreknown
    9. -
    10. Y60; R148787; Person=Jesus
    11. 148789
    1. προσεγνωσμένου
    2. prosginōskō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 43249
    6. VPEP·GMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ foreknown
    8. ˓having_been˒ foreknown
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 148790
    1. μέν
    2. men
    3. on one hand
    4. -
    5. 33030
    6. C·······
    7. on_one_hand
    8. on_one_hand
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148791
    1. πρό
    2. pro
    3. before
    4. before
    5. 42530
    6. P·······
    7. before
    8. before
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148792
    1. καταβολῆς
    2. katabolē
    3. +the foundation
    4. -
    5. 26020
    6. N····GFS
    7. ˓the˒ foundation
    8. ˓the˒ foundation
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148793
    1. κόσμου
    2. kosmos
    3. of +the world
    4. world
    5. 28890
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ world
    8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ world
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148794
    1. φανερωθέντος
    2. faneroō
    3. having been revealed
    4. revealed
    5. 53190
    6. VPAP·GMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ revealed
    8. ˓having_been˒ revealed
    9. -
    10. Y60; R148787; Person=Jesus
    11. 148795
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. on the other hand
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. on_the_other_hand
    8. on_the_other_hand
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148796
    1. ἐπʼ
    2. epi
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 19090
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148797
    1. ἐσχάτου
    2. esχatos
    3. +the last
    4. -
    5. 20780
    6. S····GMS
    7. ˓the˒ last
    8. ˓the˒ last
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148798
    1. ἐσχάτων
    2. esχatos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 20780
    6. S····GMP
    7. ˓the˒ last
    8. ˓the˒ last
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 148799
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148800
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 148801
    1. χρόνων
    2. χronos
    3. times
    4. -
    5. 55500
    6. N····GMP
    7. times
    8. times
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148802
    1. χρόνου
    2. χronos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 55500
    6. N····GMS
    7. time
    8. time
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 148803
    1. διʼ
    2. dia
    3. because of
    4. -
    5. 12230
    6. P·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148804
    1. ἡμάς
    2. egō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1A·P
    7. us
    8. us
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 148805
    1. ὑμᾶς
    2. su
    3. you all
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2A·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. Y60; R148452
    11. 148806

OET (OET-LV) having_been_foreknown on_one_hand before the_foundation of_the_world, on_the_other_hand having_been_revealed in the_last the times because_of you_all,

OET (OET-RV) He’d been known before the world was created, yet he was only recently revealed for the sake of you chosen people

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:13–25: God wants believers to live holy lives

In this section Peter urged his readers to live holy lives (vv. 13–16). Christ had paid a great price to save them (vv. 17–21) and had given them new life (vv. 23–25). In response to God’s kindness they should love one another (1:22).

Some other headings for this section are:

Live Holy Lives (GW)

Chosen To Live a Holy Life (CEV)

Paragraph 1:17–21

Some English versions do not begin a new paragraph here.That these versions take 1:13–21 to be a paragraph is reasonable, because to start a new paragraph at verse 17 divides what appears to be the chiastic structure that Peter intended. Instead, 1:13–21 forms a paragraph (GW, NET, NJB, RSV).

1:20

Even before God created the world, he had already appointed his Son, Christ, to save mankind. Finally, after many ages had passed, Christ came into the world as a human being. God sent him to be the perfect sacrifice and save people from their sins.

1:20a

He was known before the foundation of the world,

He was known: The Greek word that the BSB translates as He was known is passive. If it is more natural in your language to use an active verb, you could say:

God knew Jesus

God “knew” Jesus in the sense that he decided that Jesus would do a certain task. The expression does not mean that God selected Jesus from a group.The Greek word that the BSB translates as known is literally “foreknown.” The NASB, GW, and KJV translate literally. See the notes on 1:2a. Other ways to translate this include:

God appointed/designated him

he was predestined/destined (REB)

before the foundation of the world: The words that the BSB translates as the foundation of the world refer to God’s creating the world and everything in it. In some languages it may be natural to translate the abstract noun foundation as a verb. For example:

before the world was created (CEV)

before the world existed (GW)

before God created/made the world

1:20b

but was revealed in the last times for your sake.

but: There are two ways of understanding the relationship between 1:20a and 1:20b:

  1. The relationship is one of contrast. For example:

    but (RSV) (BSB, KJV, NASB, REB, NET, GW, NLT, NCV, CEV, NIV, RSV)

  2. The relationship is one of continuation. For example:

    and (GNT) (NJB, GNT)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) and the majority of English versions.

was revealed: The verb phrase was revealed is referring to Christ’s life and ministry on earth during Peter’s lifetime. Christ came from heaven to earth for everyone to see him. The verb is passive. If it is more natural in your language to use an active verb, you may say:

God revealed him

God sent him to earth for all to see

he appeared

in the last times: The period of the last times began when Jesus Christ “was revealed” in Peter’s time (see note above), and they will end when the world comes to an end.

There is a textual issue here. The Greek manuscripts do not all say the same thing:

  1. Some Greek manuscripts speak of a period of time, literally “the ends of the times.” For example:

    in this last period of time (REB) (BSB, CEV, KJV, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, GNT, NLT, GW, REB, JBP)

  2. Some Greek manuscripts speak of a point of time, literally “the end of the times.” For example:

    at the final point of time (NJB) (RSV, NJB)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) and the majority of English versions. You may be able to translate this phrase as:

in this final period of time

in these final times before the world ends

for your sake: In this context, the phrase for your sake means “for your benefit.” God sent Jesus Christ into the world for the benefit of all who trust him. He planned to do good to them by saving them from sin and giving them eternal life. Here is another way to translate this phrase:

for your good (GW)

In some languages it may be necessary to use a verb form. For example:

to help you

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

προεγνωσμένου

˓having_been˒_foreknown

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [God having foreknown him]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

προεγνωσμένου

˓having_been˒_foreknown

This phrase could mean: (1) God had determined what Christ would do. Alternate translation: [having been planned previously] (2) God knew what Christ would do ahead of time. Alternate translation: [having been known beforehand,]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

πρὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: προεγνωσμένου μέν πρό καταβολῆς κόσμου φανερωθέντος δέ ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τῶν χρόνων διʼ ὑμᾶς)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of foundation, you can express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [before God founded the world]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

φανερωθέντος

˓having_been˒_revealed

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [God having revealed him]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

φανερωθέντος

˓having_been˒_revealed

Here, having been revealed refers to the first time Jesus came to the earth. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: [having been revealed when he came to earth]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐπ’ ἐσχάτου τῶν χρόνων

in ˓the˒_last ¬the times

Here, the last of the times refers to the final period of history which began when Jesus came to the earth for the first time. This period will end when Jesus returns to earth. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: [in this final time period of history]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. having been foreknown
    2. known
    3. 42670
    5. proginōskō
    6. V-PEP·GMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ foreknown
    8. ˓having_been˒ foreknown
    9. -
    10. Y60; R148787; Person=Jesus
    11. 148789
    1. on one hand
    2. -
    3. 33030
    5. men
    6. C-·······
    7. on_one_hand
    8. on_one_hand
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148791
    1. before
    2. before
    3. 42530
    5. pro
    6. P-·······
    7. before
    8. before
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148792
    1. +the foundation
    2. -
    3. 26020
    5. katabolē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˓the˒ foundation
    8. ˓the˒ foundation
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148793
    1. of +the world
    2. world
    3. 28890
    5. kosmos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ world
    8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ world
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148794
    1. on the other hand
    2. -
    3. 11610
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. on_the_other_hand
    8. on_the_other_hand
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148796
    1. having been revealed
    2. revealed
    3. 53190
    5. faneroō
    6. V-PAP·GMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ revealed
    8. ˓having_been˒ revealed
    9. -
    10. Y60; R148787; Person=Jesus
    11. 148795
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 19090
    5. epi
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148797
    1. +the last
    2. -
    3. 20780
    5. esχatos
    6. S-····GMS
    7. ˓the˒ last
    8. ˓the˒ last
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148798
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMP
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148800
    1. times
    2. -
    3. 55500
    5. χronos
    6. N-····GMP
    7. times
    8. times
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148802
    1. because of
    2. -
    3. 12230
    5. dia
    6. P-·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 148804
    1. you all
    2. -
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2A·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. Y60; R148452
    11. 148806

OET (OET-LV) having_been_foreknown on_one_hand before the_foundation of_the_world, on_the_other_hand having_been_revealed in the_last the times because_of you_all,

OET (OET-RV) He’d been known before the world was created, yet he was only recently revealed for the sake of you chosen people

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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← 1 PET 1:20 ↑ → ► ║ ©