OET interlinear 1PET 1:2

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

πρόγνωσιν Θεοῦ Πατρός

/the/_foreknowledge ˱of˲_God /the/_Father

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of foreknowledge, you can express the same idea with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “what God the Father foreknew”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

πρόγνωσιν Θεοῦ Πατρός

/the/_foreknowledge ˱of˲_God /the/_Father

This phrase could mean: (1) God had determined what would happen ahead of time. Alternate translation: “what God the Father planned previously” (2) God knew what would happen ahead of time. Alternate translation: “what God the Father knew beforehand”

Note 3 topic: guidelines-sonofgodprinciples

Πατρός

/the/_Father

Father is an important title for God.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἐν ἁγιασμῷ Πνεύματος

by /the/_holiness ˱of˲_/the/_Spirit

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of sanctification, you can express the same idea with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “by the Spirit sanctifying you”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

ἐν ἁγιασμῷ Πνεύματος

by /the/_holiness ˱of˲_/the/_Spirit

Peter is using the possessive form to describe sanctification that is produced by the Holy Spirit. If this is not clear in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by the Spirit causing you to be sanctified”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

εἰς ὑπακοὴν καὶ ῥαντισμὸν αἵματος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

to /the/_obedience and sprinkling ˱of˲_/the/_blood ˱of˲_Jesus Christ

Here, obedience could refer to: (1) obeying God. Alternate translation: “for obedience of God and the sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ” (2) obeying Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “for obedience of Jesus Christ and the sprinkling of his blood”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

εἰς ὑπακοὴν

to /the/_obedience

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of obedience, you can express the same idea with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “for you to obey”

Note 8 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

εἰς ὑπακοὴν

to /the/_obedience

Here, for introduces a purpose clause. Peter is stating a purpose for which the Holy Spirit sanctifies believers. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a purpose clause. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of obedience”

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ῥαντισμὸν αἵματος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

sprinkling ˱of˲_/the/_blood ˱of˲_Jesus Christ

Peter uses sprinkling to refer to believers being in a covenant relationship with God. Just as Moses sprinkled blood on the people of Israel in Exodus 24:1–11 to symbolize that they were joining in a covenant relationship with God, believers are joined in a covenant relationship with God by means of Jesus’ death. Moses also sprinkled blood on the priests to set them apart to serve God as priests (Leviticus 8:30). If your readers would not understand this, you could use a simile or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the covenant between believers and God established by the blood of Jesus Christ”

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

αἵματος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

˱of˲_/the/_blood ˱of˲_Jesus Christ

Here, blood refers to the death of Jesus. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “of the blood, the symbol of the death of Jesus Christ”

Note 11 topic: translate-blessing

χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη

grace ˱to˲_you_all and peace /might_have/_multiplied

In this culture, letter writers would offer a good wish for the recipient before introducing the main business of the letter. Use a form in your language that makes it clear that this is a greeting and blessing. Alternate translation: “May God increase his kind acts to you and make you more peaceful”

Note 12 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη

grace ˱to˲_you_all and peace /might_have/_multiplied

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract nouns Grace and peace by stating the ideas behind them with equivalent expressions. Alternate translation: “May God multiply his kind acts to you and give you a more peaceful spirit”

Note 13 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη

grace ˱to˲_you_all and peace /might_have/_multiplied

Peter speaks of Grace and peace as if they were objects that could increase in size or number. If this is confusing in your language, you can use a different metaphor that means that these things will increase, or use plain language. Alternate translation: “May grace and peace increase in your lives”

Note 14 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη

grace ˱to˲_you_all and peace /might_have/_multiplied

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “May God multiply grace and peace to you”