1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. וְ,עָנָה
2. 521770,521771
3. And it testifies
4. testifies and
6. SV-C,Vqp3ms
7. and,it_testifies
8. S
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364622
1. גְאוֹן
2. 521772
3. the pride of
4. -
5. 1347
6. S-Ncmsc
7. the_pride_of
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364623
2. 521773
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 364624
1. יִשְׂרָאֵל
2. 521774
3. of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
4. -
5. 3478
6. S-Np
7. of_Israel
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364625
1. בְּ,פָנָי,ו
2. 521775,521776,521777
3. in face of its
4. in with
5. 6440
6. S-R,Ncbpc,Sp3ms
7. in,face_of,its
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364626
1. וְ,יִשְׂרָאֵל
2. 521778,521779
3. and Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
4. -
5. 3478
6. S-C,Np
7. and,Israel
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364627
1. וְ,אֶפְרַיִם
2. 521780,521781
3. and ʼEfrayim
4. Efrayim
5. 669
6. S-C,Np
7. and,Ephraim
8. -
9. Person=Ephraim; Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364628
1. יִכָּשְׁלוּ
2. 521782
3. they will stumble
4. -
5. 3782
6. V-VNi3mp
7. they_will_stumble
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364629
1. בַּ,עֲוֺנָ,ם
2. 521783,521784,521785
3. on iniquity of their
4. their guilt
5. 5771
6. S-R,Ncbsc,Sp3mp
7. on,iniquity_of,their
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364630
1. כָּשַׁל
2. 521786
3. it will stumble
4. -
5. 3782
6. V-Vqp3ms
7. it_will_stumble
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364631
1. גַּם
2. 521787
3. also
4. -
5. 1571
6. S-Ta
7. also
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364632
2. 521788
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 364633
1. יְהוּדָה
2. 521789
3. Yəhūdāh/(Judah)
4. Yehudah
5. 3063
6. S-Np
7. Judah
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364634
1. עִמָּ,ם
2. 521790,521791
3. with them
4. -
6. S-R,Sp3mp
7. with,them
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364635
2. 521792
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 364636

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:1–7: The LORD will judge the people of Israel and Judah

In 5:1–4, the LORD condemned the people of Israel and Judah, including the priests and leaders, for their corruption, immorality, and idolatry. In 5:5–7, he warned them that he would leave them and allow them to be destroyed.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Israel and Judah will be judged (CEV)

Punishment Coming for Israel and Judah (ESV)

Paragraph 5:5–7

In this paragraph, the LORD told the people of Israel and Judah that because they arrogantly refused to stop their sin, he would withdraw from them and allow them to be destroyed. This withdrawal and destruction is part of the discipline he spoke about in 5:2.

5:5a

Israel’s arrogance testifies against them;

¶ “Israel’s arrogance is like a witness who accuses him.
¶ “The people of Israel are proud of their nation. Their pride is like a witness who accuses him of doing wrong,
¶ “You people of Israel are so proud! Your^(plur) pride shows/proves that you^(plur) are guilty. You refuse to rely on Yahweh.

Israel’s arrogance testifies against them: In this clause, the people of Israel are described figuratively as if they are on trial in a courtroom. Israel’s arrogance is personified as a witness that makes an accusation against them.

Here are some ways to translate this figure of speech:

Keep the personification. This is the best option if this figure of speech is natural in your language and people will understand the meaning correctly. For example:
Israel’s arrogance is his accuser. (NJB)
Change the personification into a simile. For example:
Israel’s pride is like a witness who accuses him of wrong.
Translate the meaning directly. This is a good option if a figure of speech is unnatural or confusing in your language. For example:
The arrogance of the people of Israel shows that they are guilty of not relying on the Lord.

Israel’s arrogance: The verse itself does not specify the nature of Israel’s arrogance. This phrase probably refers to the people’s pride in the history, wealth, and strength of their nation. Because of their proud attitude, they did not realize that their nation was actually very weak, so they refused to turn from their sin and acknowledge the LORD.McComiskey (page 78) and Andersen and Freedman (page 392) agree that Israel is proud of its own wealth and achievements as a nation. McComiskey comments that Israel is unaware that this source of pride is actually “in a state of decay.” Hubbard (page 115) identifies this pride as “self-reliance, failure to depend on God utterly,” and Andersen and Freedman mention “the belief that there is no need for repentance.” According to Lange (page 60), their pride resulted in “presumptuous self-reliance,” and Pusey (page 58) mentions that Israel’s pride showed itself in their refusal to turn to God.

This phrase occurs in a similar context in 7:10.

5:5b–c

(combined/reordered)

Because of their sins, Yahweh will severely punish Israel and Judah.

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

^5b Israel and Ephraim stumble in their iniquity;

^5ceven Judah stumbles with them

5:5b

Israel and Ephraim stumble in their iniquity;

Israel will stumble. Yes, the people of Ephraim will stumble when Yahweh judges them because of their sins.
and Israel will stumble and fall because of it.
You^(plur) will suffer because of your sin.

Israel and Ephraim: The two names probably refer to the same group of people, the people of Israel. The repetition may be for poetic effect or emphasis. See the note on “Ephraim…Israel” at 5:3a–b.

stumble in their iniquity: The word stumble is a figure of speech (metaphor). In this context, it probably refers to future punishment or judgment. The LORD will punish his people because of their sin. This judgment is compared to stumbling and falling.

Some versions make this meaning more explicit. For example:

Israel and Ephraim will be overthrown because of their iniquity. (NET)

The same word was used in 4:5a.

5:5c

even Judah stumbles with them.

The people of Judah will stumble with them.
Judah too will collapse.
Even you, people of Judah, you^(plur) also will suffer for your sins.

even Judah stumbles with them: The people of the kingdom of Judah are also guilty. Therefore the LORD will judge them also.

Here is another way to translate this line:

Even Judah will be brought down with them. (NET)

General Comment on 5:5b–c

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine these parallel statements into one line. For example:

Israel and Judah will stumble and fall because of the LORD’s severe judgment.

uW Translation Notes:

General Information:

Yahweh is talking about Israel.

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

(Occurrence 0) The pride of Israel testifies against him

(Some words not found in UHB: and,it_testifies pride_of Yisrael in,face_of,its and,Israel and,Ephraim stumble on,iniquity_of,their stumbles also/yet Yehuda with,them )

This describes “pride” as a person who testifies against the people of Israel in court. Their prideful attitude and behavior show that they are guilty of no longer obeying Yahweh.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

(Occurrence 0) so Israel and Ephraim will stumble in their guilt; and Judah also will stumble with them

(Some words not found in UHB: and,it_testifies pride_of Yisrael in,face_of,its and,Israel and,Ephraim stumble on,iniquity_of,their stumbles also/yet Yehuda with,them )

The two kingdoms will become completely disobedient to God because of their pride and sin.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Hebrew word
5. Hebrew lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. And
2. testifies and
3. 1987,5969
5. 521770,521771
6. SV-C,Vqp3ms
8. S
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364622
1. the pride of
2. -
3. 1493
5. 521772
6. S-Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364623
1. it testifies
2. testifies and
3. 1987,5969
5. 521770,521771
6. SV-C,Vqp3ms
8. S
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364622
1. of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
2. -
3. 3077
5. 521774
6. S-Np
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364625
1. in face of its
2. in with
3. 846,6376,1978
5. 521775,521776,521777
6. S-R,Ncbpc,Sp3ms
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364626
1. and Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
2. -
3. 1987,3077
5. 521778,521779
6. S-C,Np
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364627
1. and ʼEfrayim
2. Efrayim
3. 1987,405
5. 521780,521781
6. S-C,Np
8. -
9. Person=Ephraim; Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364628
1. they will stumble
2. -
3. 3656
5. 521782
6. V-VNi3mp
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364629
1. on iniquity of their
2. their guilt
3. 846,5919,1978
5. 521783,521784,521785
6. S-R,Ncbsc,Sp3mp
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364630
1. it will stumble
2. -
3. 3656
5. 521786
6. V-Vqp3ms
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364631
1. also
2. -
3. 1471
5. 521787
6. S-Ta
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364632
1. Yəhūdāh/(Judah)
2. Yehudah
3. 2925
5. 521789
6. S-Np
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364634
1. with them
2. -
3. 5681,1978
5. 521790,521791
6. S-R,Sp3mp
8. -
9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
10. 364635

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

OET interlinear HOS 5:5

Hebrew word order