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Hos C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14

Hos 10 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14

OET interlinear HOS 10:15

◄ ← HOS 10:15 ↓ ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. כָּכָה
    2. 523399
    3. Thus
    4. -
    5. 3602
    6. S-D
    7. thus
    8. S
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365814
    1. עָשָׂה
    2. 523400
    3. someone will do
    4. -
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. someone_will_do
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365815
    1. לָ,כֶם
    2. 523401,523402
    3. to/for you(pl)
    4. you
    6. S-R,Sp2mp
    7. to/for=you(pl)
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365816
    1. בֵּית
    2. 523403
    3. Oh Bēyt-
    4. -
    6. S-Np
    7. O_Beth-
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365817
    2. 523404
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 365818
    1. אֵל
    2. 523405
    3. ʼēl
    4. -
    5. 1008
    6. S-Np
    7. -el
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365819
    1. מִ,פְּנֵי
    2. 523406,523407
    3. from face/in front of
    4. -
    5. 6440
    6. S-R,Ncbpc
    7. from=face/in_front_of
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365820
    1. רָעַת
    2. 523408
    3. the evil of
    4. -
    6. S-Ncfsc
    7. the_evil_of
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365821
    1. רָעַתְ,כֶם
    2. 523409,523410
    3. your wickedness of your(pl)
    4. your wickedness
    6. S-Ncfsc,Sp2mp
    7. your_wickedness_of,your(pl)
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365822
    1. בַּ,שַּׁחַר
    2. 523411,523412
    3. at dawn
    4. -
    5. 7837
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. at,dawn
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365823
    1. נִדְמֹה
    2. 523413
    3. utterly (destroyed)
    4. -
    5. 1820
    6. S-VNa
    7. utterly_(destroyed)
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365824
    1. נִדְמָה
    2. 523414
    3. he will be destroyed
    4. -
    5. 1820
    6. V-VNp3ms
    7. he_will_be_destroyed
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365825
    1. מֶלֶךְ
    2. 523415
    3. the king of
    4. king
    5. 4428
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. the_king_of
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365826
    1. יִשְׂרָאֵל
    2. 523416
    3. of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    4. -
    5. 3478
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Israel
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365827
    2. 523417
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 365828

OET (OET-LV) Thus someone_will_do to/for_you(pl) Oh_Bēyt- ʼēl from_face/in_front_of the_evil_of your_wickedness_of_your(pl) at_dawn utterly_(destroyed) the_king_of he_will_be_destroyed of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).

OET (OET-RV) Then it will also be done to you, Beyt-El, because of your great wickedness.
 ⇔ At dawn, Yisrael’s king will be destroyed.”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 10:9–15: The LORD will punish Israel

In this section, the LORD (10:9–11) and Hosea (10:12–15) warn the people of Israel that the LORD will punish them because of their past and current sin. This section includes figures of speech from agriculture that the Israelites in Hosea’s time would clearly understand. Some examples are comparisons of the people to farm animals (10:11) and to farmers (10:12–13).

Here are some other examples of section headings:

The Lord Pronounces Judgment on Israel (GNT)

The Lord Promises to Punish Israel (CEV)

Paragraph 10:12–15

Hosea is the speaker in this paragraph. He speaks to the people directly, using second person pronouns such as “you” and “yourselves.” He urges the people to seek the LORD instead of sinning as in their past. He also warns them how terrible the future judgment will be.

10:15a

Thus it will be done to you, O Bethel,

Thus it will be done to you, O Bethel: This clause indicates that what will happen to Bethel is similar to what happened at Beth Arbel. Just like Shalman brutally destroyed that city, someone will brutally destroy Bethel also. The word Thus introduces this comparison.

Here are some other ways to introduce this comparison:

You will share that fate, Bethel (NLT)

So will it happen to you, O Bethel (NET)

it will be done to you, O Bethel: In Hebrew, this clause is more literally “he/it will doIn Hebrew this is a perfect verb form. In this instance, most commentators describe the verb as “prophetic perfect.” It describes future action as if it were already accomplished. See Keil (page 89), Hubbard (page 184), McComiskey (page 181), Andersen and Freedman (page 571) and Macintosh (page 431). to you Bethel.” The Hebrew clause does not specify the referent of “he/it.” There are two main interpretations:

  1. The referent is intentionally impersonal.Macintosh (page 431). Hosea directs the reader’s attention to what will happen, not to who or what does the action. For example:

    so it shall be done to you, Bethel. (NJB) (BSB, CEV, ESV, GNT, GW, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. The referent is Bethel.Bethel, as the site of the evils of idolatry, has brought about the coming disaster. Keil (page 89) and McComiskey (page 181). Davies (page 249) lists this as one possibility. In this interpretation Bethel is the agent, not a vocative. For example:

    So shall Bethel do unto you (KJV) (KJV, NJPS)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) along with most versions.

to you, O Bethel: There is a textual issue here:

  1. The Masoretic Text has “to you Bethel.” For example:

    so it shall be done to you, Bethel (NJB) (BSB, CEV, ESV, GNT, GW, KJV, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. The LXX has “to you, House of Israel.” For example:

    Thus it shall be done to you, O house of Israel (RSV) (RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) along with most versions.In support of option (1), Andersen and Freedman (page 572) notes that Bethel is a better parallel to Beth Arbel, especially as both are cities. Also, Bethel has symbolic importance as a shrine of antiquity and as center of the calf cult and its royal patronage in the northern kingdom.

In Hebrew, these words are literally “to you (plur) Bethel (sing).” The plural you probably refers to the individual people of the city of Bethel. In Hebrew, Hosea speaks directly to the city of Bethel as one would speak to a person. However, to address a city in this way may not be natural in some languages.

Here are some other ways to translate this vocative:

That is what will happen to you, people of Bethel (GNT)

Thus it will be done to you at Bethel (NASB)

Use a vocative that is natural in your language when a person speaks to a group of people.

10:15b

because of your great wickedness.

because of your great wickedness: This statement gives the reason why Bethel will be destroyed. Bethel was the center of worship of the calf idol, and it represented the extreme wickedness of Israel.Wood (page 211). In Hebrew, the word because here is literally “from-the face-of.” It is a Hebrew expression that means “by reason of.”HALOT (electronic ed., page 943) D.5.d.ii.

Here are some other ways to translate this statement:

because of the terrible evil that you have done (GNT)

because you did so much evil. (NCV)

For your horrible wickedness (NJPS)

10:15c

When the day dawns, the king of Israel will be utterly cut off.

When the day dawns, the king of Israel will be utterly cut off: This clause indicates that the enemy soldiers (Assyrian army) will quickly capture and imprison the king of Israel very early in the war. See 2 Kings 17:4, 5.Wood (page 211) and Stuart (page 172) note that the Assyrians under Shalmaneser V captured king Hoshea, the final king of Israel, even before the siege of Samaria began. Also see Macintosh (page 432) and Davies (page 249). Some versions make this meaning explicit. For example:

as swiftly as the passing of dawn, the king of Israel will be swept away. (REB)

When the day dawns: There is a textual issue here:

  1. The Masoretic Text has “at the dawn.” For example:

    At dawn the king of Israel will be completely cut off. (NRSV) (CBSB, EV, ESV, GNT, GW, KJV, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. Some scholars think that the original text was “in the storm.” For example:

    In the storm the king of Israel shall be utterly cut off. (RSV) (RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) along with most versions.

The word “dawn” refers to early morning just before sunrise.” It was common to start a battle early in the day to give the attackers the advantage of surprise.According to Andersen and Freedman (page 572), an attack at dawn would have the advantage of surprise and give the soldiers an entire day to do battle. See also McComiskey (page 182) and Hubbard (page 184).

the king of Israel will be utterly cut off: This clause means that the Assyrians will take captive the king of Israel, king Hoshea.Stuart (page 172) and Davies (page 250). It also means that no other Israelite kings will rule after him.Andersen and Freedman (page 572), Keil (page 89), and McComiskey (page 182).

Here are some ways to translate this whole verse part:

at dawn, the king of Israel will be no more (NJB)

As soon as the battle begins at daybreak, the position of “king of Israel” will be gone.

This clause is more literally “the king of Israel destroyed he will be destroyed.” In Hebrew, this repetition intensifies the meaning.

Here are some ways to indicate this intensity:

the king of Israel will be completely destroyed. (NIV)

the ruling of any king of Israel will completely end.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

(Occurrence 0) So it will happen to you, Bethel, because of your great wickedness

(Some words not found in UHB: thus he/it_had_made to/for=you(pl) house_of -ʼēl from=face/in_front_of evil your_wickedness_of,your(pl) at,dawn to_be_destroyed he_will_be_destroyed king Yisrael )

Here “Bethel” represents the people who live there.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Thus
    2. -
    3. 3610
    5. 523399
    6. S-D
    8. S
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365814
    1. someone will do
    2. -
    3. 6035
    5. 523400
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365815
    1. to/for you(pl)
    2. you
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 523401,523402
    6. S-R,Sp2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365816
    1. Oh Bēyt-
    2. -
    3. 981
    5. 523403
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365817
    1. ʼēl
    2. -
    3. 1027
    5. 523405
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365819
    1. from face/in front of
    2. -
    3. 4129,6376
    5. 523406,523407
    6. S-R,Ncbpc
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365820
    1. the evil of
    2. -
    3. 7321
    5. 523408
    6. S-Ncfsc
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365821
    1. your wickedness of your(pl)
    2. your wickedness
    3. 7321,1978
    5. 523409,523410
    6. S-Ncfsc,Sp2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365822
    1. at dawn
    2. -
    3. 846,7708
    5. 523411,523412
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365823
    1. utterly (destroyed)
    2. -
    3. 1758
    5. 523413
    6. S-VNa
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365824
    1. the king of
    2. king
    3. 4308
    5. 523415
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365826
    1. he will be destroyed
    2. -
    3. 1758
    5. 523414
    6. V-VNp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365825
    1. of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    2. -
    3. 3077
    5. 523416
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-740; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365827

OET (OET-LV) Thus someone_will_do to/for_you(pl) Oh_Bēyt- ʼēl from_face/in_front_of the_evil_of your_wickedness_of_your(pl) at_dawn utterly_(destroyed) the_king_of he_will_be_destroyed of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).

OET (OET-RV) Then it will also be done to you, Beyt-El, because of your great wickedness.
 ⇔ At dawn, Yisrael’s king will be destroyed.”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 10:15 ↑ ► ║ ©