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Heb C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13

Heb 1 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V14

OET interlinear HEB 1:13

← HEB 1:13 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Πρός
    2. pros
    3. To
    4. -
    5. 43140
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. S
    10. Y64
    11. 141199
    1. τίνα
    2. tis
    3. which
    4. which
    5. 51010
    6. R····AMS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. Y64; F141206
    11. 141200
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. but
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141201
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141202
    1. ἀγγέλων
    2. aŋgelos
    3. messengers
    4. messengers
    5. 320
    6. N····GMP
    7. messengers
    8. angels
    9. -
    10. Y64; F141221
    11. 141203
    1. εἴρηκεν
    2. legō
    3. he has said
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIEA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ said
    8. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ said
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141204
    1. ποτέ
    2. pote
    3. once
    4. -
    5. 42180
    6. D·······
    7. once
    8. once
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141205
    1. Κάθου
    2. kathēmai
    3. Be sitting
    4. -
    5. 25210
    6. VMPM2··S
    7. ˓be˒ sitting
    8. ˓be˒ sitting
    9. B
    10. Y64; R141200
    11. 141206
    1. ἐκ
    2. ek
    3. on
    4. -
    5. 15370
    6. P·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141207
    1. δεξιῶν
    2. dexios
    3. +the right
    4. right
    5. 11880
    6. S····GNP
    7. ˓the˒ right
    8. ˓the˒ right
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141208
    1. μού
    2. egō
    3. of me
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1G·S
    7. ˱of˲ me
    8. ˱of˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141209
    1. ἕως
    2. heōs
    3. until
    4. until
    5. 21930
    6. C·······
    7. until
    8. until
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141210
    1. ἄν
    2. an
    3. wishfully
    4. -
    5. 3020
    6. T·······
    7. ¬wishfully
    8. ¬wishfully
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141211
    1. θῶ
    2. tithēmi
    3. I may set
    4. -
    5. 50870
    6. VSAA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓may˒ set
    8. ˱I˲ ˓may˒ set
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141212
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141213
    1. ἐχθρούς
    2. eχthros
    3. enemies
    4. enemies
    5. 21900
    6. S····AMP
    7. enemies
    8. enemies
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141214
    1. σοῦ
    2. su
    3. of you
    4. your
    5. 47710
    6. R···2G·S
    7. ˱of˲ you
    8. ˱of˲ you
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141215
    1. ὑποπόδιον
    2. hupopodion
    3. as +a footstool
    4. -
    5. 52860
    6. N····ANS
    7. ˱as˲ ˓a˒ footstool
    8. ˱as˲ ˓a˒ footstool
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141216
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. for the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ˱for˲ the
    8. ˱for˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141217
    1. ποδῶν
    2. pous
    3. feet
    4. feet
    5. 42280
    6. N····GMP
    7. feet
    8. feet
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141218
    1. σοῦ
    2. su
    3. of you
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2G·S
    7. ˱of˲ you
    8. ˱of˲ you
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141219

OET (OET-LV) To but which of_the messengers he_has_said once:
Be_sitting on the_right of_me, until wishfully I_may_set the enemies of_you, as_a_footstool for_the feet of_you?

OET (OET-RV) To which of his messengers did God say even once:
 ⇔ ‘Sit in the seat of honour on my right,
 ⇔ until I can defeat your enemies
 ⇔ and use them as a stool for my feet’?

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:5–14: Jesus is clearly greater than the angels since God calls him “Son”

In Section 1:5–14 there are seven quotations from the Old Testament, mostly from the Psalms. All the quotations are poetry and contain figurative language.

You will need to decide:

  1. how to translate the figurative language in a clear and meaningful way.

  2. whether to make paragraph breaks between these quotations. English versions differ in this.For example, the RSV begins a new paragraph only at 1:5. The GNT begins new paragraphs at 1:4, 1:7, and 1:14. The Notes begin a new paragraph wherever the author has a quote introduction.

  3. how to format the quotations and whether to include an OT cross reference. English versions differ about this also. If you have made a decision about this for other NT books, you may follow that decision in Hebrews also. The quotations in this section are poetry, so many English versions format them in poetic lines.

  4. how to introduce the quotations. Some English versions use past tense (“God said”) to introduce the quotations, since God spoke the words in the past. Other versions use present tense (“God says”), since the statements are written in the Scripture and the time when he said them is not in focus. Use an appropriate verb form in your language.

It is good to translate the section before you decide on a heading for it. Some other examples of headings for this section are:

The angels are servants of God but Jesus is his Son

God’s Son is Superior to the Angels (GW)

The Greatness of God’s Son (GNT)

Paragraph 1:13–14

In this paragraph the author concluded the chapter with a final contrast between the Son and the angels. It shows again that God’s Son is far greater than the angels.

1:13

This verse contains the seventh and final quotation from the Old Testament in this section. The author quoted from Psalm 110:1. The words of Psalm 110:1 are quoted in Matthew 22:44; Mark 12:36; Luke 20:42–43; and Acts 2:34–35, and they are also referred to in other passages.

1:13a

Yet to which of the angels did God ever say:

Yet: The conjunction that the BSB translates as Yet introduces the final point in this chapter. Another way to introduce it in English is:

Moreover

Consider how you introduce an important point in your language. In some languages a conjunction may not be necessary.

to which of the angels did God ever say: This clause is the first part of a rhetorical question. It is almost exactly the same as 1:5a, which began this section. It emphasizes the fact that God never said to any of the angels what he said to his son in 1:13b–c. It also implies a contrast. God did say those words to his Son. You should translate 1:13a in the same way (or a very similar way) as you translated 1:5a.

angels: The word angels refers to the spirit beings that serve God. This word occurred in 1:4. You may translate it in the same way here.

1:13b–c

The quotation in 1:13b–c is from Psalm 110:1. The author referred to it in 1:3.

Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet: Here God invited his Son to sit with him on his right side while God conquered his Son’s enemies. The context implies that God’s Son will also continue to sit with him after his enemies are conquered. In some languages a word like until may imply a limited time. If that is true in your language, it is better to translate it in a different way. For example:

Sit at my right side and I will make your enemies a footstool for you.

Sit here at my right while I make your enemies your footstool.

1:13b

“Sit at My right hand

Sit at My right hand: The clause Sit at My right hand has the same figurative meaning as the phrase “sat down at the right hand” in 1:3e. It indicates that God told his Son to take the place of greatest honor and authority with God. You should translate the meaning in a similar way here. Some ways to translate it are:

Sit by me at my right side (NCV)

Come sit here with me, sharing my authority

Sit in honor at my right hand (NLT)

1:13c

until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?

until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet: This clause refers to a custom of kings at that time. When a king defeated his enemies, he put his feet on them to show that he had complete power over them. In this context, the custom is a metaphor. It means that God will defeat his Son’s enemies, and the Son will have complete power over them. It does not indicate that the Son will literally place his feet on his enemies.

Some other ways to translate the figurative language are:

Translate the meaning in a natural way in your language. This metaphor is used again in 10:12–14.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-quotations

πρὸς τίνα δὲ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκέν ποτε

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Πρός τίνα δέ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκεν ποτέ Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μού ἕως ἄν θῶ τούς ἐχθρούς σοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σοῦ)

The author quotes from the Old Testament. He does not introduce it as a quotation but instead as words that God has spoken to his Son, not to angels. However, the audience would have understood that this was a quotation from the Old Testament, specifically from [Psalm 110:1](../../psa/110/01.md). Since the author introduces the quotation as words that God has said to his Son, not to angels, you should introduce the quotations as words that someone has or has not said. If your readers would not know that the quotation is from the Old Testament, you could include a footnote or use some other form to identify the quotation. Alternate translation: [But to which of the angels has he ever spoken the words]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

πρὸς τίνα δὲ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκέν ποτε, κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου, ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου, ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου?

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Πρός τίνα δέ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκεν ποτέ Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μού ἕως ἄν θῶ τούς ἐχθρούς σοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σοῦ)

The author does not ask this question because he is looking for information. Rather, he asks it to involve the audience in what he is arguing. The question assumes that the answer is “none of them,” for God only said these words to his own Son. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea with a strong negation. See how you translated the similar question in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: [But God has never said to any of the angels, “Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.]

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

εἴρηκέν ποτε

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Πρός τίνα δέ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκεν ποτέ Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μού ἕως ἄν θῶ τούς ἐχθρούς σοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σοῦ)

Here, he refers to God the Father. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make what he refers to explicit. Alternate translation: [has God ever said]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

κάθου & σου & σου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Πρός τίνα δέ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκεν ποτέ Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μού ἕως ἄν θῶ τούς ἐχθρούς σοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σοῦ)

Since the words Sit and your refer to one person, the Son, all forms of “you” in this verse are singular.

Note 5 topic: translate-symaction

κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Πρός τίνα δέ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκεν ποτέ Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μού ἕως ἄν θῶ τούς ἐχθρούς σοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σοῦ)

When someone sits at the right hand of God, that position symbolizes that person’s honor, authority, and ability to rule. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. See how you translated the similar words in [1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: [Sit to rule at my right hand] or [Take the place of honor and authority at my right hand]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

ἐκ δεξιῶν μου

on ˓the˒_right (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Πρός τίνα δέ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκεν ποτέ Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μού ἕως ἄν θῶ τούς ἐχθρούς σοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σοῦ)

The phrase at my right hand refers to the place next to a person’s right hand, which would be the “right side.” In the author’s culture, this side was associated with honor or authority. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer to the “right side.” Make sure that your readers understand that this side indicates that the Son has honor and authority when he sits there. Alternate translation: [at my right side] or [at the honorable place next to me]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου, ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου

until (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Πρός τίνα δέ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκεν ποτέ Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μού ἕως ἄν θῶ τούς ἐχθρούς σοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σοῦ)

The author of the quotation speaks as if the Son’s enemies could become a footstool on which he could put his feet. In the author’s culture, something that is under one's feet has been conquered and is powerless and shamed, so this means that God will conquer and shame all the enemies of the Son. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [until I make your enemies kneel before you] or [until I conquer and shame your enemies]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

1:13 In climactic fashion, the author ends his string of Old Testament quotations (see study note on 1:5-14) by quoting from Ps 110:1 in celebration of Christ’s exaltation (see also study notes on Luke 20:42-43; 22:69; 1 Cor 15:25; Eph 1:19-22).
• The image of the Son’s enemies as a footstool under his feet represents their absolute subjugation (see Heb 2:8). In the ancient world, a victorious king would place his foot on the neck or back of an enemy as a symbolic act of domination.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. To
    2. -
    3. 43140
    4. S
    5. pros
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. S
    10. Y64
    11. 141199
    1. but
    2. -
    3. 11610
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141201
    1. which
    2. which
    3. 51010
    5. tis
    6. R-····AMS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. Y64; F141206
    11. 141200
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141202
    1. messengers
    2. messengers
    3. 320
    5. aŋgelos
    6. N-····GMP
    7. messengers
    8. angels
    9. -
    10. Y64; F141221
    11. 141203
    1. he has said
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IEA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ said
    8. ˱he˲ ˓has˒ said
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141204
    1. once
    2. -
    3. 42180
    5. pote
    6. D-·······
    7. once
    8. once
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141205
    1. Be sitting
    2. -
    3. 25210
    4. B
    5. kathēmai
    6. V-MPM2··S
    7. ˓be˒ sitting
    8. ˓be˒ sitting
    9. B
    10. Y64; R141200
    11. 141206
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 15370
    5. ek
    6. P-·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141207
    1. +the right
    2. right
    3. 11880
    5. dexios
    6. S-····GNP
    7. ˓the˒ right
    8. ˓the˒ right
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141208
    1. of me
    2. -
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1G·S
    7. ˱of˲ me
    8. ˱of˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141209
    1. until
    2. until
    3. 21930
    5. heōs
    6. C-·······
    7. until
    8. until
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141210
    1. wishfully
    2. -
    3. 3020
    5. an
    6. T-·······
    7. ¬wishfully
    8. ¬wishfully
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141211
    1. I may set
    2. -
    3. 50870
    5. tithēmi
    6. V-SAA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓may˒ set
    8. ˱I˲ ˓may˒ set
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141212
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141213
    1. enemies
    2. enemies
    3. 21900
    5. eχthros
    6. S-····AMP
    7. enemies
    8. enemies
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141214
    1. of you
    2. your
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2G·S
    7. ˱of˲ you
    8. ˱of˲ you
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141215
    1. as +a footstool
    2. -
    3. 52860
    5. hupopodion
    6. N-····ANS
    7. ˱as˲ ˓a˒ footstool
    8. ˱as˲ ˓a˒ footstool
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141216
    1. for the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMP
    7. ˱for˲ the
    8. ˱for˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141217
    1. feet
    2. feet
    3. 42280
    5. pous
    6. N-····GMP
    7. feet
    8. feet
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141218
    1. of you
    2. -
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2G·S
    7. ˱of˲ you
    8. ˱of˲ you
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 141219

OET (OET-LV) To but which of_the messengers he_has_said once:
Be_sitting on the_right of_me, until wishfully I_may_set the enemies of_you, as_a_footstool for_the feet of_you?

OET (OET-RV) To which of his messengers did God say even once:
 ⇔ ‘Sit in the seat of honour on my right,
 ⇔ until I can defeat your enemies
 ⇔ and use them as a stool for my feet’?

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET logo mark

← HEB 1:13 ↑ → ► ║ ©