OET interlinear 1COR 2:12

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

δὲ

and

Here, But introduces the next part of Paul’s argument. If it would be helpful in your language, you could leave But untranslated or use a word or phrase that signifies that the argument is moving on. Alternate translation: [Now]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

ἡμεῖς & οὐ τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ κόσμου ἐλάβομεν, ἀλλὰ τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ

we & not the spirit ˱of˲_the world received but the Spirit who_‹is› from ¬the God

If your language would naturally state the negative before the positive, you could reverse the order of the not statement and the but statement. Alternate translation: [we received the Spirit who is from God, not the spirit of the world]

Note 3 topic: translate-unknown

τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ κόσμου

the spirit ˱of˲_the world

The phrase spirit of the world could refer to: (1) a spirit that does not actually exist. In other words, Paul is saying that the Spirit they received did not come from the world but rather came from God. Alternate translation: [a spirit that comes from the world] (2) human ways of thinking and understanding, which could be called a spirit. In other words, Paul is saying that they did not receive human ways of thinking but rather ways of thinking that God’s Spirit brings. Alternate translation: [human ways of thinking]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ κόσμου

the spirit ˱of˲_the world

Here Paul uses the possessive form to describe a spirit that comes from or has its source in the world. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this form with a word or phrase that indicates that the world is the source or origin of this spirit. Alternate translation: [the spirit from the world] or [the spirit that comes from the world]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

ἀλλὰ τὸ Πνεῦμα

but the Spirit

Here Paul omits some words that may be needed in your language to make a complete thought. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply some words from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: [but we received the Spirit]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ

the the Spirit who_‹is› from ¬the God

If it would be more natural in your language, you could make God the subject of the who statement. Alternate translation: [the Spirit whom God sent]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ χαρισθέντα ἡμῖν

the_‹things› by ¬the God /having_been/_granted ˱to˲_us

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Paul uses the passive form here to focus on the things that are given rather than God, who does the “giving.” Alternate translation: [the things that God has freely given to us]