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Hos 9 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V15 V16 V17

OET interlinear HOS 9:14

◄ ← HOS 9:14 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. תֵּן
    2. 523003
    3. Give
    4. -
    5. 5414
    6. V-Vqv2ms
    7. give
    8. S
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365521
    2. 523004
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 365522
    1. לָ,הֶם
    2. 523005,523006
    3. to/for them
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    7. to/for=them
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365523
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 523007
    3. Oh YHWH
    4. Yahweh
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. O_Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365524
    1. מַה
    2. 523008
    3. what
    4. -
    5. 4100
    6. O-Ti
    7. what?
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365525
    2. 523009
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 365526
    1. תִּתֵּן
    2. 523010
    3. will you give
    4. -
    5. 5414
    6. V-Vqi2ms
    7. will_you_give
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365527
    1. תֵּן
    2. 523011
    3. give
    4. -
    5. 5414
    6. V-Vqv2ms
    7. give
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365528
    2. 523012
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 365529
    1. לָ,הֶם
    2. 523013,523014
    3. to/for them
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    7. to/for=them
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365530
    1. רֶחֶם
    2. 523015
    3. a womb
    4. -
    5. 7358
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. a_womb
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365531
    1. מַשְׁכִּיל
    2. 523016
    3. which miscarries
    4. that miscarries
    6. O-Vhrmsa
    7. [which]_miscarries
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365532
    1. וְ,שָׁדַיִם
    2. 523017,523018
    3. and breasts
    4. breasts
    6. O-C,Ncmda
    7. and,breasts
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365533
    1. צֹמְקִים
    2. 523019
    3. which dry up
    4. -
    5. 6784
    6. O-Vqrmpa
    7. [which]_dry_up
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365534
    2. 523020
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 365535

OET (OET-LV) Give to/for_them Oh_YHWH what will_you_give give to/for_them a_womb which_miscarries and_breasts which_dry_up.

OET (OET-RV) Give them something, Yahweh—what will you give?
 ⇔ Give them a womb that miscarries, and breasts with no milk.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 9:10–17: The sins of the Israelites and the response of the LORD

This section describes the joyful beginning of the LORD’s relationship with the people of Israel and the shocking way that they responded by betraying him. Because of their sin and betrayal, it is necessary for the LORD to judge them.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Israel’s Sin and Its Consequences (GNT)

Sin’s Terrible Results (CEV)

Paragraph 9:14

This paragraph gives Hosea’s prayer.

9:14

Give them, O LORD—what will You give? Give them wombs that miscarry and breasts that dry up!: This verse is a prayer of Hosea. There are two main ways to interpret the intent of the prayer:

  1. This is a prayer directed against the people.The technical name for such a prayer is “imprecatory.” To imprecate means to invoke evil or to curse something. See Merriam-Webster “Imprecate.” Hosea asks the LORD to fulfill the punishment of 9:13b in this way.Stuart (page 153), Andersen and Freedman (page 544), Keil (page 126), and Wood (page 207). For example:

    Lord, give them what they deserve. Make the women miscarry, or else make them unable to nurse their babies. (GW) (GNT, GW, NCV, REB)

  2. This is a prayer on behalf of the people. Hosea asks the LORD to make the punishment of 9:13b less severe in this way. If fewer children are born, then fewer children will be slaughtered later. For example:

    O Lord, what should I request for your people? I will ask for wombs that don't give birth and breasts that give no milk. (NLT) (CEV, NLT)Both these versions use the phrase, “for your people.” This implies that the prayer is for something positive rather than negative. However, neither version makes explicit what is positive about the request.

In many versions, the intent of this prayer is left implied. In those versions, either of the interpretations above could apply. In some languages, it may be preferable to make the intent of the prayer explicit. If that is true in your language, it is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). There are at least two reasons:

  1. This verse matches the pattern used elsewhere in the OT of a rhetorical question followed by a curse.Davies (page 229).

  2. Hosea 9:16 has similar expressions, and that verse is clearly directed against the people.Andersen and Freedman (page 544) states that Hosea “is urging YHWH to proceed with the extreme penalties, endorsing what YHWH says in verses 12 and 16 about murdering the children.”

9:14a

Give them, O LORD—what will You give?

Give them, O LORD—what will You give?: Here the sentence that begins with the request, Give them is interrupted by a rhetorical question. The object of the phrase, Give them is not stated until the phrase is repeated in 9:14b. This interrupted sentence structure is a poetic literary device. The purpose of the device may be to create suspense.Hubbard (page 166).

In some languages, this poetic structure may be confusing and unnatural.

If that is true in your language, here are some other ways to translate this verse part:

what will You give?: This is a rhetorical question. This is not a request for information. Its function is probably to state, “I know what you should give.”Andersen and Freedman (page 544). Some versions express this as a statement instead of a question. For example:

Our Lord, do just one thing for your people— (CEV)

9:14b–c

Give them wombs that miscarry and breasts that dry up!

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

14bGive them wombs that miscarry

14cand breasts that dry up!

Together these lines are a curse.Stuart (page 153) and Davies (page 229). They are the opposite of a traditional blessing for many healthy, nursing children (see Genesis 49:25).Macintosh (page 374) and Dearman (pages 254–255).

Give them: The pronoun them is masculine here. It indicates that the curse is against the men and women of the nation, not the women only.Andersen and Freedman (page 544).

There is an ellipsis of the words Give them in 9:14c. In some languages, this phrase may need to be supplied from 9:14b. For example:

Give them wombs that miscarry and give them breasts that are dry.

wombs that miscarry: There are two ways to interpret the form of the Hebrew word that the BSB translates as miscarry:

  1. The phrase means wombs that miscarry. It refers to women whose babies die in the womb. The babies are born dead. For example:

    Make the women miscarry (GW) (BSB, ESV, GW, KJV, NASB, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NRSV, REB)

  2. The phrase means “womb that is barren.” It refers to a woman who is unable to have children. For example:

    Make their women barren! (GNT) (CEV, GNT, NAB, NCV, NLT)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) along with most versions and all lexicons.TWOT, NIDOTTE, HALOT, and BDB all identify the Hiphil participle used here as indicating miscarriage. They all mention Hosea 9:14 specifically. McComiskey, Andersen and Freedman, and Macintosh favor miscarriage. Dearman, Stuart, Pusey, and Keil favor barrenness.

breasts that dry up!: This phrase indicates that women have no breast milk to nurse a child.

In some languages, it may be more natural to speak of wombs and breasts in other ways. For example, it may be more natural to refer specifically to women or to refer only to the functions of giving birth and nursing. Here are some other ways to translate this verse part:

Make the wombs of their women miscarry and make their breasts dry.

make their children die before they are born and make them unable to nurse their babies.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

(Occurrence 0) Give them, Yahweh—what will you give them? Give them

(Some words not found in UHB: give to/for=them YHWH what? give give to/for=them womb miscarrying and,breasts dry )

Hosea uses a question to emphasize that he wants Yahweh to give the people of Israel what they deserve. Alternate translation: “This is what I ask you, Yahweh, to give them: give them”

(Occurrence 0) a miscarrying womb

(Some words not found in UHB: give to/for=them YHWH what? give give to/for=them womb miscarrying and,breasts dry )

To “miscarry” means that a pregnancy ends too early and the baby dies. Hosea is asking that all the nation’s women be like that.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Give
    2. -
    3. 5233
    5. 523003
    6. V-Vqv2ms
    8. S
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365521
    1. to/for them
    2. -
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 523005,523006
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365523
    1. Oh YHWH
    2. Yahweh
    3. 3354
    5. 523007
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365524
    1. what
    2. -
    3. 4666
    5. 523008
    6. O-Ti
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365525
    1. will you give
    2. -
    3. 5233
    5. 523010
    6. V-Vqi2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365527
    1. give
    2. -
    3. 5233
    5. 523011
    6. V-Vqv2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365528
    1. to/for them
    2. -
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 523013,523014
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365530
    1. a womb
    2. -
    3. 7171
    5. 523015
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365531
    1. which miscarries
    2. that miscarries
    3. 7811
    5. 523016
    6. O-Vhrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365532
    1. and breasts
    2. breasts
    3. 1987,7692
    5. 523017,523018
    6. O-C,Ncmda
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365533
    1. which dry up
    2. -
    3. 6657
    5. 523019
    6. O-Vqrmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-760; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 365534

OET (OET-LV) Give to/for_them Oh_YHWH what will_you_give give to/for_them a_womb which_miscarries and_breasts which_dry_up.

OET (OET-RV) Give them something, Yahweh—what will you give?
 ⇔ Give them a womb that miscarries, and breasts with no milk.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 9:14 ↑ → ► ║ ©