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ParallelVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
Jos Intro C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24
Jos 12 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24
Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) as well as the hill country, the lowlands, the rift valley, the slopes, the wilderness and the Negev—the land of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and the Yebusites:![]()
OET-LV In_country and_in_Shephelah and_in_ˊArāⱱāh and_on_slopes and_in_wilderness and_in_Negeⱱ the_Ḩittiy[s] the_ʼAmorī and_the_Kənaˊₐnī/(Canaanite)[s] the_Pərizzī[s] the_Ḩiūī and_the_Yəⱱūşī/(Jebusite)[s].
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UHB בָּהָ֣ר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֗ה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה֙ וּבָ֣אֲשֵׁד֔וֹת וּבַמִּדְבָּ֖ר וּבַנֶּ֑גֶב הַֽחִתִּי֙ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ הַפְּרִזִּ֔י הַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃פ ‡
(bāhār ūⱱashshəfēlāh ūⱱāˊₐrāⱱāh ūⱱāʼₐshēdōt ūⱱammidbār ūⱱannegeⱱ haḩittī hāʼₑmoriy vəhakkənaˊₐnī hapərizziy haḩiūiy vəhayəⱱūşiy.◊)
Key: .
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX ἐν τῷ ὄρει, καὶ ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ, καὶ ἐν Ἄραβ, καὶ ἐν Ἀσηδὼθ, καὶ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, καὶ Ναγὲβ· τὸν Χετταῖον, καὶ τὸν Ἀμοῤῥαῖον, καὶ τὸν Χαναναῖον, καὶ τὸν Φερεζαῖον, καὶ τὸν Εὐαῖον, καὶ τὸν Ἰεβουσαῖον.
(en tōi orei, kai en tōi pediōi, kai en Arab, kai en Asaʸdōth, kai en taʸ eraʸmōi, kai Nageb; ton Ⱪettaion, kai ton Amoɽɽaion, kai ton Ⱪananaion, kai ton Ferezaion, kai ton Euaion, kai ton Iebousaion. )
BrTr in the mountain, and in the plain, and in Araba, and in Asedoth, and in the wilderness, and Nageb; the Chettite, and the Amorite, and the Chananite, and the Pherezite, and the Evite, and the Jebusite.
ULT in the hill country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and on the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the Negev—the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
UST This land included the hill country, the lowlands, the plain along the Jordan, the mountainsides, in the desert, and in the southern Judean wilderness. It had belonged to the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and the Jebusites.
BSB the hill country, the foothills,[fn] the Arabah, the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev—[the lands of] the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites):
12:8 Hebrew Shephelah or lowlands; that is, the western foothills of Judea
MSB (Same as BSB above including footnotes)
OEB in the highlands, the lowlands, the Arabah, the slopes, the desert, and the Negeb, the country of the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites:
WEBBE in the hill country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
WMBB (Same as above)
NET including the hill country, the lowlands, the Arabah, the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev – the land of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites:
LSV in the hill-country, and in the low country, and in the plain, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
FBV The land included the hill country, the foothills, the Jordan Valley, the slopes, and the Negev desert—the land of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.[fn]
12:8 See the list in Deuteronomy 7:1.
T4T That land included the mountains, the western hilly area, the Jordan River Valley, the western slopes of the mountains, the desert in Judea, and the Negev desert in the south. That whole area was the land where the Heth, Amor, Canaan, Periz, Hiv, and Jebus people-groups lived. The Israeli army defeated the armies of the kings of each of these cities:
LEB in the hill country, the Shephelah,[fn] the Arabah,[fn] on the slopes, in the wilderness, and in the Negev;[fn] the Hittites,[fn] the Amorites,[fn] the Canaanites,[fn] the Perizzites,[fn] the Hivites,[fn] and the Jebusites:[fn]
12:8 Or “lowlands”; a geographical region on the western edge of the hills of Judea
12:8 A dry region that runs south of the Sea of Galilee along the Jordan Valley
12:8 An arid region south of the Judaean hills
12:8 Hebrew “Hittite”
12:8 Hebrew “Amorite”
12:8 Hebrew “Canaanite”
12:8 Hebrew “Perizzite”
12:8 Hebrew “Hivite”
12:8 Hebrew “Jebusite”
BBE In the hill-country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and on the mountain slopes, and in the waste land, and in the South; the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
Moff in the highlands, the lowlands, the Arabah, the slopes, the desert, and the Negeb, the country of the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
JPS in the hill-country, and in the Lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
ASV in the hill-country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite):
DRA As well in the mountains as in the plains and the champaign countries. In Asedoth, and in the wilderness, and in the south was the Hethite and the Amorrhite, the Chanaanite and the Pherezite, the Hevite and the Jebusite.
YLT in the hill-country, and in the low country, and in the plain, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
Drby in the mountain, and in the lowland, and in the plain, and on the hill-slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the south: the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites:
RV in the hill country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
SLT In the mountain and in the plain and in the desert, and in the ravines and in the desert, and in the south, the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite and the Jebusite:
Wbstr In the mountains, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south country; the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites:
KJB-1769 In the mountains, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south country; the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites:
KJB-1611 In the mountaines and in the valleys, and in the plaines, and in the springs, and in the wildernesse, and in the South countrey: the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hiuites, and the Iebusites.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation and punctuation)
Bshps In the vpper lande and neather land, in the plaines, and in the hil sides, in the wildernesse & southe countrey the Hethites, the Amorites, ye Chanaanites, the Pherezites, ye Heuites, & the Iebusites.
(In the upper land and neather land, in the plains, and in the hill sides, in the wilderness and southe country the Hittites, the Amorites, ye/you_all Canaanites, the Perizzites, ye/you_all Hivites, and the Yebusites.)
Gnva In the mountaines, and in the valleys, and in the plaines, and in the hill sides, and in the wildernes, and in the South, where were the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hiuites, and the Iebusites.
(In the mountains, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the hill sides, and in the wilderness, and in the South, where were the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Yebusites. )
Cvdl what so euer was in ye moutaynes, valleyes, playne feldes, by the ryuers, in ye wyldernesses & towarde the south, the Hethites, Amorites, Cananites, Pheresites, Heuites, and Iebusites.
(what so ever was in ye/you_all mountains, valleys, plain fields, by the rivers, in ye/you_all wildernesss and toward the south, the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Yebusites.)
Wycl as wel in `hilli placis as in pleyn and feeldi placis; in Asseroth, and in wildirnesse, and in the south was Ethei, and Ammorrei, Cananie, and Pheresei, Euey, and Jebusei.
(as well in hilli places as in plain and feeldi places; in Asseroth, and in wilderness, and in the south was Ethei, and Ammorrei, Cananie, and Pheresei, Hivites, and Yebusei.)
Luth was auf den Gebirgen, Gründen, Gefilden, an Bächen, in der Wüste und gegen Mittag war: die Hethiter, Amoriter, Kanaaniter, Pheresiter, Heviter und Jebusiter.
(what/which on/in/to the Gebirgen, found_(thing), fieldsn, at/to streams(n), in the/of_the desert and to/against midday war: the Hethiter, Amoriter, Kanaaniter, Pheresiter, Heviter and Yebusiter.)
ClVg tam in montanis quam in planis atque campestribus. In Asedoth, et in solitudine, ac in meridie, Hethæus fuit et Amorrhæus, Chananæus, et Pherezæus, Hevæus et Jebusæus.
(tam in/into/on montanis how in/into/on planis and_yet plains. In Asedoth, and in/into/on solitude, and in/into/on noon, Hethæus it_was and Amorrhæus, Chananæus, and Pherezæus, Hevæus and Yebusæus. )
12:8 Hittites . . . Jebusites: See study note on 3:10.
In this section there is a list of the kings that the Israelites defeated on the east side and the west side of the Jordan River.
Here is another possible section heading:
The kings that the Israelites defeated on both sides of the Jordan River
The kings that the Israelites defeated on the west side of the Jordan River.
the hill country, the foothills, the Arabah,
including the mountains, the lowlands to the west, the Jordan Valley,
This land included the central mountains, the western foothills of the central mountains, the valley of the Jordan River,
Verse 12:8a-b lists all the geographical areas of Israel on the west side of the Jordan River.
the hill country: The phrase the hill country indicates the central mountain range on the west side of the Jordan River. This word was used in 9:1 and you should translate it the same way in both places.
the foothills: The phrase the foothills refers to the western side of the central mountain range, between the mountains and the coastal plain. This word was used in 9:1 and you should translate it the same way in both places.
the Arabah: The term Arabah refers to the valley of the Jordan River. This word was used in 8:14 and you should translate it the same way in both places.
the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev—
the mountain slopes, the Judean wilderness, and the Negev.
the eastern slopes of the central mountains, the desert of Judea, and the desert in southern Canaan.
the slopes: The phrase the slopes refers to the steep slopes that go down from the hill country eastward to the Dead Sea. This word was used in 10:40 and you should translate it the same way in both places.
the wilderness: The term wilderness indicates the wilderness of Judah. This is a deserted area that lies between the Judean hill country and the Dead Sea.12:8 Aharoni, p. 41.
Here is another way to translate this phrase:
the Judean wilderness (NLT)
and the Negev: The word Negev indicates the southern wilderness area. This word was used in 10:40 and you should translate it the same way in both places.
Verse 12:7b described the land of Israel by naming its northern and southern points. In 12:8a-b the same land is described again by naming its geographical regions. 12:8c describes this land a third time by naming the Canaanite peoples who lived there.
the lands of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites):
This is the land that belonged to the Heth people, the Amor people, the Canaan people, the Periz people, the Hiv people, and the Jebus people.
This was the land where the Hitti people, the Amor people, the Canaan people, the Periz people, the Hiw people, and the Yabus people used to live.
the lands of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites: These are names of peoples who lived in the land of Israel before the Israelites conquered the land. These names occurred in 3:10, but in a different order.
Here is another way to translate this list of peoples:
The people who lived in this region were the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. These are the kings Israel defeated: (NLT)
Verses 12:9–24 is a list of the kings that the Israelites defeated. The BSB translates the words literally according to the Hebrew text. In some languages this may not be natural.
You should translate this list in a way that your language naturally arranges a list. It may be clearer to begin the list with an introduction stating that these are the kings the Israelites defeated. This information was in verse 12:7a and the readers may not make the connection. You can include this introduction at the end of verse 8, as NLT and NCV have done, or at the beginning of verse 9, as GNT has done.
These notes on verses 9–24 include only issues which need explanation.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
הַֽחִתִּי֙ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ הַפְּרִזִּ֔י הַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי
the,Hittite[s] the=ʼAmorī and,the,Canaanite[s] the,Perizzite[s] the=Ḩiūī and,the,Jebusite[s]
The author is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: [these were the lands of the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite]

Joshua 12:7-24
The first half of the book of Joshua recounts the many battles fought during the conquest of the Promised Land. At the very end of this account, Israel’s conquests are summarized in a list of kings defeated by Moses and Joshua. Moses’ victories in the Transjordan are listed first, followed by Joshua’s victories in the land west of the Jordan River. Each of these defeated kings ruled over a single city-state (and sometimes its surrounding territory), and the cities listed were scattered throughout the entire land allotted to the Israelites by Moses and Joshua. It appears, however, that Israel was not always able to maintain control over some of the cities that were defeated, for several of them are noted as the headquarters of various rulers who oppressed the Israelites during the period of the Judges (e.g., Jerusalem, Gezer, Taanach, Dor, Megiddo, and Hazor; see Judges 1-4).