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Php C1 C2 C3 C4

Php 3 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V19 V20 V21

OET interlinear PHP 3:18

◄ ← PHP 3:18 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. πολλοί
    2. pollos
    3. many
    4. -
    5. 41830
    6. S····NMP
    7. many
    8. many
    9. -
    10. Y64; F132074; F132078; F132089
    11. 132055
    1. Γάρ
    2. gar
    3. For/Because
    4. -
    5. 10630
    6. C·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. S
    10. Y64
    11. 132056
    1. περιπατοῦσιν
    2. peripateō
    3. are walking
    4. -
    5. 40430
    6. VIPA3··P
    7. ˓are˒ walking
    8. ˓are˒ walking
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132057
    1. οὕς
    2. hos
    3. of whom
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····AMP
    7. ˱of˲ whom
    8. ˱of˲ whom
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132058
    1. πολλάκις
    2. pollakis
    3. often
    4. often
    5. 41780
    6. D·······
    7. often
    8. often
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132059
    1. ἔλεγον
    2. legō
    3. I was telling
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIIA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓was˒ telling
    8. ˱I˲ ˓was˒ telling
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
    11. 132060
    1. ὑμῖν
    2. su
    3. to you all
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2D·P
    7. ˱to˲ you_all
    8. ˱to˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y64; R132044
    11. 132061
    1. νῦν
    2. nun
    3. now
    4. -
    5. 35680
    6. D·······
    7. now
    8. now
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132062
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132063
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. even
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. D·······
    7. even
    8. even
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132064
    1. κλαίων
    2. klaiō
    3. weeping
    4. -
    5. 27990
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. weeping
    8. weeping
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
    11. 132065
    1. λέγω
    2. legō
    3. I am telling you
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIPA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ telling ‹you›
    8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ telling ‹you›
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
    11. 132066
    1. βλέπετε
    2. blepō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 9910
    6. VMPA2··P
    7. ˓be˒ watching_out
    8. ˓be˒ watching_out
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 132067
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132068
    1. ἐχθρούς
    2. eχthros
    3. enemies
    4. -
    5. 21900
    6. S····AMP
    7. enemies
    8. enemies
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132069
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132070
    1. σταυροῦ
    2. stauros
    3. stake
    4. stake
    5. 47160
    6. N····GMS
    7. stake
    8. cross
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132071
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132072
    1. Χριστοῦ
    2. χristos
    3. chosen one messiah
    4. messiah
    5. 55470
    6. N····GMS
    7. chosen_one/messiah
    8. Messiah
    9. WN
    10. Y64; Person=Jesus
    11. 132073

OET (OET-LV) For/Because many are_walking, of_whom often I_was_telling to_you_all, and now even weeping, I_am_telling you, the enemies of_the stake of_the chosen_one/messiah,

OET (OET-RV) As I’ve often told you before and now say it again with tears, there are many who are against the stake of the messiah

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 3:1–4:1: The Philippians should follow Paul’s example and trust Christ to make them righteous

Paul told the believers to watch out for those who were teaching that believers must be circumcised. He also warned them against those who were proud of doing evil. He encouraged them to follow his example instead. Paul tried to be like Christ and depended on him alone in order to become righteous.

In both 3:1 and 4:1, Paul talked about being joyful. Therefore, it is possible to consider that 3:1 is an introduction to this section and 4:1 is a summary of this section. However, some English versions consider that 3:1a is the final statement in the previous section and so attach it to the end of chapter 2 (REB, NJB, NRSV). You may want to follow whatever the national language version in your area does here.

Paragraph 3:17–21

Paul wanted the Philippians to act like citizens of heaven, as he did, and not to act like those who were proud of doing wrong.

3:18

Commentators disagree about whom Paul was referring to in 3:18–19. The main suggestions are:

  1. the Judaizers Paul mentioned earlier in the chapter who were trying to make the Gentile Christians become like Jews.

  2. Christians who believed they did not need to obey any moral laws.

  3. non-Christian Jews.

All the Greek text (especially 3:19) implies is that they were people opposed to moral laws. You should not try and identify these people further in your translation.

Once again Paul talked about the enemies of Christ with strong feeling and emotion. Try to make this meaning clear in your translation.

3:18a

For as I have often told you before, and now say again even with tears:

For: This means that the evil lives of Christ’s enemies are one of the reasons the believers should try to imitate Paul’s godly life.

as I have often told you before: Paul had often warned the believers about the enemies he was about to describe.

and now say again even with tears: Paul was very sorrowful, even to the point of crying, when he had to tell the believers again about these enemies of Christ.

with tears: The Greek word that the BSB translates as with tears literally means “crying, weeping, wailing.”

3:18b

Many live as enemies of the cross of Christ.

Many live as enemies of the cross of Christ: Many people behaved in a way that showed that they opposed the good news, especially the main teaching about why Christ died on the cross. In many languages it does not make sense to say that someone is an “enemy of the cross.” The Display for 3:18b shows some ways to translate this.

Many: It may be necessary to include some implicit information here to clarify who these Many were. For example:

Many say they are Christians, but they act like they hate the message about Christ dying on the cross.

Paul does not say explicitly whether these people were Christians or not, even though they claimed to be.

live: As in 3:17b, the word that the BSB translates as live refers here to acting or behaving in a certain way.

the cross of Christ: This means “the cross on which Jesus died.” Here this is used figuratively to refer to the significance or purpose of Christ’s death.

General Comment on 3:18

In some languages it may be helpful to reorder this verse so that the main thing Paul is saying comes at the beginning. For example:

For there are many enemies of the cross of Christ. I have told you about them before, and now I am crying as I tell you again.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

πολλοὶ γὰρ περιπατοῦσιν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: πολλοί Γάρ περιπατοῦσιν οὕς πολλάκις ἔλεγον ὑμῖν νῦν δέ καί κλαίων λέγω τούς ἐχθρούς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ)

The word walk is a Jewish figure of speech meaning to “live” or to “conduct one’s life.” In Jewish culture a person’s behavior was spoken of as if that person were walking along a path. If it would be helpful in your language, consider stating this in plain language. Alternate translation: [For many live] or [For many people conduct their lives]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

πολλοὶ γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: πολλοί Γάρ περιπατοῦσιν οὕς πολλάκις ἔλεγον ὑμῖν νῦν δέ καί κλαίων λέγω τούς ἐχθρούς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ)

The phrase For many leaves out a word that would be needed in some languages to be completely clear. If it would be clearer in your language, you could supply the missing word from the context. Alternate translation: [For many people walk]

νῦν δὲ καὶ κλαίων

now (Some words not found in SR-GNT: πολλοί Γάρ περιπατοῦσιν οὕς πολλάκις ἔλεγον ὑμῖν νῦν δέ καί κλαίων λέγω τούς ἐχθρούς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ)

Alternate translation: [but now telling you with great sadness]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τοὺς ἐχθροὺς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: πολλοί Γάρ περιπατοῦσιν οὕς πολλάκις ἔλεγον ὑμῖν νῦν δέ καί κλαίων λέγω τούς ἐχθρούς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ)

Paul is describing the good news of Jesus’ death and resurrection and the work of sharing this good news by associating these things with the cross of Christ. The phrase the cross of Christ is synonymous with the gospel message and the work of spreading the gospel message. The phrase enemies of the cross of Christ refers to the people who are opposed to the message of the gospel and who oppose the people who share the gospel with others. If this is not clear in your language, you could express this with plain language. Alternate translation: [as enemies of the good news about Jesus] or [as enemies of the message about Jesus and enemies of those who proclaim it] or [as enemies of the message about Jesus and enemies of those who share it with others]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

3:18 The identity of the enemies is not known; they might have been (1) Jews or Jewish Christians proud of their circumcision (as in 3:2), whose emphasis on observant Judaism contradicted the cross of Christ; (2) pseudo-believers living a worldly, immoral life (cp. 3:19); or (3) professing believers who had rejected Paul’s cross-centered view of the Good News. Christ’s crucifixion as a criminal was scandalous and offensive to many (see 1 Cor 1:23; cp. Rom 9:33; 1 Pet 2:8).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. For/Because
    2. -
    3. 10630
    4. S
    5. gar
    6. C-·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. S
    10. Y64
    11. 132056
    1. many
    2. -
    3. 41830
    5. pollos
    6. S-····NMP
    7. many
    8. many
    9. -
    10. Y64; F132074; F132078; F132089
    11. 132055
    1. are walking
    2. -
    3. 40430
    5. peripateō
    6. V-IPA3··P
    7. ˓are˒ walking
    8. ˓are˒ walking
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132057
    1. of whom
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····AMP
    7. ˱of˲ whom
    8. ˱of˲ whom
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132058
    1. often
    2. often
    3. 41780
    5. pollakis
    6. D-·······
    7. often
    8. often
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132059
    1. I was telling
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IIA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓was˒ telling
    8. ˱I˲ ˓was˒ telling
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
    11. 132060
    1. to you all
    2. -
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2D·P
    7. ˱to˲ you_all
    8. ˱to˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y64; R132044
    11. 132061
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 11610
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132063
    1. now
    2. -
    3. 35680
    5. nun
    6. D-·······
    7. now
    8. now
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132062
    1. even
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. D-·······
    7. even
    8. even
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132064
    1. weeping
    2. -
    3. 27990
    5. klaiō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. weeping
    8. weeping
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
    11. 132065
    1. I am telling you
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IPA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ telling ‹you›
    8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ telling ‹you›
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130717; Person=Paul
    11. 132066
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132068
    1. enemies
    2. -
    3. 21900
    5. eχthros
    6. S-····AMP
    7. enemies
    8. enemies
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132069
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132070
    1. stake
    2. stake
    3. 47160
    5. stauros
    6. N-····GMS
    7. stake
    8. cross
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132071
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 132072
    1. chosen one messiah
    2. messiah
    3. 55470
    4. WN
    5. χristos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. chosen_one/messiah
    8. Messiah
    9. WN
    10. Y64; Person=Jesus
    11. 132073

OET (OET-LV) For/Because many are_walking, of_whom often I_was_telling to_you_all, and now even weeping, I_am_telling you, the enemies of_the stake of_the chosen_one/messiah,

OET (OET-RV) As I’ve often told you before and now say it again with tears, there are many who are against the stake of the messiah

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← PHP 3:18 ↑ → ► ║ ©